摩熵化学
数据库官网
小程序
打开微信扫一扫
首页 分子通 化学资讯 化学百科 反应查询 关于我们
请输入关键词
历史搜索
    热门化合物HOT
    • 喹啉
    • 水杨醛
    • 二溴甲烷
    • 谷胱甘肽
    • L-乳酸
    • 苯巴比妥
    • 辣椒碱
    • 非那明
    • 百草枯
    • 联苯烯
    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯类化合物 酚类

    酚类

    酚类是一大类化合物，它们主要特征是分子中含有一个羟基（-OH）直接连接在苯环上。这类化合物广泛存在于自然界中，并且具有重要的生物、医药及工业应用价值。

    结构与分类

    酚类化合物的基本结构为苯环上的氧原子与羟基相连。根据羟基的位置不同，可将酚分为单酚和多酚两大类：

    • 单酚：每个分子仅有一个酚羟基。
    • 多酚：含有两个或多个酚羟基的化合物。
    生物学意义
    1. 天然来源：酚广泛存在于植物、动物以及微生物中，如咖啡因中的茶酚、儿茶素等。
    2. 抗氧化作用：许多酚类物质具有较强的抗氧化性，能够清除体内的自由基，保护细胞免受氧化损伤。
    3. 抗菌活性：部分酚类化合物展示出显著的抗菌效果，可用于食品保鲜或开发抗生素。
    工业应用
    1. 农药和杀虫剂：利用某些酚类化合物对特定昆虫的选择性毒性进行害虫控制。
    2. 染料工业：许多天然及合成染料都基于酚结构设计而成。
    3. 医药领域：作为原料或药物成分，例如阿司匹林的核心成分水杨酸就属于苯酚衍生物。
    工业生产

    酚类可以通过多种途径制备：

    • 通过煤焦油蒸馏或石油裂解得到的粗酚进行精炼获得。
    • 以苯或其他芳烃为原料，在催化剂作用下与水反应生成苯酚，此过程称为菲林斯勒反应（Fischer–Strassmann反应）。
    注意事项

    尽管酚类化合物具有广泛的应用前景，但它们也可能带来毒性问题。例如强酸性的酚类物质会对皮肤造成刺激甚至腐蚀。因此在使用时需注意安全防护措施。

    以上是对酚类的简单介绍，涵盖了其基本定义、生物学意义及工业应用等方面的内容。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 4-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-N(3),N(5)-bis[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,4-dihydro-3,5-pyridinedicarboxamide —— C30H25F6N3O4
    4-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-N(3),N(5)-bis[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,4-dihydro-3,5-pyridinedicarboxamide
    —— 5-[(4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)methylidene]-3-phenyl-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione —— C18H15NO3S
    5-[(4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)methylidene]-3-phenyl-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione
    —— Copper;[2-(2-hydroxypropyliminomethyl)phenyl]oxidanium —— C20H28CuN2O4+4
    Copper;[2-(2-hydroxypropyliminomethyl)phenyl]oxidanium
    —— 4-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-2-(3-methylbutylamino)ethyl]phenol —— C13H21NO2
    4-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-2-(3-methylbutylamino)ethyl]phenol
    —— 5-[(3-Bromo-5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-3-phenyl-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione —— C16H9BrClNO3S
    5-[(3-Bromo-5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-3-phenyl-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione
    —— 5-[(5-Chloro-2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-3-(2-ethylphenyl)-2-(2-ethylphenyl)imino-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one —— C27H25ClN2O3S
    5-[(5-Chloro-2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-3-(2-ethylphenyl)-2-(2-ethylphenyl)imino-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one
    —— 4-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-2-(3-methylbutylamino)ethyl]phenol —— C13H21NO2
    4-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-2-(3-methylbutylamino)ethyl]phenol
    —— Cobalt(2+);[(2-oxoniophenyl)methylideneamino]-pyridin-2-ylazanide —— C24H22CoN6O2+2
    Cobalt(2+);[(2-oxoniophenyl)methylideneamino]-pyridin-2-ylazanide
    —— N-[(5-hydroxy-2-nitrophenyl)methylideneamino]-2-(3-methylanilino)acetamide —— C16H16N4O4
    N-[(5-hydroxy-2-nitrophenyl)methylideneamino]-2-(3-methylanilino)acetamide
    —— 2-[(5-Bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-5-imino-4-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)thiolan-3-one —— C14H9BrN2O2S2
    2-[(5-Bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-5-imino-4-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)thiolan-3-one
    —— 7-ethenyl-8-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3,8a-dimethyl-5,8-dihydro-4aH-naphthalene-1,4-dione —— C22H24O5
    7-ethenyl-8-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3,8a-dimethyl-5,8-dihydro-4aH-naphthalene-1,4-dione
    —— ethyl 5-(3,4-diethoxyphenyl)-2-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-7-methyl-3-oxo-5H-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylate —— C28H30N2O7S
    ethyl 5-(3,4-diethoxyphenyl)-2-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-7-methyl-3-oxo-5H-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylate
    —— N-[(3-hydroxy-4-nitrophenyl)methylideneamino]-2-(3-methylanilino)acetamide —— C16H16N4O4
    N-[(3-hydroxy-4-nitrophenyl)methylideneamino]-2-(3-methylanilino)acetamide
    —— (2Z,5Z)-5-{[4-Hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-(prop-2-EN-1-YL)phenyl]methylidene}-3-(3-methoxypropyl)-2-(phenylimino)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one —— C24H26N2O4S
    (2Z,5Z)-5-{[4-Hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-(prop-2-EN-1-YL)phenyl]methylidene}-3-(3-methoxypropyl)-2-(phenylimino)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one
    —— 3-Benzyl-5-[(3-bromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-2-phenylimino-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one —— C23H17BrN2O2S
    3-Benzyl-5-[(3-bromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-2-phenylimino-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one
    —— N-[1-(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethylideneamino]-3-methylbutanamide —— C13H18N2O2
    N-[1-(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethylideneamino]-3-methylbutanamide
    —— 3,4,5-trihydroxy-N-[1-(3-methylphenyl)ethylideneamino]benzamide —— C16H16N2O4
    3,4,5-trihydroxy-N-[1-(3-methylphenyl)ethylideneamino]benzamide
    —— 2,3,4a,8a-Tetrachloro-6-ethenyl-5-(2-hydroxy-6-methoxyphenyl)-5,8-dihydronaphthalene-1,4-dione —— C19H14Cl4O4
    2,3,4a,8a-Tetrachloro-6-ethenyl-5-(2-hydroxy-6-methoxyphenyl)-5,8-dihydronaphthalene-1,4-dione
    —— 6-benzyl-3-[2-[(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methylidene]hydrazinyl]-4H-1,2,4-triazin-5-one —— C17H15N5O3
    6-benzyl-3-[2-[(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methylidene]hydrazinyl]-4H-1,2,4-triazin-5-one
    —— 3-(2-Hydroxy-4-methylanilino)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one —— C17H17NO3
    3-(2-Hydroxy-4-methylanilino)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one
    —— 3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-5-(1-methylpyridin-2-ylidene)-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one —— C15H12N2O2S2
    3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-5-(1-methylpyridin-2-ylidene)-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one
    —— 2-(2-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-methyl-1,2,5,6,7,8-hexahydro[1]benzothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ol —— C18H20N2O3S
    2-(2-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-methyl-1,2,5,6,7,8-hexahydro[1]benzothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ol
    —— 5-[(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-1,3-thiazol-4-one —— C15H16N2O3S
    5-[(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-1,3-thiazol-4-one
    —— N-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylideneamino]undecanamide —— C19H30N2O3
    N-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylideneamino]undecanamide
    —— 1-(4-amino-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)-N-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylideneamino]-5-[(N-methylanilino)methyl]triazole-4-carboxamide —— C21H21N9O4
    1-(4-amino-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)-N-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylideneamino]-5-[(N-methylanilino)methyl]triazole-4-carboxamide
    —— 5-[(3,5-Dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-3-(2-methoxyethyl)-2-phenylimino-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one —— C19H16Br2N2O3S
    5-[(3,5-Dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-3-(2-methoxyethyl)-2-phenylimino-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one
    —— (5S)-5-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]oxolan-2-one —— C11H12O3
    (5S)-5-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]oxolan-2-one
    —— 2-[(1R)-1-[(1-ethylpyrazol-4-yl)amino]ethyl]benzene-1,4-diol —— C13H17N3O2
    2-[(1R)-1-[(1-ethylpyrazol-4-yl)amino]ethyl]benzene-1,4-diol
    —— 4-[(1S)-1-[(1-ethylpyrazol-4-yl)amino]ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol —— C13H17N3O2
    4-[(1S)-1-[(1-ethylpyrazol-4-yl)amino]ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol
    —— 4-[(1R)-1-[(1-ethylpyrazol-4-yl)amino]ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol —— C13H17N3O2
    4-[(1R)-1-[(1-ethylpyrazol-4-yl)amino]ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol
    —— 2-[(1R)-1-[(1-ethylpyrazol-4-yl)amino]ethyl]-5-methylphenol —— C14H19N3O
    2-[(1R)-1-[(1-ethylpyrazol-4-yl)amino]ethyl]-5-methylphenol
    —— 2-[(1S)-1-[(1-ethylpyrazol-4-yl)amino]ethyl]-4-methylphenol —— C14H19N3O
    2-[(1S)-1-[(1-ethylpyrazol-4-yl)amino]ethyl]-4-methylphenol
    —— 2-[(1R)-1-[(1-ethylpyrazol-4-yl)amino]ethyl]-4-methylphenol —— C14H19N3O
    2-[(1R)-1-[(1-ethylpyrazol-4-yl)amino]ethyl]-4-methylphenol
    —— 2-[(1S)-1-[(1-ethylpyrazol-4-yl)amino]ethyl]-5-methoxyphenol —— C14H19N3O2
    2-[(1S)-1-[(1-ethylpyrazol-4-yl)amino]ethyl]-5-methoxyphenol
    —— 2-[(1S)-1-[(1-ethylpyrazol-4-yl)amino]ethyl]benzene-1,4-diol —— C13H17N3O2
    2-[(1S)-1-[(1-ethylpyrazol-4-yl)amino]ethyl]benzene-1,4-diol
    —— N'-[(3-bromo-5-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylideneamino]-N-(2-methoxyphenyl)butanediamide —— C19H20BrN3O5
    N'-[(3-bromo-5-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylideneamino]-N-(2-methoxyphenyl)butanediamide
    —— 2-(3-Hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one —— C17H17NO4S
    2-(3-Hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one
    —— N-[2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylamino)-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl]-2-[(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)sulfanyl]-N-(2-methylbenzyl)acetamide —— C32H32N4O6S
    N-[2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylamino)-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl]-2-[(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)sulfanyl]-N-(2-methylbenzyl)acetamide
    —— 4-[(Pyrimidin-2-ylamino)methyl]benzene-1,3-diol —— C11H11N3O2
    4-[(Pyrimidin-2-ylamino)methyl]benzene-1,3-diol
    —— 2-[(2-hydroxy-5-nitroanilino)methylidene]-5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione —— C15H16N2O5
    2-[(2-hydroxy-5-nitroanilino)methylidene]-5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione
    —— 8a-bromo-7-ethenyl-8-(2-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-5,8-dihydro-4aH-naphthalene-1,4-dione —— C20H19BrO4
    8a-bromo-7-ethenyl-8-(2-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-5,8-dihydro-4aH-naphthalene-1,4-dione
    —— 5-methoxy-2-[(1R)-1-(1H-pyrazol-4-ylamino)ethyl]phenol —— C12H15N3O2
    5-methoxy-2-[(1R)-1-(1H-pyrazol-4-ylamino)ethyl]phenol
    —— 2-methoxy-4-[(1S)-1-(1H-pyrazol-4-ylamino)ethyl]phenol —— C12H15N3O2
    2-methoxy-4-[(1S)-1-(1H-pyrazol-4-ylamino)ethyl]phenol
    —— 2-[(1R)-1-(1H-pyrazol-4-ylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,4-diol —— C11H13N3O2
    2-[(1R)-1-(1H-pyrazol-4-ylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,4-diol
    —— 4-[(1R)-1-(1H-pyrazol-4-ylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol —— C11H13N3O2
    4-[(1R)-1-(1H-pyrazol-4-ylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol
    —— 4-[(1S)-1-(1H-pyrazol-4-ylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol —— C11H13N3O2
    4-[(1S)-1-(1H-pyrazol-4-ylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol
    —— 2-[(1S)-1-(1H-pyrazol-4-ylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,4-diol —— C11H13N3O2
    2-[(1S)-1-(1H-pyrazol-4-ylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,4-diol
    —— 2-methoxy-4-[(1R)-1-(1H-pyrazol-4-ylamino)ethyl]phenol —— C12H15N3O2
    2-methoxy-4-[(1R)-1-(1H-pyrazol-4-ylamino)ethyl]phenol
    —— 5-methoxy-2-[(1S)-1-(1H-pyrazol-4-ylamino)ethyl]phenol —— C12H15N3O2
    5-methoxy-2-[(1S)-1-(1H-pyrazol-4-ylamino)ethyl]phenol
    —— 4-methoxy-2-[(1S)-1-(1H-pyrazol-4-ylamino)ethyl]phenol —— C12H15N3O2
    4-methoxy-2-[(1S)-1-(1H-pyrazol-4-ylamino)ethyl]phenol