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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 原料药

    原料药

    原料药，通俗来说就是药品的原材料。只有经过加工制成药物制剂，才能成为可供临床应用的医药产品。因此，我们日常服用的药品实际上都是成品药。

    根据来源不同，原料药主要分为化学合成药和天然化学药两大类。

    化学合成药又可以进一步分为无机合成药与有机合成药。无机合成药主要包括无机化合物（个别为元素），例如用于治疗胃及十二指肠溃疡的氢氧化铝、三硅酸镁等；而有机合成药主要是由基本有机化工原料，通过一系列有机化学反应制得的药物，如阿司匹林、氯霉素、咖啡因等。

    天然化学药则按其来源可细分为生物化学药与植物化学药两大类。抗生素通常是由微生物发酵制备得到的，属于生物化学范畴；近年来出现的各种半合成抗生素则是生物合成和化学合成相结合的产品。在原料药中，有机合成药品种最多、产量最大且产值最高，是化学制药工业的主要支柱。

    由于原料药的质量直接影响制剂质量，因此对其质量标准要求极为严格。世界各国对于广泛应用的原料药都制定了严格的国家药典标准及质量控制方法。

    下级分类

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 21-acetoxy-17-hydroxy-pregna-1,4-diene-3,11,20-trione 125-10-0 C23H28O6
    21-acetoxy-17-hydroxy-pregna-1,4-diene-3,11,20-trione
    —— meclofenamate sodium 6385-02-0 C14H10Cl2NO2*Na
    meclofenamate sodium
    —— pranidipine 99522-79-9 C25H24N2O6
    pranidipine
    —— SF-837 A1; YL-704 B1; Espinomycin A2 35457-80-8 C41H67NO15
    SF-837 A1; YL-704 B1; Espinomycin A2
    —— pramipexole dihydrochloride monohydrate 191217-81-9 C10H17N3S*2ClH*H2O
    pramipexole dihydrochloride monohydrate
    —— pramipexole dihydrochloride 104632-25-9 C10H17N3S*2ClH
    pramipexole dihydrochloride
    —— sulfathiazole sodium 144-74-1 C9H8N3O2S2*Na
    sulfathiazole sodium
    —— desmycosin 1401-69-0 C46H77NO17
    desmycosin
    —— 15-[[(6-deoxy-2,6-di-O-methyl-β-D-allopyranosyl)-oxy]methyl]-6-[[3,6-dideoxy-4-O-(2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-α-L-ribo-hexapyranosyl)-3-(dimethylamino)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-16-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5,9,13-trimethyl-2,10-oxo-oxocyclo-hexadeca-11,13-diene-7... 1401-69-0 C46H77NO17
    15-[[(6-deoxy-2,6-di-O-methyl-β-D-allopyranosyl)-oxy]methyl]-6-[[3,6-dideoxy-4-O-(2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-α-L-ribo-hexapyranosyl)-3-(dimethylamino)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-16-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5,9,13-trimethyl-2,10-oxo-oxocyclo-hexadeca-11,13-diene-7...
    —— Penicillin G potassium 113-98-4 C16H17N2O4S*K
    Penicillin G potassium
    —— Benzylpenicillin-Procainsalz 54-35-3 C13H20N2O2*C16H18N2O4S
    Benzylpenicillin-Procainsalz
    —— phytin 3615-82-5 C6H14O24P6*Ca*Mg
    phytin
    —— dipyrone 5907-38-0 C13H16N3NaO4S*H2O
    dipyrone
    —— (3α,7-Keto)-7-keto-lithocholsaeure 4651-67-6 C24H38O4
    (3α,7-Keto)-7-keto-lithocholsaeure
    —— 7-Keto-litocholic acid 4651-67-6 C24H38O4
    7-Keto-litocholic acid
    —— vitamin E 1406-18-4 C29H50O2
    vitamin E
    —— Glimepiride 93479-97-1 C24H34N4O5S
    Glimepiride
    —— valinomycin 2001-95-8 C54H90N6O18
    valinomycin
    —— ethambutol hydrochloride 1070-11-7 C10H24N2O2*ClH
    ethambutol hydrochloride
    —— indomethacin farnesil 85801-02-1 C34H40ClNO4
    indomethacin farnesil
    —— terazosin hydrochloride 63074-08-8 C19H25N5O4*ClH
    terazosin hydrochloride
    —— 4-[(1R,3R,5S,8R,9S,10R,11R,13R,14S,17R)-1,5,11,14-Tetrahydroxy-10-hydroxymethyl-13-methyl-3-((2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-hexadecahydro-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]-5H-furan-2-one 630-60-4 C29H44O12
    4-[(1R,3R,5S,8R,9S,10R,11R,13R,14S,17R)-1,5,11,14-Tetrahydroxy-10-hydroxymethyl-13-methyl-3-((2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-hexadecahydro-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]-5H-furan-2-one
    —— Ouabain 630-60-4 C29H44O12
    Ouabain
    —— ouabain 630-60-4 C29H44O12
    ouabain
    —— radical cation of phenothiazine 92-84-2 C12H9NS
    radical cation of phenothiazine
    —— lithium carbonate 554-13-2 CO3*2Li
    lithium carbonate
    —— iron(II) fumarate 141-01-5 C4H2O4*Fe
    iron(II) fumarate
    —— metamizol 68-89-3 C13H16N3O4S*Na
    metamizol
    —— 1-(5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-1-((3-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)-N-methylmethanamine 1902954-60-2 C19H17F3N2O3S
    1-(5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-1-((3-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)-N-methylmethanamine
    —— L-ornidazole 16773-42-5 C7H10ClN3O3
    L-ornidazole
    —— thiamin chloride hydrochloride 59-43-8 C12H18N4OS*2Cl
    thiamin chloride hydrochloride
    —— lanoconazole 101530-10-3 C14H10ClN3S2
    lanoconazole
    —— dihydroartemisinin 71939-50-9 C15H24O5
    dihydroartemisinin
    —— dihydroartesiminin 71939-50-9 C15H24O5
    dihydroartesiminin
    —— 2-methyl-3-((2<i>Z</i>,7<i>S</i>,11<i>S</i>)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadec-2-enyl)-[1,4]naphthoquinone 84-80-0 C31H46O2
    2-methyl-3-((2<i>Z</i>,7<i>S</i>,11<i>S</i>)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadec-2-enyl)-[1,4]naphthoquinone
    —— artemisinin 63968-64-9 C15H22O5
    artemisinin
    —— artemisinic acid 63968-64-9 C15H22O5
    artemisinic acid
    —— (+)-artemisinin 63968-64-9 C15H22O5
    (+)-artemisinin
    —— ketoconazole 65277-42-1 C26H28Cl2N4O4
    ketoconazole
    —— cisplatin 15663-27-1 Cl2H4N2Pt
    cisplatin
    —— 1-(6-amino-purin-9-yl)-ξ-<i>D</i>-1-deoxy-xylofuranose 58-61-7 C10H13N5O4
    1-(6-amino-purin-9-yl)-ξ-<i>D</i>-1-deoxy-xylofuranose
    —— adenosine 58-61-7 C10H13N5O4
    adenosine
    —— mestanolone 521-11-9 C20H32O2
    mestanolone
    —— 17α-Methyl-5α-androstan-17β-ol-3-on 521-11-9 C20H32O2
    17α-Methyl-5α-androstan-17β-ol-3-on
    —— (E)-5-(2-Bromvinyl)-2'-desoxyuridin 69304-47-8 C11H13BrN2O5
    (E)-5-(2-Bromvinyl)-2'-desoxyuridin
    —— 3β-hydroxy ML-236B 81093-37-0 C23H36O7
    3β-hydroxy ML-236B
    —— pravastatin sodium salt 81131-70-6 C23H35O7*Na
    pravastatin sodium salt
    —— mevastatin 73573-88-3 C23H34O5
    mevastatin
    —— 3-(4-cyclopentylpiperazinyliminomethyl)rifamycin SV 61379-65-5 C47H64N4O12
    3-(4-cyclopentylpiperazinyliminomethyl)rifamycin SV
    —— murepavadin 944252-63-5 C73H112N22O16
    murepavadin