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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 3-[cyclopentyl(3-methylbutanoyl)amino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C27H36N2O7
    3-[cyclopentyl(3-methylbutanoyl)amino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[(2-ethoxyacetyl)-[2-(3-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C28H34N2O7
    3-[(2-ethoxyacetyl)-[2-(3-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— (2R,3S)-2-morpholin-4-yl-3-pentyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ol —— C17H25NO3
    (2R,3S)-2-morpholin-4-yl-3-pentyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ol
    —— (2S,3R)-2-morpholin-4-yl-3-pentyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ol —— C17H25NO3
    (2S,3R)-2-morpholin-4-yl-3-pentyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ol
    —— (2S,3S)-2-morpholin-4-yl-3-pentyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ol —— C17H25NO3
    (2S,3S)-2-morpholin-4-yl-3-pentyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ol
    —— 3-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl-pent-2-enoylamino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C29H32Cl2N2O7
    3-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl-pent-2-enoylamino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[(2-cyclopentylacetyl)-[(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C31H37FN2O7
    3-[(2-cyclopentylacetyl)-[(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl-pent-4-enoylamino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C29H33FN2O7
    3-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl-pent-4-enoylamino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[acetyl-[(4-methylphenyl)methyl]amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C27H32N2O7
    3-[acetyl-[(4-methylphenyl)methyl]amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[furan-3-ylmethyl(pent-4-enoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C25H28N2O6
    3-[furan-3-ylmethyl(pent-4-enoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[acetyl(benzyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C24H26N2O5
    3-[acetyl(benzyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3-[3-methylbut-2-enoyl-[(4-methylphenyl)methyl]amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C30H34N2O7
    8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3-[3-methylbut-2-enoyl-[(4-methylphenyl)methyl]amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 4-[Cyclopropyl(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylmethyl)amino]-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid —— C16H17NO4
    4-[Cyclopropyl(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylmethyl)amino]-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid
    —— Methyl 7-[[5-(3-chlorophenyl)furan-2-yl]methylidene]-3-methyl-8-oxo-17-oxa-6-thia-4,9-diazapentacyclo[8.7.0.01,3.05,9.011,16]heptadeca-4,11,13,15-tetraene-2-carboxylate —— C27H19ClN2O5S
    Methyl 7-[[5-(3-chlorophenyl)furan-2-yl]methylidene]-3-methyl-8-oxo-17-oxa-6-thia-4,9-diazapentacyclo[8.7.0.01,3.05,9.011,16]heptadeca-4,11,13,15-tetraene-2-carboxylate
    —— 4-[(2E,3S)-2-benzylidene-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholine —— C19H18N2O4
    4-[(2E,3S)-2-benzylidene-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholine
    —— 3-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl-(5-oxohexanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C28H30Cl2N2O6
    3-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl-(5-oxohexanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[cyclobutanecarbonyl(3-methylbutyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C25H34N2O5
    3-[cyclobutanecarbonyl(3-methylbutyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3-[2-methoxyethyl(3-methoxypropanoyl)amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C24H32N2O9
    8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3-[2-methoxyethyl(3-methoxypropanoyl)amino]-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl-pent-2-enoylamino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C27H29FN2O5
    3-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl-pent-2-enoylamino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 5-chloro-N-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-methylimidazole-4-sulfonamide —— C13H14ClN3O3S
    5-chloro-N-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-methylimidazole-4-sulfonamide
    —— 3-[2-(3-fluorophenyl)ethyl-(oxolane-3-carbonyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C28H31FN2O6
    3-[2-(3-fluorophenyl)ethyl-(oxolane-3-carbonyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[3-cyclopentylpropanoyl-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C32H39FN2O7
    3-[3-cyclopentylpropanoyl-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 1-[4-[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carbonyl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone —— C15H18N2O3
    1-[4-[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carbonyl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone
    —— 3-[cyclohexyl(pent-4-enoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C28H38N2O7
    3-[cyclohexyl(pent-4-enoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[cyclopropylmethyl(pent-4-enoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C24H30N2O5
    3-[cyclopropylmethyl(pent-4-enoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 1-[4-[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carbonyl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone —— C15H18N2O3
    1-[4-[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carbonyl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone
    —— 6-Chloro-2-(chloromethyl)-5-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C9H7Cl2IO
    6-Chloro-2-(chloromethyl)-5-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 3-[cyclohexylmethyl-(2-methoxyacetyl)amino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C27H36N2O8
    3-[cyclohexylmethyl-(2-methoxyacetyl)amino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-[cyclohexyl(5-oxohexanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C29H40N2O8
    3-[cyclohexyl(5-oxohexanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— (2S)-5-chloro-N-pentan-3-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C14H18ClNO2
    (2S)-5-chloro-N-pentan-3-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— 3-[cyclopropylmethyl(5-oxohexanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C25H32N2O6
    3-[cyclopropylmethyl(5-oxohexanoyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— (2R)-5-chloro-N-pentan-3-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C14H18ClNO2
    (2R)-5-chloro-N-pentan-3-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— (2R,3S)-2,3-dimethyl-N-[3-[(1S)-1-phenylethoxy]propyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide —— C22H27NO3
    (2R,3S)-2,3-dimethyl-N-[3-[(1S)-1-phenylethoxy]propyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide
    —— [(2R,3S)-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl]-[4-[[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]methyl]piperazin-1-yl]methanone —— C26H29N3O3S
    [(2R,3S)-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl]-[4-[[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]methyl]piperazin-1-yl]methanone
    —— (2S,3S)-2,3-dimethyl-N-[3-[(1S)-1-phenylethoxy]propyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide —— C22H27NO3
    (2S,3S)-2,3-dimethyl-N-[3-[(1S)-1-phenylethoxy]propyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide
    —— [(2S,3S)-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl]-[4-[[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]methyl]piperazin-1-yl]methanone —— C26H29N3O3S
    [(2S,3S)-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl]-[4-[[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]methyl]piperazin-1-yl]methanone
    —— (2S,3R)-2,3-dimethyl-N-(6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]azepin-3-ylmethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide —— C19H24N4O2
    (2S,3R)-2,3-dimethyl-N-(6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]azepin-3-ylmethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide
    —— (2R,3R)-2,3-dimethyl-N-(6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]azepin-3-ylmethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide —— C19H24N4O2
    (2R,3R)-2,3-dimethyl-N-(6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]azepin-3-ylmethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide
    —— (2R,3S)-2,3-dimethyl-N-(6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]azepin-3-ylmethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide —— C19H24N4O2
    (2R,3S)-2,3-dimethyl-N-(6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]azepin-3-ylmethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide
    —— N-[(2R)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]-5-methyl-1-(6-oxo-1H-pyridazin-3-yl)pyrazole-4-carboxamide —— C20H21N5O4
    N-[(2R)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]-5-methyl-1-(6-oxo-1H-pyridazin-3-yl)pyrazole-4-carboxamide
    —— 3-[dodecanoyl(hexyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C35H56N2O7
    3-[dodecanoyl(hexyl)amino]-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide
    —— (2S,3S)-2,3-dimethyl-N-[(2-phenyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide —— C21H20N2O2S
    (2S,3S)-2,3-dimethyl-N-[(2-phenyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide
    —— (2R,3R)-2,3-dimethyl-N-[(2-phenyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide —— C21H20N2O2S
    (2R,3R)-2,3-dimethyl-N-[(2-phenyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide
    —— (2S,3R)-2,3-dimethyl-N-[(2-phenyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide —— C21H20N2O2S
    (2S,3R)-2,3-dimethyl-N-[(2-phenyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide
    —— N-[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]-5-(furan-2-yl)-1,2-oxazole-3-carboxamide —— C19H18N2O5
    N-[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]-5-(furan-2-yl)-1,2-oxazole-3-carboxamide
    —— N-[(2R)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]-5-(furan-2-yl)-1,2-oxazole-3-carboxamide —— C19H18N2O5
    N-[(2R)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]-5-(furan-2-yl)-1,2-oxazole-3-carboxamide
    —— 3-[2-(difluoromethylsulfanyl)-6-methyl-4-oxo-1H-pyrimidin-5-yl]-N-[(2R)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]propanamide —— C20H23F2N3O4S
    3-[2-(difluoromethylsulfanyl)-6-methyl-4-oxo-1H-pyrimidin-5-yl]-N-[(2R)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]propanamide
    —— 3-[2-(difluoromethylsulfanyl)-6-methyl-4-oxo-1H-pyrimidin-5-yl]-N-[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]propanamide —— C20H23F2N3O4S
    3-[2-(difluoromethylsulfanyl)-6-methyl-4-oxo-1H-pyrimidin-5-yl]-N-[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]propanamide
    —— (2R,3S)-N-[(S)-(2-methoxyphenyl)-(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)methyl]-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide —— C23H25N3O3
    (2R,3S)-N-[(S)-(2-methoxyphenyl)-(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)methyl]-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide
    —— 3-[cyclohexylmethyl(pent-2-enoyl)amino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide —— C29H38N2O7
    3-[cyclohexylmethyl(pent-2-enoyl)amino]-8-formyl-4-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carboxamide