原料药,通俗来说就是药品的原材料。只有经过加工制成药物制剂,才能成为可供临床应用的医药产品。因此,我们日常服用的药品实际上都是成品药。
根据来源不同,原料药主要分为化学合成药和天然化学药两大类。
化学合成药又可以进一步分为无机合成药与有机合成药。无机合成药主要包括无机化合物(个别为元素),例如用于治疗胃及十二指肠溃疡的氢氧化铝、三硅酸镁等;而有机合成药主要是由基本有机化工原料,通过一系列有机化学反应制得的药物,如阿司匹林、氯霉素、咖啡因等。
天然化学药则按其来源可细分为生物化学药与植物化学药两大类。抗生素通常是由微生物发酵制备得到的,属于生物化学范畴;近年来出现的各种半合成抗生素则是生物合成和化学合成相结合的产品。在原料药中,有机合成药品种最多、产量最大且产值最高,是化学制药工业的主要支柱。
由于原料药的质量直接影响制剂质量,因此对其质量标准要求极为严格。世界各国对于广泛应用的原料药都制定了严格的国家药典标准及质量控制方法。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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4-氨甲基苯甲酸 | p-aminomethylbenzoic acid | 56-91-7 | C8H9NO2 |
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4-氨基马尿酸钠盐 | Sodium 4-aminohippurate hydrate | 94-16-6 | C9H10N2NaO3 |
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4-氨基苯胂酸钠盐 | Arsonic acid, As-(4-aminophenyl)-, sodium salt (1:1) | 127-85-5 | C6H8AsNNaO3 |
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4-氨基水杨酸 | 4-Aminosalicylic acid | 65-49-6 | C7H7NO3 |
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4-氨基-N-2-嘧啶基苯磺酰胺-2,3,5,6-d4 | sulfadiazine-d4 | 1020719-78-1 | C10H10N4O2S |
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4-氨基-5-己烯酸 | 4-amino-5-hexenoic acid | 68506-86-5 | C6H11NO2 |
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4-氨基-3-苯基丁酸盐酸盐 | 4-amino-3-phenylbutanoic acid | 1078-21-3 | C10H13NO2 |
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4-氨基-1-甲基-3-正丙基-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺 | URB937 | 1357160-72-5 | C20H22N2O4 |
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4-氨基-1-(2-脱氧-beta-L-赤式-呋喃戊糖基)-2(1H)-嘧啶酮 | L-Deoxycytidine | 40093-94-5 | C9H13N3O4 |
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4-氧代-1,4-丁烷磺内酰胺 | 1,2-Thiazinan-3-one 1,1-dioxide | 913836-20-1 | C4H7NO3S |
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4-异丙基甲苯 | 4-methylisopropylbenzene | 99-87-6 | C10H14 |
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4-己基间苯二酚 | 4-Hexylresorcinol | 136-77-6 | C12H18O2 |
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4-差向土霉素 | (4R,4aR,5S,5aR,6S,12aR)-4-(dimethylamino)-1,5,6,10,11,12a-hexahydroxy-6-methyl-3,12-dioxo-4,4a,5,5a-tetrahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide | 14206-58-7 | C22H24N2O9 |
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4-咪唑乙酸盐酸盐 | Guanabenz acetate | 23256-50-0 | C2H4O2*C8H8Cl2N4 |
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4-咪唑乙酸盐酸盐 | imidazole-4-acetic acid hydrochloride | 3251-69-2 | C5H7N2O2*Cl |
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4-[2-[[3-(9H-咔唑-4-基氧基)-2-羟基丙基]氨基]乙氧基]-3-甲氧基-苯酚 | 4'-Hydroxyphenylcarvedilol | 142227-49-4 | C24H26N2O5 |
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4-[(5S,7S,8S,10S,13R,17R)-3,7,12-三羟基-10,13-二甲基-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-十四氢-1H-环戊二烯并[a]菲-17-基]戊酸 | ursocholic acid | 2955-27-3 | C24H40O5 |
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4-[(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基]苯甲酸二盐酸盐 | 4-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]benzoic Acid Dihydrochloride | 106261-49-8 | C13H20Cl2N2O2 |
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4-[(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基)甲基]-N-[6-甲基-5-[[4-(3-吡啶基)-2-嘧啶基]氨基]-3-吡啶基]-3-(三氟甲基)苯甲酰胺 | flumatinib | 895519-90-1 | C29H29F3N8O |
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4-[(4-氯苯基)甲基]-2-(1-甲基氮杂环庚-4-基)酞嗪-1-酮盐酸盐 | azelastine hydrochloride | 79307-93-0 | C22H24ClN3O*ClH |
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4-[(3-乙炔基苯基)氨基]-6,7-双(2-羟基乙氧基)]喹唑啉 | OSI-943 | 183321-84-8 | C20H19N3O4 |
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4-N-吗啉基磺酰苯基硼酸 | (4-(N-(3-(4-Methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl)sulfamoyl)phenyl)boronic acid | 486422-69-9 | C14H24BN3O4S |
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4-N-(甲基磺酰胺)苯硼酸 | 4-(methylsulfonylamino)phenyl boronic acid | 380430-57-9 | C7H10BNO4S |
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4-(磺酰吡咯啉)苯基硼酸 | (4-(pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)phenyl)boronic acid | 486422-57-5 | C10H14BNO4S |
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4-(硫代吗啉磺酰)苯基硼酸 | [4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylsulphonyl)phenyl]boronic acid | 871329-69-0 | C10H14BNO4S2 |
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4-(砒啶-3-基磺酰)吗啉 | 3-Morpholinosulfonylpyridine | 26103-48-0 | C9H12N2O3S |
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4-(哌啶-1-基磺酰)苯基硼酸 | (4-(piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl)phenyl) boronic acid | 486422-58-6 | C11H16BNO4S |
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4-(5-溴-2-甲氧基苯基磺酰)吗啉 | 4-((5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)morpholine | 325809-68-5 | C11H14BrNO4S |
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4-(5-己基-2-嘧啶基)-苯甲酸 | (+)-biperiden | 514-65-8 | C21H29NO |
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4-(4-甲基哌嗪甲基)苯甲酰氯 | 4-(4-Methylpiperazin-1-ylmethyl)benzoyl chloride | 148077-69-4 | C13H17ClN2O |
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4-(4-溴苯基磺酰)吗啉 | 4-((4-bromophenyl)sulfonyl)morpholine | 834-67-3 | C10H12BrNO3S |
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4-(4-氨基-3-氯苯氧基)-7-甲氧基喹啉-6-羧酸 | 4-(4-amino-3-chlorophenoxy)-7-methoxy-quinoline-6-carboxamide | 417722-93-1 | C17H14ClN3O3 |
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4-(3-硝基苯基磺酰)吗啉 | 4-<3-Nitro-benzol-sulfonyl-(1)>-morpholin | 91619-33-9 | C10H12N2O5S |
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4-(3-溴苯基磺酰)吗啉 | 4-((3-bromophenyl)sulfonyl)morpholine | 871269-13-5 | C10H12BrNO3S |
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4-(2-溴苯基磺酰)吗啉 | 4-((2-bromophenyl)sulfonyl)morpholine | 688798-57-4 | C10H12BrNO3S |
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4-(2,3-二氯苯基)-1,4-二氢-2,6-二甲基-3,5-吡啶二羧酸 3-甲酯 | (+)-4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-methoxycarbonyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid | 123853-39-4 | C16H15Cl2NO4 |
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4-(1-羟基-1-甲基乙基)-2-丙基-1H-咪唑-5-羧酸乙酯 | ethyl 4-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2-propyl-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate | 144689-93-0 | C12H20N2O3 |
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4-(1-吡咯烷基)-1-(2,4,6-三甲氧基苯基)-1-丁酮盐酸盐 | Buflomedil hydrochloride | 35543-24-9 | C17H25NO4*ClH |
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4-(1-丫啶基磺酰基)苯硼酸 | (4-(azetidin-1-ylsulfonyl)phenyl)boronic acid | 871329-68-9 | C9H12BNO4S |
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4,5-二甲基-1,3-二氧杂环戊烯-2-酮 | 4,5-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxole-2-one | 37830-90-3 | C5H6O3 |
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3甲酰利福平霉素 | 3-formylrifamycin SV | 13292-22-3 | C38H47NO13 |
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3Α-羟基-7-氧代-5Β-胆烷酸 | 7-Ketolithocholic acid | 4651-67-6 | C24H38O4 |
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3alpha,7apha,12alpha-三羟基-5beta-胆烷酸钠 | Tauroglycocholic acid, sodium salt | 41945-48-6 | C28H48N2NaO8S |
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3B-羟基-D5-胆烯酸 | 3β-hydroxy-5-cholenoic acid | 5255-17-4 | C24H38O3 |
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3-苯丙醇 | 3-Phenyl-1-propanol | 122-97-4 | C9H12O |
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3-苄基磺酰胺基-4-甲氧基苯硼酸 | [4-Methoxy-3-(phenylsulfamoyl)phenyl]boronic acid | 874219-51-9 | C13H14BNO5S |
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3-硼苯磺酰胺甲酯 | (3-(N-methylsulfamoyl)phenyl)boronic acid | 871329-75-8 | C7H10BNO4S |
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3-硼苯磺酰胺叔丁酯 | N-t-butyl 3-boronobenzenesulfonamide | 221290-14-8 | C10H16BNO4S |
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3-硼苯磺酰胺乙酯 | Ethyl 3-boronobenzenesulfonamide | 871329-76-9 | C8H12BNO4S |
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3-硼苯磺酰胺 | (3-sulfamoylphenyl)boronic acid | 850568-74-0 | C6H8BNO4S |
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