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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 3-[(5-Bromo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)sulfanyl]propanoic acid —— C11H11BrO3S
    3-[(5-Bromo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)sulfanyl]propanoic acid
    —— 2,8-Dihydroxy-5-oxo-1,2,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydro-[1]benzofuro[4,3a-b][1]benzofuran-11-carbaldehyde —— C15H14O6
    2,8-Dihydroxy-5-oxo-1,2,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydro-[1]benzofuro[4,3a-b][1]benzofuran-11-carbaldehyde
    —— ethane;2,2,4-trimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran —— C13H20O
    ethane;2,2,4-trimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran
    —— 1-(5-bromo-3,3-dimethyl-2H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)hexan-1-ol —— C16H23BrO2
    1-(5-bromo-3,3-dimethyl-2H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)hexan-1-ol
    —— 1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-ylmethyl)-N-[(6-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodioxepin-8-yl)methyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)piperidine-3-carboxamide —— C29H38N2O5
    1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-ylmethyl)-N-[(6-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodioxepin-8-yl)methyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)piperidine-3-carboxamide
    —— (7-bromo-3-hydroxy-2,2,4,6-tetramethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl) N-tert-butylcarbamate —— C17H24BrNO4
    (7-bromo-3-hydroxy-2,2,4,6-tetramethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl) N-tert-butylcarbamate
    —— 1-(4-Ethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-4-methylimidazole —— C14H16N2O
    1-(4-Ethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-4-methylimidazole
    —— N,N-dibutyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine —— C16H25NO
    N,N-dibutyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(4-but-2-ynoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C31H31NO8
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(4-but-2-ynoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— 6,7-Dihydrofuro[3,2-g][1,2,4]benzotriazin-3-amine —— C9H8N4O
    6,7-Dihydrofuro[3,2-g][1,2,4]benzotriazin-3-amine
    —— 4-But-3-enyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C12H14O
    4-But-3-enyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-1,1,1-trifluoro-4-methylpentan-2-ol —— C14H17F3O2
    5-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-1,1,1-trifluoro-4-methylpentan-2-ol
    —— 4-[5-chloro-2-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)ethylidene]-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholine —— C20H18Cl3NO3
    4-[5-chloro-2-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)ethylidene]-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholine
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C26H25NO7
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— 4-[2-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)ethylidene]-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholine —— C20H18Cl2N2O5
    4-[2-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)ethylidene]-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholine
    —— N-[2-(5-carbamimidoyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)ethyl]-5-pyridin-2-ylthiophene-2-carboxamide —— C21H20N4O2S
    N-[2-(5-carbamimidoyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)ethyl]-5-pyridin-2-ylthiophene-2-carboxamide
    —— 4-[2-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethylidene]-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholine —— C20H19FN2O5
    4-[2-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethylidene]-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholine
    —— N-benzyl-1-(5-bromo-2,4,6,7-tetramethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-yl)ethanamine —— C21H26BrNO
    N-benzyl-1-(5-bromo-2,4,6,7-tetramethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-yl)ethanamine
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(3-butyl-2,5,6-trimethylphenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C31H35NO7
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(3-butyl-2,5,6-trimethylphenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— methyl (2S,3S)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-5-(3-methoxy-3-oxoprop-1-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate —— C22H22O8
    methyl (2S,3S)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-5-(3-methoxy-3-oxoprop-1-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxo-N-[[2,3,6-trimethyl-4-(phenoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl]dibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C34H33NO8
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxo-N-[[2,3,6-trimethyl-4-(phenoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl]dibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— S-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-ylmethyl) [3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)cyclopent-1-en-1-yl]carbamothioate —— C16H10F9NO2S
    S-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-ylmethyl) [3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)cyclopent-1-en-1-yl]carbamothioate
    —— 3-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-5,7-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one;ethyl 3,5-dichloro-4-hexadecoxycarbonyloxybenzoate —— C44H58Cl2O7
    3-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-5,7-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one;ethyl 3,5-dichloro-4-hexadecoxycarbonyloxybenzoate
    —— 4-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C14H10Cl2O
    4-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (1-carbamoyl-10-methyl-4-oxo-2-pyridin-4-yl-7,8,9,10a-tetrahydro-6H-pyrimido[1,2-a]azepin-10-yl) 2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxylate —— C25H26N4O5
    (1-carbamoyl-10-methyl-4-oxo-2-pyridin-4-yl-7,8,9,10a-tetrahydro-6H-pyrimido[1,2-a]azepin-10-yl) 2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxylate
    —— 2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl formate —— C9H8O3
    2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl formate
    —— [4-[[2-Amino-6-chloro-5-(5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl]amino]-2,3-dimethylcyclopentyl]methanol —— C21H27ClN4O2
    [4-[[2-Amino-6-chloro-5-(5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl]amino]-2,3-dimethylcyclopentyl]methanol
    —— 3-N,3-N-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3,7-diamine —— C10H14N2O
    3-N,3-N-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3,7-diamine
    —— 5-Chloro-2-methylidene-3-(4-methylsulfonylbutyl)-1-benzofuran-3-ide —— C14H16ClO3S-
    5-Chloro-2-methylidene-3-(4-methylsulfonylbutyl)-1-benzofuran-3-ide
    —— (NE)-N-(5-methyl-1-benzofuran-3-ylidene)hydroxylamine —— C9H9NO2
    (NE)-N-(5-methyl-1-benzofuran-3-ylidene)hydroxylamine
    —— 1-[7-(2,5-Dimethylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]ethanamine —— C18H21NO
    1-[7-(2,5-Dimethylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]ethanamine
    —— 1,2-Bis[[5-chloro-7-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-cyclopropyl-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)hydrazine —— C41H44Cl2N2O2
    1,2-Bis[[5-chloro-7-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-cyclopropyl-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)hydrazine
    —— 1-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)-2-pyridin-2-ylethane-1,2-dione —— C15H11NO3
    1-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)-2-pyridin-2-ylethane-1,2-dione
    —— Ethane;methyl 5-[(4-anilino-5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl)amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate —— C22H23FN4O3
    Ethane;methyl 5-[(4-anilino-5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl)amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate
    —— 4-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine —— C13H15NO
    4-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
    —— tert-butyl N-[3-hydroxy-2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-3-(4-methylphenyl)-1-benzofuran-5-yl]carbamate —— C25H33NO4
    tert-butyl N-[3-hydroxy-2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-3-(4-methylphenyl)-1-benzofuran-5-yl]carbamate
    —— N-[[1-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]piperidin-4-yl]methyl]-2-(5-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,3-dihydroimidazol-4-yl)acetamide —— C22H30N4O4
    N-[[1-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]piperidin-4-yl]methyl]-2-(5-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,3-dihydroimidazol-4-yl)acetamide
    —— 1-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)-1-methylpiperidin-1-ium;iodide —— C15H22INO
    1-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)-1-methylpiperidin-1-ium;iodide
    —— 2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-ylmethyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride —— C11H16ClNO
    2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-ylmethyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride
    —— 1-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)-1-methylpiperidinium —— C15H22NO+
    1-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)-1-methylpiperidinium
    —— 2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yloxy(phenyl)phosphinic acid —— C14H13O4P
    2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yloxy(phenyl)phosphinic acid
    —— N-[2-(5-cyano-6-hydroxy-3-methyl-2H-1-benzofuran-3-yl)phenyl]-N-[[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methyl]formamide —— C25H19F3N2O3
    N-[2-(5-cyano-6-hydroxy-3-methyl-2H-1-benzofuran-3-yl)phenyl]-N-[[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methyl]formamide
    —— 2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran;ethane;propane —— C13H22O
    2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran;ethane;propane
    —— (5-chloro-7-thiophen-3-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl) N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate —— C21H18ClNO3S
    (5-chloro-7-thiophen-3-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl) N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate
    —— ethyl 4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-[[5-(3-methylphenyl)furan-2-yl]methylidene]-4H-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate —— C32H28O6
    ethyl 4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-[[5-(3-methylphenyl)furan-2-yl]methylidene]-4H-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate
    —— 7-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C14H11ClO
    7-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 1,2-Bis[[5-chloro-7-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1,2-dimethylhydrazine —— C36H38Cl2N2O2
    1,2-Bis[[5-chloro-7-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1,2-dimethylhydrazine
    —— 14-(Benzylamino)-4-(cyclopropylmethyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-12-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[9.6.1.01,13.07,18]octadeca-7(18),8,10-trien-10-ol —— C28H36N2O3
    14-(Benzylamino)-4-(cyclopropylmethyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-12-oxa-4-azatetracyclo[9.6.1.01,13.07,18]octadeca-7(18),8,10-trien-10-ol
    —— 2-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-4-(4-methylpyridin-3-yl)-1,3-thiazole —— C17H14N2OS
    2-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-4-(4-methylpyridin-3-yl)-1,3-thiazole
    —— Ethyl 3-[5-formamido-4,6-dimethyl-3-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl]prop-2-enoate —— C25H29NO4
    Ethyl 3-[5-formamido-4,6-dimethyl-3-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl]prop-2-enoate