有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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双(3-二甲胺基丙基)胺基异丙醇 | 1-(bis(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)amino)-2-propanol | 67151-63-7 | C13H31N3O |
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双(3,5二甲基4-甲氧苯基)磷 | bis(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphine | 122708-97-8 | C18H23O2P |
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双(3,5-二甲基苯基)氧化膦 | Bis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphine oxide | 187344-92-9 | C16H18OP+ |
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双(3,5-二溴水杨酸)富马酸酯 | bis(3,5-dibromosalicyl)fumarate | 71337-53-6 | C18H8Br4O8 |
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双(3,5-二(三氟甲基)苯基)膦 | bis(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)phosphine | 166172-69-6 | C16H7F12P |
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双(3,5,3',5'-二甲氧基二亚苄基丙酮) | Bis(3,5,3',5'-dimethoxydibenzylideneacetone)palladium(0) | 811862-77-8 | C42H44O10Pd |
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双(2-羰氧苄基)琥珀酸盐 | bis(o-carboxyphenyl)succinate | 578-19-8 | C18H14O8 |
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双(2-甲氧基乙氧基)甲烷 | 2,5,7,10-tetraoxaundecane | 4431-83-8 | C7H16O4 |
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双(2-溴乙基)胺氢溴酸盐 | bis(2-bromoethyl)amine hydrobromide | 43204-63-3 | Br*C4H10Br2N |
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双(2-氰基乙基)苯基膦 | bis(2-cyanoethyl)phenylphosphine | 15909-92-9 | C12H13N2P |
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双(2-氯苯基)甲醇 | bis(2-chlorophenyl)methanol | 6335-15-5 | C13H10Cl2O |
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双(2-氨基乙基)醚N,N,N',N'-四乙酸 | β.β'-Diaminodiethylether-N.N.N'.N'-tetraessigsaeure | 923-73-9 | C12H20N2O9 |
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双(2-二苯基磷苯基)醚 | DPEPhos | 166330-10-5 | C36H28OP2 |
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双(2-乙基己基)磷酸 | bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphite | 3658-48-8 | C16H35O3P |
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双(2-[二(1-金刚烷基)膦基]乙基)胺 | bis(diadamantylphosphino)ethylamine | 1086138-36-4 | C44H69NP2 |
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双(2,4-戊二酮)锰(II)二水合物 | Manganese(II)bis(acetylacetonate) | 14024-58-9 | C10H14MnO4 |
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双(2,4-戊二酮)二氧化钼(VI) | Bis(acetylacetonato)dioxomolybdenum | 17524-05-9 | C10H14MoO6 |
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双(2,4,6-三甲基苯基)氯化磷 | bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)chlorophosphine | 67950-05-4 | C18H22ClP |
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双(2,4,5–三氯水杨酸正代酯)草酸酯 | CPPO | 30431-54-0 | C26H24Cl6O8 |
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双(2,4,4-三甲基戊基)膦酸 | bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid | 83411-71-6 | C16H35O2P |
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双(2,2,6,6-甲基-3,5-庚二酮酸)镍(Ⅱ) | Nickel(II) 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3-5-heptanedionate | 41749-92-2 | C22H40NiO4 |
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双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯氮氧自由基 | bis(1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)sebacate | 2516-92-9 | C28H50N2O6 |
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双(2,2,6,6,-四甲基-3,5-庚二酮酸)镁 | Mg(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedione)2 | 21361-35-3 | C22H38MgO4 |
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双(2,2,6,6,-四甲基-3,5-庚二酮酸)锶(II) | Bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato)strontium(II) | 36830-74-7 | C22H38O4Sr |
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双(2,2,6,6,-四甲基-3,5-庚二酮酸)钡(一水) | barium(2+);(Z)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxohept-3-en-3-olate | 17594-47-7 | C22H38BaO4 |
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双(2,2,6,6,-四甲基-3,5-庚二酮酸)二氯化钛(IV) | Dichlorotitanium;5-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylhept-4-en-3-one | 53293-32-6 | C22H40Cl2O4Ti |
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双(2,2,2-三氯乙基)磷酰氯 | Bis(2,2,2-trichloroethyl)phosphorochloridate | 17672-53-6 | C4H4Cl7O3P |
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双(2,2,2-三氟乙基)亚磷酸酯 | Bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphite | 92466-70-1 | C4H4F6O3P+ |
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双(1H-苯并三唑-5-胺)硫酸盐 | 5-aminobenzotriazole | 3325-11-9 | C6H6N4 |
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双(10-羧癸基)二硫化物 | 11,11'-dithiobis(undecanoic acid) | 23483-56-9 | C22H42O4S2 |
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双(1-金刚烷基)膦酰氯 | di-1-adamantylphosphinic chloride | 126683-99-6 | C20H30ClOP |
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双(1-金刚烷基)氯化磷 | di-1-adamantylchlorophosphane | 157282-19-4 | C20H30ClP |
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双(1-苯并[d]三唑)碳酸酯 | 1,1'-(carbonyldioxy)dibenzotriazole | 88544-01-8 | C13H8N6O3 |
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双(1-丁基-3-甲基环戊二烯基)二氯化锆 | bis(1,3-butyl-methyl-cyclopentadienyl)zirconiumdichloride | 151840-68-5 | C20H30Cl2Zr |
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双(1,5-环辛二烯)镍(0) | Bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)nickel(0) | 1295-35-8 | C16H24Ni |
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双(1,5-环辛二烯)铱(I) 四[3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基]硼酸 | Bis(cyclooctadiene)iridium(I) tetrakis(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)borate | 666826-16-0 | C48H36BF24Ir- |
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双(1,2-双(二苯基膦)乙烷)钯 | bis[1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane]palladium(0) | 31277-98-2 | C52H48P4Pd |
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双((S)-1-苯乙基)胺 | (1S,1'S)-bis(1-phenylethyl)amine | 21003-56-5 | C16H19N |
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去甲烟碱-2-羧酸 | 5'-carboxynornicotine | 3562-11-6 | C10H12N2O2 |
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去甲氧基姜黄素 | 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione | 24939-17-1 | C20H18O5 |
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去甲当药醇甙 | norswertianolin | 54954-12-0 | C19H18O11 |
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去氯氟哌醇 | 4-(4-hydroxy-4-phenyl-1-piperidinyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-butanone | 3109-12-4 | C21H24FNO2 |
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去氯安非他酮盐酸盐 | 2-(N-tert-butylamino)propiophenone hydrochloride | 63199-74-6 | C13H19NO*ClH |
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去氧皮质酮新戊酸酯 | deoxycorticosterone pivalate | 808-48-0 | C26H38O4 |
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去氢莪术二酮 | dehydrocurdione | 38230-32-9 | C15H22O2 |
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去氢氨氯地平草酸酯 | Dehydro Amlodipine Oxalate | 1216406-90-4 | C22H25ClN2O9 |
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去氢毛钩藤碱 | (16E)-16,17,18,19-tetradehydro-17-methoxy-corynan-16-carboxylic acid, methyl ester | 18904-54-6 | C22H26N2O3 |
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去氢乙酸 | 3-acetyl-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one | 771-03-9 | C8H8O4 |
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去氢丹参酮 II A | 1,6,6-trimethyl-6,7-dihydrophenanthro[1,2-b]furan-10,11-dione | 119963-50-7 | C19H16O3 |
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去氢丹参新酮 | 1,2-didehydromiltirone | 116064-77-8 | C19H20O2 |
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