黄酮类化合物
黄酮类化合物
定义与结构特征
黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：
- 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
- 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
- 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
- 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6,4-二羟基黄酮 | 6,4'-dihydroxyflavone | 63046-09-3 | C15H10O4 |
|
| 6,4'-甲基化野黄芩素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸 | methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-((5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxylate | 70938-59-9 | C24H24O12 |
|
| 6,3-二甲氧基黄酮 | 6,3'-dimethoxyflavone | 79786-40-6 | C17H14O4 |
|
| 6,2'，4'-三甲氧基黄酮 | 6,2',4'-Trimethoxyflavone | 720675-90-1 | C18H16O5 |
|
| 6''-乙酰金丝桃苷 | quercetin 3-(6''-O-acetylgalactoside) | 72659-75-7 | C23H22O13 |
|
| 5H-苯并环庚烯-8-羧酸,1-[(2R,3R)-3,4-二氢-5,7-二羟基-3-[(3,4,5-三羟基苯甲酰)氧代]-2H-1-苯并吡喃-2-基]-3,4,6-三羟基-5-羰基-,(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-3,4-二氢-5,7-二羟基-2H-1-苯并吡喃-3-基酯 | theaflavate A | 152542-70-6 | C43H32O19 |
|
| 5H-呋喃并[3,2-g][1]苯并吡喃-5-酮,4-甲氧基-7-苯基- | pinnatin | 1232-43-5 | C18H12O4 |
|
| 5-脱氧莰非醇 | resokaempferol | 2034-65-3 | C15H10O5 |
|
| 5-羟基黄酮 | 5-Hydroxyflavon | 491-78-1 | C15H10O3 |
|
| 5-羟基-8-碘-7-甲氧基-2-苯基-色烯-4-酮 | 5-Hydroxy-7-methoxy-8-iodflavon | 33483-23-7 | C16H11IO4 |
|
| 5-羟基-8-甲氧基-2-苯基-色烯-4-酮 | 5-hydroxy-8-methoxy-2-phenyl-chromen-4-one | 67645-95-8 | C16H12O4 |
|
| 5-羟基-8,8-二甲基-3-(3-甲基-2-丁烯-1-基)-2-(2,4,5-三羟基苯基)-4H,8H-苯并[1,2-b:3,4-b']二吡喃-4-酮 | artonin E | 129683-93-8 | C25H24O7 |
|
| 5-羟基-7-甲氧基-8-甲基-2-苯基色烯-4-酮 | 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-8-methylflavone | 14004-48-9 | C17H14O4 |
|
| 5-羟基-7-甲氧基-8-(3-甲基丁-2-烯基)-2-苯基-2,3-二氢色烯-4-酮 | 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-C-prenylflavone | 75291-75-7 | C21H22O4 |
|
| 5-羟基-7-甲氧基-6-甲基-2-苯基色烯-4-酮 | 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-6-methyl-2-phenyl-chromen-4-one | 55969-57-8 | C17H14O4 |
|
| 5-羟基-7-甲基-2-苯基色烯-4-酮 | tectochrysin | 33554-46-0 | C16H12O3 |
|
| 5-羟基-7-甲基-2-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)苯并吡喃-4-酮 | 5-hydroxy-7-methyl-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxy-phenyl)-chromen-4-one | 70460-23-0 | C19H18O6 |
|
| 5-羟基-7-乙酰氧基黄酮 | 7-O-acetyl chrysin | 6674-40-4 | C17H12O5 |
|
| 5-羟基-7-乙酰氧基-8-甲氧基黄酮 | 5-hydroxy-8-methoxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl acetate | 95480-80-1 | C18H14O6 |
|
| 5-羟基-7,8-二甲氧基（2R）-黄烷酮-5-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷 | 5-Hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy (2R)-flavanone-5-o-beta-D-glucopyranoside | 942626-74-6 | C23H26O10 |
|
| 5-羟基-7,8-二甲氧基黄酮 | 5-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxyflavone | 3570-62-5 | C17H14O5 |
|
| 5-羟基-7,8-二甲氧基黄烷酮 | (2S)-5-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxyflavanone | 113981-49-0 | C17H16O5 |
|
| 5-羟基-7,8-二甲氧基-6-甲基-2-苯基-色烯-4-酮 | 5-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy-6-methyl-2-phenyl-chromen-4-one | 109309-41-3 | C18H16O5 |
|
| 5-羟基-7,8-二甲氧基-2-(2-甲氧基苯基)-4H-1-苯并吡喃-4-酮 | 5-hydro-7,8,2'-trimethoxyflavanone | 1165-40-8 | C18H16O6 |
|
| 5-羟基-6-硝基-2-苯基-苯并吡喃-4-酮 | 5-hydroxy-6-nitroflavone | 92424-80-1 | C15H9NO5 |
|
| 5-羟基-6,7-二甲氧基黄酮 | mosloflavone | 740-33-0 | C17H14O5 |
|
| 5-羟基-6,7,8-三甲氧基-2-苯基苯并吡喃-4-酮 | alnetin | 3151-82-4 | C18H16O6 |
|
| 5-羟基-4-氧代-2-苯基-4H-苯并吡喃-7-基beta-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷 | chrysin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside | 31025-53-3 | C21H20O9 |
|
| 5-羟基-4',7-二甲氧基黄酮 | 5-hydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyflavone | 5128-44-9 | C17H14O5 |
|
| 5-羟基-3-甲氧基-2-苯基-色烯-4-酮 | 5-Hydroxy-3-methoxyflavon | 727381-93-3 | C16H12O4 |
|
| 5-羟基-3,7-二甲氧基-2-苯基色烯-4-酮 | 5-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone | 70786-48-0 | C17H14O5 |
|
| 5-羟基-3',4',6,7-四甲氧基黄酮 | 5-desmethylsinensetin | 21763-80-4 | C19H18O7 |
|
| 5-羟基-3',4',5',6,7-五甲氧基黄酮 | 5-hydroxyl-6,7,3′,4′,5′-pentamethoxyflavone | 29215-55-2 | C20H20O8 |
|
| 5-羟基-2-甲氧基黄酮 | 5-hydroxy-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one | 6665-71-0 | C16H12O4 |
|
| 5-羟基-2-[4-甲氧基-3-[2-氧代-2-[4-[(2,3,4-三甲氧基苯基)甲基]哌嗪-1-基]乙氧基]苯基]-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基苯并吡喃-4-酮 | 5-hydroxy-2-[4-methoxy-3-[2-oxo-2-[4-[(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]piperazin-1-yl]ethoxy]phenyl]-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | 123580-53-0 | C38H44N2O15 |
|
| 5-羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)-7-甲氧基-6-甲基-4H-1-苯并吡喃-4-酮 | 8-Demethylsideroxylin | 80621-54-1 | C17H14O5 |
|
| 5-羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)-7-甲氧基-2,3-二氢-4H-苯并吡喃-4-酮 | 5,4'-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone | 520-29-6 | C16H14O5 |
|
| 5-羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)-4-氧代-4H-苯并吡喃-7-基alpha-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷 | apigenin-7-O-glucoside | 94159-34-9 | C21H20O10 |
|
| 5-羟基-2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧苯基)-7-甲氧基-4-羰基-4H-色烯-3-基6-脱氧-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1->4)-6-脱氧-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1->6)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷 | Rhamnazin 3-O-isorhamninoside | 52801-23-7 | C35H44O20 |
|
| 5-羟基-2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧苯基)-6,7,8-三甲氧基-4H-色烯-4-酮 | 8-methoxycirsilineol | 16520-78-8 | C19H18O8 |
|
| 5-羟基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4-甲基苯并吡喃-7-酮 | 5-Hydroxy-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-4-methyl-chromen-7-one | 78776-52-0 | C17H14O4 |
|
| 5-羟基-2-(3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯基)-3,6-二甲氧基-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基苯并吡喃-4-酮 | centaurein | 35595-03-0 | C24H26O13 |
|
| 5-羟基-2-(3-羟基-4,5-二甲氧苯基)-3,7-二甲氧基-4H-色烯-4-酮 | 3',5-dihydroxy-3,4',5',7-tetramethoxyflavone | 14290-57-4 | C19H18O8 |
|
| 5-磷酸-D-核糖钡盐 | Delphinidin 3-rutinoside | 15674-58-5 | C27H31ClO16 |
|
| 5-甲氧基黄酮 | 6-methoxy-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one | 26964-24-9 | C16H12O3 |
|
| 5-甲氧基黄酮 | 5-methoxyflavone | 42079-78-7 | C16H12O3 |
|
| 5-甲氧基黄烷酮 | (2S)-5-methoxy-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | 123931-32-8 | C16H14O3 |
|
| 5-甲氧基黄烷酮 | 5-methoxyflavanone | 55947-36-9 | C16H14O3 |
|
| 5-甲氧基莰非醇 | Kaempferol 5-methyl ether | 22044-80-0 | C16H12O6 |
|
| 5-甲氧基-8-甲基-2-苯基色烯-7-酮 | 5-methoxy-8-methyl-2-phenyl-chromen-7-one | 61110-17-6 | C17H14O3 |
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