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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— 5-methyl-1-<(phenylthio)methyl>-8-oxabicyclo<3.2.1>octan-3-one —— C15H18O2S
5-methyl-1-<(phenylthio)methyl>-8-oxabicyclo<3.2.1>octan-3-one
—— (1R*,5S*,6R*)-4-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-6-(phenylthio)-8-oxabicyclo<3.2.1>octan-3-one —— C16H18O4S
(1R*,5S*,6R*)-4-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-6-(phenylthio)-8-oxabicyclo<3.2.1>octan-3-one
—— 8-chloro-7-methyl-5,5-dioxo-2H-furo[2,3-c][1,5,2]benzo[f]dithiazepin-2-one —— C11H6ClNO4S2
8-chloro-7-methyl-5,5-dioxo-2H-furo[2,3-c][1,5,2]benzo[f]dithiazepin-2-one
—— 2-((Z)-((E)-3-allyl-5-(6-chloro-3-methylbenzo[d]thiazol-2(3H)-ylidene)-4-oxothiazolidin-2-ylidene)methyl)-3-benzylthiazol-3-ium chloride —— C25H21ClN3OS3*Cl
2-((Z)-((E)-3-allyl-5-(6-chloro-3-methylbenzo[d]thiazol-2(3H)-ylidene)-4-oxothiazolidin-2-ylidene)methyl)-3-benzylthiazol-3-ium chloride
—— 5-[(prop-2-en-1-yl)sulfanyl]-1-(propan-2-yl)-N,N-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-2-amine —— C12H20N2S
5-[(prop-2-en-1-yl)sulfanyl]-1-(propan-2-yl)-N,N-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-2-amine
—— <i>N</i>-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-<i>N</i>'-isopropyl-thiourea —— C9H21N3S
<i>N</i>-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-<i>N</i>'-isopropyl-thiourea
—— 1-isopropyl-3-methoxy-2-methylsulfanyl-1H-pyrrole —— C9H15NOS
1-isopropyl-3-methoxy-2-methylsulfanyl-1H-pyrrole
—— 1,1'-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(3-isopropylthiourea) —— C10H22N4S2
1,1'-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(3-isopropylthiourea)
—— (-)-(R)-O-cyclohept-2-enyl N-isopropylmonothiocarbamate —— C11H19NOS
(-)-(R)-O-cyclohept-2-enyl N-isopropylmonothiocarbamate
—— (+/)-isopropyl-thiocarbamic acid O-((E)-1-methyl-but-2-enyl) ester —— C9H17NOS
(+/)-isopropyl-thiocarbamic acid O-((E)-1-methyl-but-2-enyl) ester
—— (E,Z)-4-ethyl-3,5-dithiaoct-6-ene-2-one —— C8H14OS2
(E,Z)-4-ethyl-3,5-dithiaoct-6-ene-2-one
—— 3-amino-2-amino(cyanimino)methyl-4-cyano-5-methylthiothiophene —— C8H7N5S2
3-amino-2-amino(cyanimino)methyl-4-cyano-5-methylthiothiophene
—— 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-3-[7-(4-methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-[1,4]thiazepin-5-yl]-pyran-2-one —— C18H19NO3S2
4-hydroxy-6-methyl-3-[7-(4-methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-[1,4]thiazepin-5-yl]-pyran-2-one
—— 2-(methylthio)-4,6-di(thiophen-2-yl)pyrimidine —— C13H10N2S3
2-(methylthio)-4,6-di(thiophen-2-yl)pyrimidine
—— methyl 4-((2-(1-(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)phenyl)thio)benzoate —— C24H21N3O4S
methyl 4-((2-(1-(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)phenyl)thio)benzoate
—— (S)-3-(1-(4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylthio)ethyl)aniline —— C11H14N4S
(S)-3-(1-(4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylthio)ethyl)aniline
—— N-[2-(2-{N-[3-(N-methylpiperazinyl)aminopropyl]amino}phenylthio)phenyl]-N'-methylpiperazinylpropylenediamine —— C28H44N6S
N-[2-(2-{N-[3-(N-methylpiperazinyl)aminopropyl]amino}phenylthio)phenyl]-N'-methylpiperazinylpropylenediamine
—— N-[3-(2-{N-[3-(N-methylpiperazinyl)aminopropyl]amino}phenylthio)phenyl]-N'-methylpiperazinylpropylenediamine —— C28H44N6S
N-[3-(2-{N-[3-(N-methylpiperazinyl)aminopropyl]amino}phenylthio)phenyl]-N'-methylpiperazinylpropylenediamine
—— N-[4-(2-{N-[3-(N-methylpiperazinyl)aminopropyl]amino}phenylthio)phenyl]-N'-methylpiperazinylpropylenediamine —— C28H44N6S
N-[4-(2-{N-[3-(N-methylpiperazinyl)aminopropyl]amino}phenylthio)phenyl]-N'-methylpiperazinylpropylenediamine
—— CNF-2024 —— C19H25IN6OS
CNF-2024
—— 2-(but-3-yn-1-ylthio)pyrimidine-4,6-diol —— C8H8N2O2S
2-(but-3-yn-1-ylthio)pyrimidine-4,6-diol
—— but-3-yn-1-yl(4-chlorophenyl)sulfane —— C10H9ClS
but-3-yn-1-yl(4-chlorophenyl)sulfane
—— but-3-yn-1-yl(o-tolyl)sulfane —— C11H12S
but-3-yn-1-yl(o-tolyl)sulfane
—— (2-bromophenyl)(but-3-yn-1-yl)sulfane —— C10H9BrS
(2-bromophenyl)(but-3-yn-1-yl)sulfane
—— 2-(p-chlorophenylthio)-2-fluoroacetonitrile —— C8H5ClFNS
2-(p-chlorophenylthio)-2-fluoroacetonitrile
—— (4S)-4-Isopropyl-2-<(4-methylphenyl)sulfanylmethyl>-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole —— C14H19NOS
(4S)-4-Isopropyl-2-<(4-methylphenyl)sulfanylmethyl>-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole
—— bis((2-fluorophenyl)thio)methane —— C13H10F2S2
bis((2-fluorophenyl)thio)methane
—— 2-((2-fluorophenyl)thio)-1-phenylethan-1-ol —— C14H13FOS
2-((2-fluorophenyl)thio)-1-phenylethan-1-ol
—— [3-(2-fluoro-phenylsulfanyl)-1H-indol-7-yloxy]-acetonitrile —— C16H11FN2OS
[3-(2-fluoro-phenylsulfanyl)-1H-indol-7-yloxy]-acetonitrile
—— 2-(4-dimethylamino-phenylsulfanyl)-benzoic acid ethyl ester —— C17H19NO2S
2-(4-dimethylamino-phenylsulfanyl)-benzoic acid ethyl ester
—— S-(2-methylfuran-3-yl)dimethylcarbamothioate —— C8H11NO2S
S-(2-methylfuran-3-yl)dimethylcarbamothioate
—— 3-((2-methylfuran-3-yl)thio)pentane-2,4-dione —— C10H12O3S
3-((2-methylfuran-3-yl)thio)pentane-2,4-dione
—— 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxymethyl)-2-thiophenesulfonyl isocyanate —— C8H6F3NO4S2
3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxymethyl)-2-thiophenesulfonyl isocyanate
—— 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzo[b]thiophenesulfonamide —— C10H13NO2S2
2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzo[b]thiophenesulfonamide
—— 1-tert-butyl-5-(ethylthio)-1H-tetrazole —— C7H14N4S
1-tert-butyl-5-(ethylthio)-1H-tetrazole
—— 1,3-bis-(tert-butylthioamido)guanidine —— C11H23N5S2
1,3-bis-(tert-butylthioamido)guanidine
—— tert-butyl-thiocarbamic acid S-((R)-(E)-1-ethyl-pent-2-enyl) ester —— C12H23NOS
tert-butyl-thiocarbamic acid S-((R)-(E)-1-ethyl-pent-2-enyl) ester
—— tert-butyl-thiocarbamic acid S-((R)-(E)-1-methyl-but-2-enyl) ester —— C10H19NOS
tert-butyl-thiocarbamic acid S-((R)-(E)-1-methyl-but-2-enyl) ester
—— (-)-(S)-O-cyclohex-2-enyl N-tert-butylmonothiocarbamate —— C11H19NOS
(-)-(S)-O-cyclohex-2-enyl N-tert-butylmonothiocarbamate
—— (+)-(R)-O-cyclohex-2-enyl N-tert-butylmonothiocarbamate —— C11H19NOS
(+)-(R)-O-cyclohex-2-enyl N-tert-butylmonothiocarbamate
—— N-[(2S)-2-hydroxypropyl]-N'-tert-butylthiourea —— C8H18N2OS
N-[(2S)-2-hydroxypropyl]-N'-tert-butylthiourea
—— N-(tert-butyl)-N'-[(1S)-1-cyclohexylmethyl-2-hydroxyethyl]thiourea —— C14H28N2OS
N-(tert-butyl)-N'-[(1S)-1-cyclohexylmethyl-2-hydroxyethyl]thiourea
—— N-(tert-butyl)-N'-[(1R)-1-cyclohexylmethyl-2-hydroxyethyl]thiourea —— C14H28N2OS
N-(tert-butyl)-N'-[(1R)-1-cyclohexylmethyl-2-hydroxyethyl]thiourea
—— N-(tert-butyl)-N'-[(1R)-1-butyl-2-hydroxyethyl]thiourea —— C11H24N2OS
N-(tert-butyl)-N'-[(1R)-1-butyl-2-hydroxyethyl]thiourea
—— N-allyl-N'-tert-butylthiourea —— C8H16N2S
N-allyl-N'-tert-butylthiourea
—— trans-2-butene-1,4-bis(tert-butylthiourea) —— C14H28N4S2
trans-2-butene-1,4-bis(tert-butylthiourea)
—— (+/-)-tert-butyl-thiocarbamic acid O-((E)-1-ethyl-pent-2-enyl) ester —— C12H23NOS
(+/-)-tert-butyl-thiocarbamic acid O-((E)-1-ethyl-pent-2-enyl) ester
—— (+/-)-tert-butyl-thiocarbamic acid O-((E)-1-methyl-but-2-enyl) ester —— C10H19NOS
(+/-)-tert-butyl-thiocarbamic acid O-((E)-1-methyl-but-2-enyl) ester
—— t-butyl-cyclopentylthiourea —— C10H20N2S
t-butyl-cyclopentylthiourea
—— 1,1',1''-(nitrilotris(ethane-2,1-diyl))tris(3-(tert-butyl)thiourea) —— C21H45N7S3
1,1',1''-(nitrilotris(ethane-2,1-diyl))tris(3-(tert-butyl)thiourea)