有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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吲哚-4-甲醇 | (1H-indol-4-yl)methanol | 1074-85-7 | C9H9NO |
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吲哚-3-乙醛酰氯 | indolyl-3-glyoxylyl chloride | 22980-09-2 | C10H6ClNO2 |
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吲哚-3-乙酰肼 | 1H-indol-3-acetohydrazide | 5448-47-5 | C10H11N3O |
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吲哚-3-乙腈 | 3-indoleacetonitrile | 771-51-7 | C10H8N2 |
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吲哚-2,6-二羧酸 | indole-2,6-dicarboxylic acid | 103027-97-0 | C10H7NO4 |
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吲哚-2,3-二羧酸二甲酯 | 1H-indole-2,3-dicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester | 54781-93-0 | C12H11NO4 |
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吲哚-1-乙酸 | 1-indolylacetic acid | 24297-59-4 | C10H9NO2 |
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吲哚 | indole | 120-72-9 | C8H7N |
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吩噁嗪 | phenoxazine | 135-67-1 | C12H9NO |
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吩嗪乙基硫酸盐 | phenazine ethosulfate | 10510-77-7 | C2H5O4S*C14H13N2 |
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吡酮酸镁 | Magnesium 5-oxido-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate--5-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (1/1/1) | 62003-27-4 | C10H12MgN2O6 |
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吡格列酮杂质E | Ethyl 3-(4-(2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy)phenyl)propanoate | 868754-42-1 | C20H25NO3 |
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吡格列酮杂质A(EP) | 5-Hydroxy pioglitazone | 625853-74-9 | C19H20N2O4S |
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吡格列酮杂质5 | 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-ol | 1526933-30-1 | C10H13NO |
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吡格列酮 | Ketopioglitazone | 146062-45-5 | C19H18N2O4S |
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吡嗪-2-甲酰氯 | pyrazinoyl chloride | 19847-10-0 | C5H3ClN2O |
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吡喹酮相关物质C | 2-<2-N-(cyclohexylcarbonyl)-N-formyl-amioacyl>-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-one | 125273-88-3 | C19H22N2O4 |
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吡喹酮相关物质B | 2-(Cyclohexylcarbonyl)-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-4H-pyrazino-<2,1-a>-isoquinolin-4-one | 125273-86-1 | C19H22N2O2 |
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吡啶硫酮锌 | zinc pyrithione | 13463-41-7 | C10H8N2O2S2Zn |
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吡啶甲酸锌 | Zinc Picolinate | 17949-65-4 | C12H8N2O4Zn |
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吡啶并[4,3-D]嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮 | pyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione | 16952-65-1 | C7H5N3O2 |
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吡啶并[3,4-D]嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮 | pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione | 21038-67-5 | C7H5N3O2 |
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吡啶-4-磺酰氯 | pyridine-4-sulfonyl chloride | 134479-04-2 | C5H4ClNO2S |
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吡啶-4-乙酸甲酯 | methyl 4-pyridineacetate | 29800-89-3 | C8H9NO2 |
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吡啶-4-乙酸 | 2-(piperidin-4-yl)acetic acid hydrochloride | 73415-84-6 | C7H13NO2*ClH |
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吡啶-3-磺酰氯 | 3-pyridinesulfonyl Chloride | 16133-25-8 | C5H4ClNO2S |
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吡啶-2-磺酰氯 | pyridine-2-sulfonyl chloride | 66715-65-9 | C5H4ClNO2S |
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吡啶-2-甲醛 | pyridine-2-carbaldehyde | 1121-60-4 | C6H5NO |
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吡啶-2-甲酰氯盐酸盐 | 2-picolinoyl chloride hydrochloride | 39901-94-5 | C6H4ClNO*ClH |
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吡啶-2-基甲磺酰氯 | 2-pyridylmethanesulfonyl chloride | 540523-41-9 | C6H6ClNO2S |
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吡啶-2,4,6-三羧酸 | pyridine-2,4,6-tricarboxylic acid | 536-20-9 | C8H5NO6 |
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吡啶-2,3-二甲酰胺 | pyridine-2,3-dicarboxamide | 4663-94-9 | C7H7N3O2 |
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吡唑蒽酮 | pyrazolanthrone | 129-56-6 | C14H8N2O |
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吡唑并[1,5-a]吡嗪-2-羧酸, 4,5,6,7-四氢-4-氧代-,乙酯 | ethyl 4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazine-2-carboxylate | 951626-95-2 | C9H11N3O3 |
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吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-胺盐酸盐 | pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-3-amine hydrochloride | 136548-72-6 | C7H7N3*ClH |
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吡唑啉盐酸盐 | Pyrazolidine dihydrochloride | 89990-54-5 | C3H10Cl2N2 |
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吡唑-3-甲酸 | 1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid | 1621-91-6 | C4H4N2O2 |
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吡唑-3,5-二羧酸单水合物 | 3,5-pyrazoledicarboxylic acid monohydrate | 303180-11-2 | C5H4N2O4*H2O |
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吡哆醛盐酸盐 | pyridoxal hydrochloride | 65-22-5 | C8H10NO3*Cl |
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吡哆素三棕榈酸酯 | 3-hexadecanoyloxy-4,5-bis-hexadecanoyloxymethyl-2-methyl-pyridine | 4372-46-7 | C56H101NO6 |
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吡哆素三己基癸酸酯 | Pyridoxine tris-hexyldecanoate | 564478-51-9 | C56H101NO6 |
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吡咯酯 | 3-(N-tosyl-L-alaninyloxy)-5-phenylpyrrole | 99740-00-8 | C20H20N2O4S |
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吡咯烷酮羧酸铜 | Copper pidolate | 15454-74-7 | C10H12CuN2O6 |
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吡咯烷盐酸盐 | pyrrolidine hydrochloride | 25150-61-2 | C4H10N*Cl |
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吡咯烷二硫代甲酸钠 | 872-71-9 | C5H9NNaS2 |
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吡咯烷乙酸 | pyrrolidinium acetate | 35574-23-3 | C2H4O2*C4H9N |
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吡咯烷-3-基-甲醇盐酸盐 | (pyrrolidin-3-yl)methanol hydrochloride | 644971-22-2 | C5H11NO*ClH |
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吡咯烷-2-甲醇 | 2-hydroxymethylpyrrolidine | 498-63-5 | C5H11NO |
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吡咯烷-2,4-二酮 | Tetramic acid | 503-83-3 | C4H5NO2 |
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吡咯烷-1-丁酸 | 4-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)butanoic acid | 85614-44-4 | C8H15NO2 |
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