摩熵化学
数据库官网
小程序
打开微信扫一扫
首页 分子通 化学资讯 化学百科 反应查询 关于我们
请输入关键词
历史搜索
    热门化合物HOT
    • 喹啉
    • 水杨醛
    • 二溴甲烷
    • 谷胱甘肽
    • L-乳酸
    • 苯巴比妥
    • 辣椒碱
    • 非那明
    • 百草枯
    • 联苯烯
    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯类化合物 酚类

    酚类

    酚类是一大类化合物，它们主要特征是分子中含有一个羟基（-OH）直接连接在苯环上。这类化合物广泛存在于自然界中，并且具有重要的生物、医药及工业应用价值。

    结构与分类

    酚类化合物的基本结构为苯环上的氧原子与羟基相连。根据羟基的位置不同，可将酚分为单酚和多酚两大类：

    • 单酚：每个分子仅有一个酚羟基。
    • 多酚：含有两个或多个酚羟基的化合物。
    生物学意义
    1. 天然来源：酚广泛存在于植物、动物以及微生物中，如咖啡因中的茶酚、儿茶素等。
    2. 抗氧化作用：许多酚类物质具有较强的抗氧化性，能够清除体内的自由基，保护细胞免受氧化损伤。
    3. 抗菌活性：部分酚类化合物展示出显著的抗菌效果，可用于食品保鲜或开发抗生素。
    工业应用
    1. 农药和杀虫剂：利用某些酚类化合物对特定昆虫的选择性毒性进行害虫控制。
    2. 染料工业：许多天然及合成染料都基于酚结构设计而成。
    3. 医药领域：作为原料或药物成分，例如阿司匹林的核心成分水杨酸就属于苯酚衍生物。
    工业生产

    酚类可以通过多种途径制备：

    • 通过煤焦油蒸馏或石油裂解得到的粗酚进行精炼获得。
    • 以苯或其他芳烃为原料，在催化剂作用下与水反应生成苯酚，此过程称为菲林斯勒反应（Fischer–Strassmann反应）。
    注意事项

    尽管酚类化合物具有广泛的应用前景，但它们也可能带来毒性问题。例如强酸性的酚类物质会对皮肤造成刺激甚至腐蚀。因此在使用时需注意安全防护措施。

    以上是对酚类的简单介绍，涵盖了其基本定义、生物学意义及工业应用等方面的内容。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 5-[[ethyl-[(3S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]methyl]-2-methoxyphenol —— C14H22N2O2
    5-[[ethyl-[(3S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]methyl]-2-methoxyphenol
    —— 2-[(1S)-1-[ethyl-[(3R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]ethyl]-4-methoxyphenol —— C15H24N2O2
    2-[(1S)-1-[ethyl-[(3R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]ethyl]-4-methoxyphenol
    —— (3R)-3-[(S)-(6-hydroxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]oxolane-2,4-dione —— C20H18O9
    (3R)-3-[(S)-(6-hydroxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]oxolane-2,4-dione
    —— 6-[(R)-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-morpholin-4-ium-4-ylmethyl]-1,3-benzodioxol-5-ol —— C19H22NO6+
    6-[(R)-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-morpholin-4-ium-4-ylmethyl]-1,3-benzodioxol-5-ol
    —— 3-[(1S)-1-[ethyl-[(3R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]ethyl]phenol —— C14H22N2O
    3-[(1S)-1-[ethyl-[(3R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]ethyl]phenol
    —— 2-[(1S)-1-[ethyl-[(3S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]ethyl]-4-methoxyphenol —— C15H24N2O2
    2-[(1S)-1-[ethyl-[(3S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]ethyl]-4-methoxyphenol
    —— 5-[[ethyl-[(3R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]methyl]-2-methoxyphenol —— C14H22N2O2
    5-[[ethyl-[(3R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]methyl]-2-methoxyphenol
    —— 6-[(S)-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-morpholin-4-ium-4-ylmethyl]-1,3-benzodioxol-5-ol —— C19H22NO6+
    6-[(S)-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-morpholin-4-ium-4-ylmethyl]-1,3-benzodioxol-5-ol
    —— 2-methoxy-6-[[methyl-[(3S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]methyl]phenol —— C13H20N2O2
    2-methoxy-6-[[methyl-[(3S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]methyl]phenol
    —— 2-bromo-6-methoxy-4-[[methyl-[(3R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]methyl]phenol —— C13H19BrN2O2
    2-bromo-6-methoxy-4-[[methyl-[(3R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]methyl]phenol
    —— 2-methoxy-6-[[methyl-[(3R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]methyl]phenol —— C13H20N2O2
    2-methoxy-6-[[methyl-[(3R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]methyl]phenol
    —— 5-fluoro-2-[(1R)-1-[methyl-[(3R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]ethyl]phenol —— C13H19FN2O
    5-fluoro-2-[(1R)-1-[methyl-[(3R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]ethyl]phenol
    —— 5-fluoro-2-[(1S)-1-[methyl-[(3R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]ethyl]phenol —— C13H19FN2O
    5-fluoro-2-[(1S)-1-[methyl-[(3R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]ethyl]phenol
    —— 4-[(1R)-1-[methyl-[(3R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol —— C13H20N2O2
    4-[(1R)-1-[methyl-[(3R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]amino]ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol
    —— 2-[(1S)-1-[[(2R)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]ethyl]-4-methylphenol —— C14H21NO2
    2-[(1S)-1-[[(2R)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]ethyl]-4-methylphenol
    —— 2-[(1R)-1-[[(2R)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]ethyl]-4-methylphenol —— C14H21NO2
    2-[(1R)-1-[[(2R)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]ethyl]-4-methylphenol
    —— 2-[(1R)-1-[[(2S)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]ethyl]-4-methylphenol —— C14H21NO2
    2-[(1R)-1-[[(2S)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]ethyl]-4-methylphenol
    —— 2-[(1S)-1-[[(2S)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]ethyl]-4-methylphenol —— C14H21NO2
    2-[(1S)-1-[[(2S)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]ethyl]-4-methylphenol
    —— 4-[(1R)-1-[[(2S)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]ethyl]-2-methoxyphenol —— C14H21NO3
    4-[(1R)-1-[[(2S)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]ethyl]-2-methoxyphenol
    —— 4-[(1S)-1-[[(2R)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]ethyl]-2-methoxyphenol —— C14H21NO3
    4-[(1S)-1-[[(2R)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]ethyl]-2-methoxyphenol
    —— 4-[(1S)-1-[[(2S)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]ethyl]-2-methoxyphenol —— C14H21NO3
    4-[(1S)-1-[[(2S)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]ethyl]-2-methoxyphenol
    —— 5-[[[(2R)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]methyl]-2-methoxyphenol —— C13H19NO3
    5-[[[(2R)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]methyl]-2-methoxyphenol
    —— 5-[[[(2S)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]methyl]-2-methoxyphenol —— C13H19NO3
    5-[[[(2S)-2-cyclopropyl-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]methyl]-2-methoxyphenol
    —— (4R)-1-cyclopentyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C19H23N3O4S
    (4R)-1-cyclopentyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4S)-1-cyclopentyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C19H23N3O4S
    (4S)-1-cyclopentyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4S)-1-cyclohexyl-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C19H23N3O3S
    (4S)-1-cyclohexyl-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4S)-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-1-propan-2-yl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C16H19N3O3S
    (4S)-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-1-propan-2-yl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4S)-4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-1-propan-2-yl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C16H19N3O3S
    (4S)-4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-1-propan-2-yl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4R)-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-1-propan-2-yl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C16H19N3O3S
    (4R)-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-1-propan-2-yl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4S)-1-cycloheptyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C21H27N3O4S
    (4S)-1-cycloheptyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4S)-1-cyclohexyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C19H23N3O3S
    (4S)-1-cyclohexyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4R)-4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-1-propan-2-yl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C16H19N3O3S
    (4R)-4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-1-propan-2-yl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4R)-1-cyclohexyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C19H23N3O3S
    (4R)-1-cyclohexyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4R)-4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-1-propan-2-yl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C17H21N3O4S
    (4R)-4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-1-propan-2-yl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4R)-1-cyclohexyl-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C19H23N3O3S
    (4R)-1-cyclohexyl-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4S)-4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-1-propan-2-yl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C17H21N3O4S
    (4S)-4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-1-propan-2-yl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4R)-1-cyclohexyl-4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C18H21N3O2S
    (4R)-1-cyclohexyl-4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4S)-1-cyclopentyl-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C18H21N3O3S
    (4S)-1-cyclopentyl-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4R)-1-cyclopentyl-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C18H21N3O3S
    (4R)-1-cyclopentyl-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4S)-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-1-propan-2-yl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C15H17N3O2S
    (4S)-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-1-propan-2-yl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4S)-1-cycloheptyl-4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C19H23N3O2S
    (4S)-1-cycloheptyl-4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4R)-1-cycloheptyl-4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C19H23N3O2S
    (4R)-1-cycloheptyl-4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4R)-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-1-propan-2-yl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C15H17N3O2S
    (4R)-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-1-propan-2-yl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4S)-1-cyclopentyl-4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C17H19N3O2S
    (4S)-1-cyclopentyl-4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4R)-1-cyclopentyl-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C17H19N3O2S
    (4R)-1-cyclopentyl-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4S)-1-cyclopentyl-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C17H19N3O2S
    (4S)-1-cyclopentyl-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4R)-1-cyclohexyl-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C18H21N3O2S
    (4R)-1-cyclohexyl-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4S)-1-cycloheptyl-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C19H23N3O2S
    (4S)-1-cycloheptyl-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4S)-1-cyclohexyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C20H25N3O4S
    (4S)-1-cyclohexyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one
    —— (4S)-1-cyclohexyl-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one —— C18H21N3O2S
    (4S)-1-cyclohexyl-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-3-one