黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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5-甲氧基-2-苯基色满e | 5-methoxy-2-phenyl-chroman | 22955-31-3 | C16H16O2 |
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5-甲氧基-2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-4H-色烯-4-酮 | 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one | 136198-18-0 | C18H16O5 |
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5-甲基-2-苯基色烯-4-酮 | 5-methylflavone | 68531-91-9 | C16H12O2 |
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5-氨基-6-羟基-2-苯基-4H-苯并吡喃-4-酮 | 5-amino-6-hydroxyflavone | 742073-27-4 | C15H11NO3 |
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5-嘧啶羧酸,2-氨基-4-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-(9CI) | herbacetin 7,4'-dimethylether | 70703-48-9 | C17H14O7 |
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5-乙酰氧基黄酮 | 5-Acetoxy-flavon | 93327-97-0 | C17H12O4 |
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5-乙酰氧基-7-羟基黄酮 | 5-acetoxy-7-hydroxyflavone | 132351-58-7 | C17H12O5 |
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5-乙酰氧基-7-甲氧基黄酮 | 5-Acetoxy-7-methoxy-flavon | 23296-91-5 | C18H14O5 |
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5-[[5-[3,4-二羟基-4-(羟基甲基)四氢呋喃-2-基]氧基-3,4-二羟基-6-[5-羟基-2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-7-甲氧基-4-氧代苯并吡喃-3-基]氧基四氢吡喃-2-基]甲氧基]-3-羟基-3-甲基-5-氧代戊酸 | rhamnazin-3-O-β-D-apiosyl-(1→2)-β-D-[6''-(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarate)]glucoside | 131749-61-6 | C34H40O20 |
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5-[[2-O-(6-脱氧-ALPHA-L-甘露糖基)-BETA-D-吡喃葡萄糖基]氧基]-7-羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)-4H-1-苯并吡喃-4-酮 | Apigenin 5-O-neohesperidoside | 850630-40-9 | C27H30O14 |
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5-[2-羟基-3-(4-氧代-2-苯基苯并吡喃-5-基)氧基丙氧基]-2-苯基苯并吡喃-4-酮 | 1,3-bis(2-phenylchromon-5-yloxy)-2-hydroxypropane | 37962-64-4 | C33H24O7 |
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5-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4-二羟基-6-(羟基甲基)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-甲基四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基-7-羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)苯并吡喃-4-酮 | apigenin-5-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->4)-β-D-glucopyranoside] | 109232-76-0 | C27H30O14 |
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5-[(2S)-7-羟基-6-(2-甲基丁-3-烯-2-基)-3,4-二氢-2H-色烯-2-基]-3,4-二(3-甲基丁-2-烯-1-基)苯-1,2-二酚 | kazinol E | 104494-34-0 | C30H38O4 |
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5-O-甲基柚皮素 | naringenin 5-methyl ether | 61775-19-7 | C16H14O5 |
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5-O-beta-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷芹菜甙元 | apigenin 5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside | 28757-27-9 | C21H20O10 |
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5-O-(3-甲基-2-丁烯基)山柰酚三-O-甲氧基甲基醚 | 5-O-prenyl-3,4',7-tris-O-methoxymethylkaempferol | 143724-70-3 | C26H30O9 |
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5-Hydroxy-3,6,7-三甲氧基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)色烯-4-酮 | 5-Hydroxy-3,6,7,4'-tetramethoxyflavone | 14787-34-9 | C19H18O7 |
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5-(5,7-二羟基苯并吡喃基鎓-2-基)苯-1,2,3-三醇氯化物 | tricetinidin | 65618-21-5 | C15H11O6*Cl |
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5-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-3-[2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-4-氧代苯并吡喃-6-基]-4,5-二氢吡唑-1-甲醛 | 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-5-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-3,4-dihydropyrazole-2-carbaldehyde | 154185-82-7 | C29H26N2O7 |
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5-(2-氟乙基)-2'-氟呋喃阿拉伯糖基尿苷 | 6-amino-2-(3-hydroxy-phenyl)-chromen-4-one | 107917-99-7 | C15H11NO3 |
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5,8-二羟基黄酮 | primetin | 548-58-3 | C15H10O4 |
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5,8-二羟基-6,7-二甲氧基黄酮 | 5,8-Dihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxyflavone | 73202-52-5 | C17H14O6 |
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5,8-二羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)-6,7-二甲氧基-4H-1-苯并吡喃-4-酮 | isothymusin | 98755-25-0 | C17H14O7 |
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5,8-二羟基-2-(2-羟基苯基)-6,7-二甲氧基苯并吡喃-4-酮 | 5,8,2'-trihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxyflavone | 77056-21-4 | C17H14O7 |
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5,7-二羟基3,3,4,5,6,8-六甲氧基黄酮 | 5,7-Dihydroxy-3,6,8,3',4',5'-hexamethoxyflavone | 96887-18-2 | C21H22O10 |
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5,7-二羟基-8-硝基-2-苯基色烯-4-酮 | 8-nitrochrysin | 105173-18-0 | C15H9NO6 |
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5,7-二羟基-8-甲氧基黄酮二乙酸酯 | wogonin diacetate | 23246-80-2 | C20H16O7 |
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5,7-二羟基-8-[2-羟基-5-(5-羟基-7-甲氧基-4-氧代-4H-1-苯并吡喃-2-基)苯基]-2-(4-羟基苯基)-4-苯并吡喃酮 | Sequoiaflavone | 21763-71-3 | C31H20O10 |
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5,7-二羟基-6-甲基-4-氧代-2-苯基-4H-苯并吡喃-8-甲醛 | Isounonal | 55743-12-9 | C17H12O5 |
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5,7-二羟基-6-(3-甲基-2-丁烯-1-基)-2-苯基-4H-1-苯并吡喃-4-酮 | 5,7-dihydroxy-6-prenylflavon | 50678-91-6 | C20H18O4 |
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5,7-二羟基-6-(1-甲基吡咯烷-2-基)-2-苯基苯并吡喃-4-酮 | Isoficin | 2255-62-1 | C20H19NO4 |
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5,7-二羟基-6,8-二碘-2-苯基色烯-4-酮 | 6,8-diiodo-5,7-dihydroxyflavone | 4252-99-7 | C15H8I2O4 |
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5,7-二羟基-6,8-二甲氧基黄酮 | 5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-dimethoxyflavone | 3162-45-6 | C17H14O6 |
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5,7-二羟基-6,8,4'-三甲氧基黄酮 | nevadensin | 10176-66-6 | C18H16O7 |
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5,7-二羟基-6,8,3',4'-四甲氧基黄酮 | hymenoxin | 56003-01-1 | C19H18O8 |
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5,7-二羟基-3’,4’,5’-三甲氧基黄烷酮 | 5,7-dihydroxy-3',4',5'-trimethylhydroxyflavone | 62252-10-2 | C18H18O7 |
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5,7-二羟基-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-5-羟基-6-(羟基甲基)-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-甲基四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基-2-(4-羟基苯基)苯并吡喃-4-酮 | Kaempferol 3-glucosyl(1-3)rhamnosyl(1-6)galactoside | 134953-94-9 | C33H40O20 |
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5,7-二羟基-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-5-羟基-6-(羟基甲基)-3,4-二[[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-甲基四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基]四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基-2-(4-羟基苯基)苯并吡喃-4-酮 | kaempferol 3-O-{αl-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→6)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]}-β-D-galactopyranoside | 109008-28-8 | C33H40O19 |
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5,7-二羟基-3,4',8-三甲氧基黄酮 | 5,7-dihydroxy-3,8-dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-chromen-4-one | 1570-09-8 | C18H16O7 |
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5,7-二羟基-3,3,4,5-四甲氧基黄酮 | 5,7-dihydroxy-3,3',4',5'-tetramethoxyflavone | 14585-04-7 | C19H18O8 |
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5,7-二羟基-3',4',5'-三甲氧基黄酮 | 5,7-dihydroxy-3',4',5'-trimethoxyflavone | 18103-42-9 | C18H16O7 |
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5,7-二羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)-6-甲氧基-8-(1-甲基吡咯烷-2-基)苯并吡喃-4-酮 | Phyllospadine | 76540-48-2 | C21H21NO6 |
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5,7-二羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)-6-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢吡喃-2-基]-8-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-甲基-四氢吡喃-2-基]苯并吡喃-4-酮 | Violanthin | 40581-17-7 | C27H30O14 |
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5,7-二羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)-6,8-二甲基-2,3-二氢苯并吡喃-4-酮 | farrerol | 24211-30-1 | C17H16O5 |
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5,7-二羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)-4-氧代-4H-苯并吡喃-3-基4-O-(6-O-乙酰基-beta-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-6-脱氧-alpha-L-吡喃甘露糖苷 | 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 3-((O-acetyl-6-deoxy-4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)oxy)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)- | 61358-52-9 | C29H32O16 |
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5,7-二羟基-2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧苯基)-8-甲氧基-4-羰基-4H-色烯-3-基β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷 | gossypetin-8,3'-dimethylether-3-O-β-D-galactoside | 103839-19-6 | C23H24O13 |
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5,7-二羟基-2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-甲基四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基甲基]四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基苯并吡喃-4-酮 | quercetin 3'-O-methyl ether 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1'''→6")-β-D-galactopyranoside | 107740-46-5 | C28H32O16 |
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5,7-二羟基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)苯并吡喃基鎓-4-甲酰氯 | 4-Carboxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-benzopyrylium chloride | 78776-54-2 | C17H13ClO6 |
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5,7-二羟基-2-(3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯基)苯并吡喃鎓氯化物 | Diosmetinidin chloride | 64670-94-6 | C16H13ClO5 |
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5,7-二羟基-2-(3-羟基-4,5-二甲氧基苯基)苯并吡喃-4-酮 | apometzgerin | 76900-87-3 | C17H14O7 |
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