有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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N,N-二乙基苄胺 | N,N-diethylbenzylamine | 772-54-3 | C11H17N |
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N,N-二乙基硫代氨基甲酰-2-苯并噻唑硫醚 | benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl diethylcarbamodithioate | 95-30-7 | C12H14N2S3 |
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N,N-二乙基甲酰甲基膦酸二正己酯 | dihexyl N,N-diethylcarbamoylmethylphosphonate | 7369-66-6 | C18H38NO4P |
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N,N-二乙基甲胺 | N,N-diethylnmethylamine | 616-39-7 | C5H13N |
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N,N-二乙基甲烷磺酰胺 | N,N-diethylmethanesulfonamide | 2374-61-0 | C5H13NO2S |
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N,N-二乙基对苯二胺盐酸盐 | N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine hydrochloride | 2198-58-5 | C10H16N2*ClH |
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N,N-二乙基对甲苯胺 | N,N-diethyl-p-toluidine | 613-48-9 | C11H17N |
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N,N-二乙基十二酰胺 | N,N-diethyldodecanamide | 3352-87-2 | C16H33NO |
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N,N-二乙基亚磷酰胺二叔丁酯 | di-tert-butyl N,N-diethylphosphoramidite | 117924-33-1 | C12H28NO2P |
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N,N-二乙基二乙烯基三胺 | N,N-diethyldiethylenetriamine | 24426-16-2 | C8H21N3 |
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N,N-二乙基乙醇胺盐酸盐 | N,N-diethylethanolammonium chloride | 14426-20-1 | C6H15NO*ClH |
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N,N-二乙基乙酰胺 | diethylacetamide | 685-91-6 | C6H13NO |
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N,N-二乙基乙胺;2-(2,4,5-三氯苯氧基)乙酸 | 2-(2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy)acetate;triethylazanium | 2008-46-0 | C14H20Cl3NO3 |
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N,N-二乙基乙二胺 | N,N-diethylethylenediamine | 100-36-7 | C6H16N2 |
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N,N-二乙基乙二胺 | N,N'-diethylethylenediamine | 111-74-0 | C6H16N2 |
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N,N-二乙基丁胺 | N,N-diethylbutylamine | 4444-68-2 | C8H19N |
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N,N-二乙基丁烷-1,4-二胺 | 4-(diethylamino)butylamine | 27431-62-5 | C8H20N2 |
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N,N-二乙基-N-甲基-N-(2-甲氧乙基)铵基双(三氟甲基磺酰)酰亚胺 | N,N-diethyl-N-(2-methoxyethyl)-N-methylammonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide | 464927-84-2 | C2F6NO4S2*C8H20NO |
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N,N-二乙基-N'-甲基乙二胺 | N,N-diethyl-N'-methylethane-1,2-diamine | 104-79-0 | C7H18N2 |
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N,N-二乙基-4-氨基-2-甲基苯甲醛 | 4-(diethylamino)-2-methylbenzaldehyde | 92-14-8 | C12H17NO |
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N,N-二乙基-4-(6-甲基苯并噻唑-2-基)苯胺 | N,N-diethyl-4-(6-methylbenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)aniline | 10205-63-7 | C18H20N2S |
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N,N-二乙基-3-噻吩羧酰胺 | N,N-diethylthiophene-3-carboxamide | 73540-75-7 | C9H13NOS |
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N,N-二乙基-3,5-二硝基苯甲酰胺 | N,N-diethyl-3,5-dinitrobenzamide | 2782-38-9 | C11H13N3O5 |
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N,N-二乙基-2-羟基乙酰胺 | N,N-diethyl-2-hydroxyacetamide | 39096-01-0 | C6H13NO2 |
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N,N-二乙基-2-氯乙酰胺 | 2-Chloro-N,N-diethylacetamide | 2315-36-8 | C6H12ClNO |
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N,N-二乙基-2-丙烯酰胺 | N,N-diethylacrylamide | 2675-94-7 | C7H13NO |
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N,N-二乙基-2-[2-甲氧基-6-(2-丙烯基)苯氧基]乙胺 | clavatol | 6006-09-3 | C16H25NO2 |
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N,N-二乙基-2,4-二硝基-5-氟苯胺 | N,N-diethyl-5-fluoro-2,4-dinitroaniline | 6917-48-2 | C10H12FN3O4 |
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N,N-二乙基-2,2,2-三氟乙酰胺 | N,N-diethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide | 360-92-9 | C6H10F3NO |
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对氨基二乙基苯胺硫酸盐 | N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine sulfate | 6283-63-2 | C10H16N2*H2O4S |
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N,N-二丙基苯胺 | N,N-dipropylaniline | 2217-07-4 | C12H19N |
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N,N-二丙基-2-甲基-3-硝基苯乙胺 | 2-methyl-3-nitro-N,N-di-n-propylphenethylamine | 91374-23-1 | C15H24N2O2 |
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N,N-二丁基间氨基苯酚 | 3-(N,N-dibutylamino)phenol | 43141-69-1 | C14H23NO |
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N,N-二丁基苯胺 | N-Dibutylaniline | 613-29-6 | C14H23N |
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N,N-二丁基-9-十八烯酰胺 | N,N-Dibutyloleamide | 5831-80-1 | C26H51NO |
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N,N-二-正-辛基苯胺 | N,N-dioctylaniline | 3007-75-8 | C22H39N |
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N,N-二-Boc-2-碘苯胺 | N-di(tert-butylcarboxy)aniline | 870703-53-0 | C16H22INO4 |
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N,N-二(三甲基硅基)乙酰胺 | N,N-bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide | 10416-58-7 | C8H21NOSi2 |
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N,N-二(4-羟苯基)对苯二甲酰胺 | N,N'-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)terephthalamide | 1170-53-2 | C20H16N2O4 |
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N,N-二(3-氨丙基)乙基乙胺 | N,N'-bis(3-aminopropyl)-1,2-diamine | 10563-26-5 | C8H22N4 |
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N,N-二(2-二乙基氨基乙基)苯胺 | <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-bis-(2-diethylamino-ethyl)-aniline | 5427-46-3 | C18H33N3 |
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N,N-Di-N-己基苯胺 | N,N-dihexylaniline | 4430-09-5 | C18H31N |
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N,N-(4-甲基-1,3-亚苯基)双马来酰亚胺 | 1,1'-(4-methyl-1,3-phenylene)bis-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione | 6422-83-9 | C15H10N2O4 |
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N,N,N′,N′-四乙基二乙烯三胺 | N,N,N',N'-tetraethyldiethylenetriamine | 123-12-6 | C12H29N3 |
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N,N,N′,N′-四(2-乙基己基)-3-氧戊二酰胺 | N,N,N′,N′-tetra-2-ethylhexyl diglycolamide | 669087-46-1 | C36H72N2O3 |
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N,N,N’,N’-四甲基-1,6-己二胺 | 3,3,4,4-Tetramethylhexan | 5171-84-6 | C10H22 |
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N,N,N’,N’-四乙基乙二胺 | N,N,N',N'-Tetraethylethylenediamine | 150-77-6 | C10H24N2 |
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N,N,N’,N’-四(对氨基苯基)对苯二胺 | N,N,N’,N’-tetrakis (4-amino-phenyl)-1,4-phenylenediamine | 3283-07-6 | C30H28N6 |
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N,N,N’,N’-四(2-羟乙基)己二酰胺 | N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(β-hydroxyethyl)adipic acid diamide | 6334-25-4 | C14H28N2O6 |
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N,N,N’,N’,N’-五(2-羟丙基)二乙三胺 | 1,1',1'',1'''-{[(2-hydroxypropyl)imino]bis(ethylenenitrilo)}tetrapropan-2-ol | 17121-34-5 | C19H43N3O5 |
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