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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— (S)-8-Acetyl-6,9-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6b-methyl-1,7-dioxo-6b,7-dihydro-1H-4,11-dioxa-2-aza-benzo[a]fluorene-2-carboxylic acid 3-methoxy-benzylamide —— C25H23NO8
    (S)-8-Acetyl-6,9-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6b-methyl-1,7-dioxo-6b,7-dihydro-1H-4,11-dioxa-2-aza-benzo[a]fluorene-2-carboxylic acid 3-methoxy-benzylamide
    —— 3-[(E)-(3-methoxyimino-4,5,6,7-tetramethyl-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene)amino]oxy-2,3-dimethylbutan-2-ol —— C19H28N2O4
    3-[(E)-(3-methoxyimino-4,5,6,7-tetramethyl-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene)amino]oxy-2,3-dimethylbutan-2-ol
    —— 4-Chloro-6-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)pyrimidine —— C13H11ClN2O
    4-Chloro-6-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)pyrimidine
    —— (3S)-3-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-3-[[2-oxo-1-[(2-sulfanylphenyl)methyl]pyridin-3-yl]carbamoylamino]propanoic acid —— C24H23N3O5S
    (3S)-3-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-3-[[2-oxo-1-[(2-sulfanylphenyl)methyl]pyridin-3-yl]carbamoylamino]propanoic acid
    —— 5-Chloro-3,3-dihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-1-benzofuran-7-carbaldehyde —— C11H11ClO4
    5-Chloro-3,3-dihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-1-benzofuran-7-carbaldehyde
    —— ethyl 4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-[[3-ethoxy-4-[(4-formylphenyl)methoxy]phenyl]methylidene]-6-methyl-3-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indene-5-carboxylate —— C38H38O7
    ethyl 4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-[[3-ethoxy-4-[(4-formylphenyl)methoxy]phenyl]methylidene]-6-methyl-3-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indene-5-carboxylate
    —— 4-[(2R)-2-(4-phenylbut-3-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-yl]butan-2-one —— C22H24O2
    4-[(2R)-2-(4-phenylbut-3-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-yl]butan-2-one
    —— 4,6-dichloro-N-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine —— C14H11Cl2NO
    4,6-dichloro-N-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine
    —— 1-[7-(2,5-Difluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]ethanamine —— C17H14F5NO
    1-[7-(2,5-Difluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]ethanamine
    —— [4-(2-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl] N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate —— C24H23NO3
    [4-(2-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl] N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate
    —— N-benzyl-1-[7-(4-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methanamine —— C23H22ClNO
    N-benzyl-1-[7-(4-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methanamine
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxo-N-[(2,3,6-trimethylphenyl)methyl]dibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C27H27NO7
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxo-N-[(2,3,6-trimethylphenyl)methyl]dibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— 1-[[2-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl]methyl]-4-methylpiperazine;ethane —— C20H30N4O
    1-[[2-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl]methyl]-4-methylpiperazine;ethane
    —— 4a-[[4-(2-ethoxy-2-phenylethyl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-6-methoxy-2,3,4,9b-tetrahydro-1H-dibenzofuran-4-ol —— C28H38N2O4
    4a-[[4-(2-ethoxy-2-phenylethyl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-6-methoxy-2,3,4,9b-tetrahydro-1H-dibenzofuran-4-ol
    —— 4a-[[4-(2-Ethoxy-2-phenylethyl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-1,2,3,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-4-one —— C27H34N2O3
    4a-[[4-(2-Ethoxy-2-phenylethyl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-1,2,3,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-4-one
    —— 4a-[[4-(2-ethoxy-2-phenylethyl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-8-methoxy-2,3,4,9b-tetrahydro-1H-dibenzofuran-4-ol —— C28H38N2O4
    4a-[[4-(2-ethoxy-2-phenylethyl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-8-methoxy-2,3,4,9b-tetrahydro-1H-dibenzofuran-4-ol
    —— 4a-[[4-(2-methoxy-2-phenylethyl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-2,3,4,9b-tetrahydro-1H-dibenzofuran-4-ol —— C26H34N2O3
    4a-[[4-(2-methoxy-2-phenylethyl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-2,3,4,9b-tetrahydro-1H-dibenzofuran-4-ol
    —— 4a-[[4-(2-ethoxy-2-phenylethyl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-8-fluoro-2,3,4,9b-tetrahydro-1H-dibenzofuran-4-ol —— C27H35FN2O3
    4a-[[4-(2-ethoxy-2-phenylethyl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-8-fluoro-2,3,4,9b-tetrahydro-1H-dibenzofuran-4-ol
    —— 4-Bromo-2-methoxy-11-oxo-16-oxatetracyclo[11.2.1.05,15.09,14]hexadeca-1(15),2,4,9(14)-tetraene-6-carboxamide —— C17H16BrNO4
    4-Bromo-2-methoxy-11-oxo-16-oxatetracyclo[11.2.1.05,15.09,14]hexadeca-1(15),2,4,9(14)-tetraene-6-carboxamide
    —— 4-(4-Methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H14O
    4-(4-Methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 4-[4-[(5-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methoxy]-3-fluorophenyl]-2,3-dimethylbutanoic acid —— C23H26ClFO4
    4-[4-[(5-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methoxy]-3-fluorophenyl]-2,3-dimethylbutanoic acid
    —— 1-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-3-(dimethylamino)propan-1-one —— C13H17NO2
    1-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-3-(dimethylamino)propan-1-one
    —— 5-Bromo-7-ethyl-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C11H13BrO
    5-Bromo-7-ethyl-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 8'-ethylidene-4,6-difluorospiro[2H-1-benzofuran-3,3'-6,7-dihydro-5H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]pyridine] —— C15H14F2N2O2
    8'-ethylidene-4,6-difluorospiro[2H-1-benzofuran-3,3'-6,7-dihydro-5H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]pyridine]
    —— 6-(2-Methylbutan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-ol —— C13H18O2
    6-(2-Methylbutan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-ol
    —— 3-(4-Cyclohexylphenyl)-4,6,7-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-amine —— C23H29NO
    3-(4-Cyclohexylphenyl)-4,6,7-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-amine
    —— 1-(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-3-piperidin-1-ylpropan-1-one —— C18H25NO2
    1-(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-3-piperidin-1-ylpropan-1-one
    —— 2,2,6-Triamino-3,3,4,7-tetrahydroxy-1-benzofuran-5-sulfonyl chloride —— C8H10ClN3O7S
    2,2,6-Triamino-3,3,4,7-tetrahydroxy-1-benzofuran-5-sulfonyl chloride
    —— (7-Chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-yl) hydrogen carbonate —— C9H7ClO4
    (7-Chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-yl) hydrogen carbonate
    —— 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 2-(8,9b-dimethyl-4,4a-dihydrodibenzofuran-3-ylidene)acetate;hydron;chloride —— C22H30ClNO3
    2-(diethylamino)ethyl 2-(8,9b-dimethyl-4,4a-dihydrodibenzofuran-3-ylidene)acetate;hydron;chloride
    —— hydron;2-morpholin-4-ylethyl 2-(8,9b-dimethyl-4,4a-dihydrodibenzofuran-3-ylidene)acetate;chloride —— C22H28ClNO4
    hydron;2-morpholin-4-ylethyl 2-(8,9b-dimethyl-4,4a-dihydrodibenzofuran-3-ylidene)acetate;chloride
    —— hydron;2-piperidin-1-ylethyl 2-(8,9b-dimethyl-4,4a-dihydrodibenzofuran-3-ylidene)acetate;chloride —— C23H30ClNO3
    hydron;2-piperidin-1-ylethyl 2-(8,9b-dimethyl-4,4a-dihydrodibenzofuran-3-ylidene)acetate;chloride
    —— 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-(8,9b-dimethyl-4,4a-dihydrodibenzofuran-3-ylidene)acetate;hydron;chloride —— C20H26ClNO3
    2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-(8,9b-dimethyl-4,4a-dihydrodibenzofuran-3-ylidene)acetate;hydron;chloride
    —— 2-Dimethylaminoethyl 8,9b-dimethyl-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydro-Δ<sup>3(4H)α</sup>-dibenzofuranacetate —— C20H25NO3
    2-Dimethylaminoethyl 8,9b-dimethyl-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydro-Δ<sup>3(4H)α</sup>-dibenzofuranacetate
    —— 5-chloro-N-methyl-7-thiophen-3-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-amine —— C13H12ClNOS
    5-chloro-N-methyl-7-thiophen-3-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-amine
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-1-ethoxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C19H19NO7
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-1-ethoxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— ethane;2,3,3,7-tetramethyl-2H-1-benzofuran —— C14H22O
    ethane;2,3,3,7-tetramethyl-2H-1-benzofuran
    —— 2-(3,3-dimethyl-5-prop-1-enyl-2H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-3-phenylmethoxypyrazine —— C24H24N2O2
    2-(3,3-dimethyl-5-prop-1-enyl-2H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-3-phenylmethoxypyrazine
    —— 6-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C14H11ClO
    6-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-N-[(4-methylphenyl)methyl]-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C25H23NO7
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-N-[(4-methylphenyl)methyl]-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— 1-(4-methoxy-3,3-dimethyl-5-prop-1-enyl-2H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-dione —— C18H20N2O4
    1-(4-methoxy-3,3-dimethyl-5-prop-1-enyl-2H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-dione
    —— 3,3-dimethyl-2H-1-benzofuran-2-carbaldehyde —— C11H12O2
    3,3-dimethyl-2H-1-benzofuran-2-carbaldehyde
    —— ethane;2,2,3,7-tetramethyl-3H-1-benzofuran —— C14H22O
    ethane;2,2,3,7-tetramethyl-3H-1-benzofuran
    —— 3-benzyl-2-[3-benzyl-2-[5-(cyclohexa-1,3-dien-1-ylmethyl)-1,4-dioxin-2-yl]-4-oxo-1,3-thiazolidin-2-yl]-2-(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one —— C41H40N2O5S2
    3-benzyl-2-[3-benzyl-2-[5-(cyclohexa-1,3-dien-1-ylmethyl)-1,4-dioxin-2-yl]-4-oxo-1,3-thiazolidin-2-yl]-2-(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one
    —— Methyl 2-[(5-methyl-7-sulfanyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)oxy]acetate —— C12H14O4S
    Methyl 2-[(5-methyl-7-sulfanyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)oxy]acetate
    —— 4-Methoxy-3-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H14O2
    4-Methoxy-3-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 3-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-5,7-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one;ethyl 3,5-dichloro-4-hexadecanoyloxybenzoate;ethyl 3,5-dichloro-4-hexadecoxycarbonyloxybenzoate —— C69H96Cl4O11
    3-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-5,7-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one;ethyl 3,5-dichloro-4-hexadecanoyloxybenzoate;ethyl 3,5-dichloro-4-hexadecoxycarbonyloxybenzoate
    —— 4-Methyl-2,4,4a,6,6a,11a-hexahydro-[1]benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-3-one —— C16H16O3
    4-Methyl-2,4,4a,6,6a,11a-hexahydro-[1]benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-3-one
    —— 1-[7-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]ethanamine —— C16H15Cl2NO
    1-[7-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]ethanamine
    —— 7-ethyl-3,3-difluoro-4-methyl-2H-1-benzofuran —— C11H12F2O
    7-ethyl-3,3-difluoro-4-methyl-2H-1-benzofuran