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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 2-methyl-5-(2-nitroethenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C11H11NO3
    2-methyl-5-(2-nitroethenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 2-[(3-bromo-5-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-3H-1-benzofuran-3-ol —— C16H12BrClO3
    2-[(3-bromo-5-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-3H-1-benzofuran-3-ol
    —— 4-Hexyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C14H20O
    4-Hexyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 4-ethyl-3,3-difluoro-7-methyl-2H-1-benzofuran —— C11H12F2O
    4-ethyl-3,3-difluoro-7-methyl-2H-1-benzofuran
    —— tert-butyl N-[amino-[3-[2-[(5-pyridin-2-ylthiophene-2-carbonyl)amino]ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]carbamate —— C26H28N4O4S
    tert-butyl N-[amino-[3-[2-[(5-pyridin-2-ylthiophene-2-carbonyl)amino]ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]carbamate
    —— 2-[5-(1,4,4a,9b-Tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-yl)cyclohex-3-en-1-yl]acetic acid —— C20H22O3
    2-[5-(1,4,4a,9b-Tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-yl)cyclohex-3-en-1-yl]acetic acid
    —— [4-[[2-amino-6-chloro-5-[5-(C,N-dimethylcarbonimidoyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]pyrimidin-4-yl]amino]-2,3-dimethylcyclopentyl]methanol —— C23H30ClN5O2
    [4-[[2-amino-6-chloro-5-[5-(C,N-dimethylcarbonimidoyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]pyrimidin-4-yl]amino]-2,3-dimethylcyclopentyl]methanol
    —— 2-(thiophen-2-ylmethylidene)-3H-1-benzofuran-3-ol —— C13H10O2S
    2-(thiophen-2-ylmethylidene)-3H-1-benzofuran-3-ol
    —— 2-[(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-3H-1-benzofuran-6,7-diol —— C18H18O5
    2-[(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-3H-1-benzofuran-6,7-diol
    —— 6-Chloro-3-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylmethyl)-5,7-dihydroimidazo[1,5-b]pyridazin-8-ium —— C15H15ClN3O+
    6-Chloro-3-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylmethyl)-5,7-dihydroimidazo[1,5-b]pyridazin-8-ium
    —— Ethane;2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C13H22O
    Ethane;2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(2,3-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C26H25NO7
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(2,3-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— 1,2,3,4,4a,9b-Hexahydro-[1]benzofuro[3,2-c]pyridin-6-amine —— C11H14N2O
    1,2,3,4,4a,9b-Hexahydro-[1]benzofuro[3,2-c]pyridin-6-amine
    —— 1-[9-(2-Methylphenyl)-2,3,4,8-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-h][1,5]benzodioxepin-9-yl]-3-[[5-(trifluoromethyl)furan-2-yl]methyl]pentan-1-one —— C29H29F3O5
    1-[9-(2-Methylphenyl)-2,3,4,8-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-h][1,5]benzodioxepin-9-yl]-3-[[5-(trifluoromethyl)furan-2-yl]methyl]pentan-1-one
    —— [7-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl N-benzylcarbamate —— C23H19Cl2NO3
    [7-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl N-benzylcarbamate
    —— N-(3-morpholin-4-ylpropyl)-7,8-dihydrofuro[2,3-g][1,2,4]benzotriazin-3-amine —— C16H21N5O2
    N-(3-morpholin-4-ylpropyl)-7,8-dihydrofuro[2,3-g][1,2,4]benzotriazin-3-amine
    —— 6-Ethyl-2-propan-2-yl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydrofuro[3,2-f][1]benzofuran —— C15H20O2
    6-Ethyl-2-propan-2-yl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydrofuro[3,2-f][1]benzofuran
    —— 4-Ethyl-7-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C11H14O
    4-Ethyl-7-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 1-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-3-[4-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-2-one —— C23H27FN2O3
    1-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-3-[4-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-2-one
    —— 1'-methylspiro[3H-1-benzofuran-2,3'-azetidine] —— C11H13NO
    1'-methylspiro[3H-1-benzofuran-2,3'-azetidine]
    —— 1-[7-(5-Chloro-2-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]ethanamine —— C17H18ClNO
    1-[7-(5-Chloro-2-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]ethanamine
    —— 4-Methyl-1-(4-methyl-6-propyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)imidazole —— C16H20N2O
    4-Methyl-1-(4-methyl-6-propyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)imidazole
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[[4-[(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy]-2,3,5,6-tetramethylphenyl]methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C35H34FNO8
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[[4-[(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy]-2,3,5,6-tetramethylphenyl]methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(2-ethyl-3,5,6-trimethylphenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C29H31NO7
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(2-ethyl-3,5,6-trimethylphenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— [(3S)-6-[[(3S)-7-bromo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl)amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl] propanoate —— C21H17BrF3NO5
    [(3S)-6-[[(3S)-7-bromo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl)amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl] propanoate
    —— 5-(3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-4-(3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-6-yl)-3-(2H-pyran-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C23H24O4
    5-(3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-4-(3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-6-yl)-3-(2H-pyran-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-(3-Morpholin-4-ylpropyl)-6,7-dihydrofuro[3,2-g][1,2,4]benzotriazin-3-amine —— C16H21N5O2
    5-(3-Morpholin-4-ylpropyl)-6,7-dihydrofuro[3,2-g][1,2,4]benzotriazin-3-amine
    —— 5-[(4-anilino-5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl)amino]-N-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide;ethane —— C22H24FN5O2
    5-[(4-anilino-5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl)amino]-N-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide;ethane
    —— [1-[3-(dimethylazaniumyl)propyl]-4,5-dioxo-2-pyridin-4-ylpyrrolidin-3-ylidene]-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methanolate —— C24H27N3O4
    [1-[3-(dimethylazaniumyl)propyl]-4,5-dioxo-2-pyridin-4-ylpyrrolidin-3-ylidene]-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methanolate
    —— 5-(Furan-2-yl)-4-[hydroxy-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methylidene]-1-(oxolan-2-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-2,3-dione —— C23H23NO6
    5-(Furan-2-yl)-4-[hydroxy-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methylidene]-1-(oxolan-2-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-2,3-dione
    —— 5-(Furan-2-yl)-4-[hydroxy-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methylidene]-1-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-2,3-dione —— C24H20N2O5
    5-(Furan-2-yl)-4-[hydroxy-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methylidene]-1-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-2,3-dione
    —— [7-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl N-benzylcarbamate —— C23H19Cl2NO3
    [7-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl N-benzylcarbamate
    —— 4-[Hydroxy-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methylidene]-1-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-5-thiophen-2-ylpyrrolidine-2,3-dione —— C24H20N2O4S
    4-[Hydroxy-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methylidene]-1-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-5-thiophen-2-ylpyrrolidine-2,3-dione
    —— [(1S,2R,3aS,8bS)-7-bromo-5-ethylsulfanyl-1-(phosphanyloxymethyl)-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-2-yl]oxy-tritiophosphane;tritium monohydride —— C14H21BrO3P2S
    [(1S,2R,3aS,8bS)-7-bromo-5-ethylsulfanyl-1-(phosphanyloxymethyl)-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-2-yl]oxy-tritiophosphane;tritium monohydride
    —— ethyl 4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)-2-[[5-(4-formyl-2-methylphenyl)furan-2-yl]methylidene]-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-4H-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate —— C33H28O7
    ethyl 4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)-2-[[5-(4-formyl-2-methylphenyl)furan-2-yl]methylidene]-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-4H-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxo-N-[(2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-4-phenylmethoxyphenyl)methyl]dibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C35H35NO8
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxo-N-[(2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-4-phenylmethoxyphenyl)methyl]dibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— [1-[2-(diethylazaniumyl)ethyl]-2-(furan-2-yl)-4,5-dioxopyrrolidin-3-ylidene]-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methanolate —— C24H28N2O5
    [1-[2-(diethylazaniumyl)ethyl]-2-(furan-2-yl)-4,5-dioxopyrrolidin-3-ylidene]-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methanolate
    —— 4-[Hydroxy-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methylidene]-1-(3-methoxypropyl)-5-thiophen-2-ylpyrrolidine-2,3-dione —— C22H23NO5S
    4-[Hydroxy-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methylidene]-1-(3-methoxypropyl)-5-thiophen-2-ylpyrrolidine-2,3-dione
    —— 5-Chloro-7-(chloromethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1-benzofuran-3,3-diol —— C11H12Cl2O3
    5-Chloro-7-(chloromethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1-benzofuran-3,3-diol
    —— 18-Methyl-7-oxa-18-azapentacyclo[10.6.1.02,15.06,14.08,13]nonadeca-3,8,10,12-tetraene-5,9-diol —— C18H21NO3
    18-Methyl-7-oxa-18-azapentacyclo[10.6.1.02,15.06,14.08,13]nonadeca-3,8,10,12-tetraene-5,9-diol
    —— 6-[2-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)ethenyl]-5-nitro-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione —— C15H13N3O5
    6-[2-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)ethenyl]-5-nitro-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione
    —— 3,3-dibromo-5-chloro-2H-1-benzofuran —— C8H5Br2ClO
    3,3-dibromo-5-chloro-2H-1-benzofuran
    —— (6-Hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl) propanoate —— C11H12O4
    (6-Hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl) propanoate
    —— [[(R)-tert-butylsulfinyl]amino] (2S)-2-[(2R)-3-methylidene-1-benzofuran-2-yl]butanoate —— C17H23NO4S
    [[(R)-tert-butylsulfinyl]amino] (2S)-2-[(2R)-3-methylidene-1-benzofuran-2-yl]butanoate
    —— [7-(2-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl N-benzylcarbamate —— C23H20ClNO3
    [7-(2-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl N-benzylcarbamate
    —— [5-fluoro-7-(2-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate —— C25H24FNO3
    [5-fluoro-7-(2-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate
    —— 6-Ethyl-2-propan-2-yl-2,3,6,7-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-f][1]benzofuran —— C15H20O2
    6-Ethyl-2-propan-2-yl-2,3,6,7-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-f][1]benzofuran
    —— [(1R,2R,3aS,8bS)-5-butyl-1-[(E,3R)-4-methyl-4-phenoxy-3-phosphanyloxypent-1-enyl]-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-2-yl]oxy-tritiophosphane;tritium monohydride —— C27H38O4P2
    [(1R,2R,3aS,8bS)-5-butyl-1-[(E,3R)-4-methyl-4-phenoxy-3-phosphanyloxypent-1-enyl]-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-2-yl]oxy-tritiophosphane;tritium monohydride
    —— (3R,4S)-4-[4-(5-bromopyridin-3-yl)thiophen-2-yl]-3-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)-6-imino-1,4-dimethylpiperidin-2-one —— C24H22BrN3O2S
    (3R,4S)-4-[4-(5-bromopyridin-3-yl)thiophen-2-yl]-3-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)-6-imino-1,4-dimethylpiperidin-2-one
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(2,6-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C26H25NO7
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(2,6-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide