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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— N-[2-[2-[(3-fluorophenyl)methylcarbamoylamino]-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C22H21FN4O3S
    N-[2-[2-[(3-fluorophenyl)methylcarbamoylamino]-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— 4-(chloromethyl)-2-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-5-methyl-1H-imidazole;ethane —— C15H19ClN2O
    4-(chloromethyl)-2-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-5-methyl-1H-imidazole;ethane
    —— (5-chloro-7-cyclohexyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl) N,N-dimethylcarbamate —— C17H22ClNO3
    (5-chloro-7-cyclohexyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl) N,N-dimethylcarbamate
    —— Ethane;(5-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)methanol —— C12H18O3
    Ethane;(5-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)methanol
    —— Ethane;2,2,3,3,7-pentamethyl-1-benzofuran —— C15H24O
    Ethane;2,2,3,3,7-pentamethyl-1-benzofuran
    —— [(3S)-6-[(5-bromo-6-oxocyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-ylidene)methylamino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl] propanoate —— C18H16BrNO4
    [(3S)-6-[(5-bromo-6-oxocyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-ylidene)methylamino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl] propanoate
    —— N-ethyl-N-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine —— C11H15NO
    N-ethyl-N-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine
    —— 1-[2-(5-Methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)ethyl]cyclopropane-1-carboxamide —— C15H19NO3
    1-[2-(5-Methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)ethyl]cyclopropane-1-carboxamide
    —— 5-chloro-7-[(2,6-difluorophenoxy)methyl]-2,3,3-trimethyl-2H-1-benzofuran —— C18H17ClF2O2
    5-chloro-7-[(2,6-difluorophenoxy)methyl]-2,3,3-trimethyl-2H-1-benzofuran
    —— 3-[[4',5'-di(ethylidene)-2'-oxospiro[5,6-dihydro-2H-furo[3,2-f][1]benzofuran-3,3'-pyrrolidine]-1'-yl]methyl]-N-propan-2-ylpyrrolidine-1-carboxamide —— C26H33N3O4
    3-[[4',5'-di(ethylidene)-2'-oxospiro[5,6-dihydro-2H-furo[3,2-f][1]benzofuran-3,3'-pyrrolidine]-1'-yl]methyl]-N-propan-2-ylpyrrolidine-1-carboxamide
    —— 1,2-Bis[[5-fluoro-7-(2-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1,2-dimethylhydrazine —— C34H34F2N2O2
    1,2-Bis[[5-fluoro-7-(2-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1,2-dimethylhydrazine
    —— ethane;3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one —— C19H24O3
    ethane;3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one
    —— 3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-6-(nitrosomethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H12FNO2
    3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-6-(nitrosomethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— tert-butyl N-[2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-3-(4-methylphenyl)-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl]carbamate —— C25H33NO3
    tert-butyl N-[2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-3-(4-methylphenyl)-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl]carbamate
    —— 5-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylmethylidene)-2-[2-methylpropyl(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)amino]-1,3-thiazol-4-one —— C19H19N3O2S2
    5-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylmethylidene)-2-[2-methylpropyl(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)amino]-1,3-thiazol-4-one
    —— 4-butyl-3,3-difluoro-7-methyl-2H-1-benzofuran —— C13H16F2O
    4-butyl-3,3-difluoro-7-methyl-2H-1-benzofuran
    —— [7-(3-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl] N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate —— C23H20ClNO3
    [7-(3-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl] N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate
    —— [5-(5-Chloropentyl)-7-(2-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methanamine —— C20H23Cl2NO
    [5-(5-Chloropentyl)-7-(2-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methanamine
    —— Ethyl 2-[[5-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]oxy]acetate —— C14H14N2O5
    Ethyl 2-[[5-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]oxy]acetate
    —— 2-(2-aminoimidazol-1-yl)-N,N'-bis[[1-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]piperidin-4-yl]methyl]-3-(2-nitroimidazol-1-yl)butanediamide —— C44H58N10O6
    2-(2-aminoimidazol-1-yl)-N,N'-bis[[1-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]piperidin-4-yl]methyl]-3-(2-nitroimidazol-1-yl)butanediamide
    —— 2,2-dimethyl-N-(10-methyl-4-oxo-2-pyrimidin-4-yl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrimido[1,2-a]azepin-10-yl)-3H-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide —— C25H27N5O3
    2,2-dimethyl-N-(10-methyl-4-oxo-2-pyrimidin-4-yl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrimido[1,2-a]azepin-10-yl)-3H-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide
    —— 4-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C14H11FO
    4-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 3-[(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)(methyl)amino]propanenitrile —— C13H16N2O
    3-[(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)(methyl)amino]propanenitrile
    —— 2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl-N,N,N-trimethylmethanaminium —— C12H18NO+
    2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl-N,N,N-trimethylmethanaminium
    —— 2-[(1,4-Dihydroisoquinolin-5-ylamino)methyl]-1,1,1-trifluoro-4-(5-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-4-methylpentan-2-ol —— C24H26F4N2O2
    2-[(1,4-Dihydroisoquinolin-5-ylamino)methyl]-1,1,1-trifluoro-4-(5-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-4-methylpentan-2-ol
    —— 4-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)-4-methylmorpholin-4-ium —— C14H20NO2+
    4-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)-4-methylmorpholin-4-ium
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(2,5-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C26H25NO7
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(2,5-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— 2-[[3-(2-phenylethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methyl]-3-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)butanamide —— C25H28N2O2
    2-[[3-(2-phenylethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methyl]-3-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)butanamide
    —— ethyl 4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-6-propyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate —— C20H23N3O3
    ethyl 4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-6-propyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate
    —— 1-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)piperidine —— C14H19NO
    1-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)piperidine
    —— methyl N-benzyl-N-[[7-(2-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]carbamate —— C25H25NO3
    methyl N-benzyl-N-[[7-(2-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]carbamate
    —— (10,14-Dimethoxy-4,16-dimethyl-12-oxa-4-azapentacyclo[9.7.1.01,13.05,17.07,19]nonadeca-7(19),8,10-trien-15-yl)methanol —— C22H31NO4
    (10,14-Dimethoxy-4,16-dimethyl-12-oxa-4-azapentacyclo[9.7.1.01,13.05,17.07,19]nonadeca-7(19),8,10-trien-15-yl)methanol
    —— tert-butyl N-(4,6-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)carbamate —— C15H21NO3
    tert-butyl N-(4,6-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)carbamate
    —— [7-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl N-benzylcarbamate —— C24H21Cl2NO3
    [7-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl N-benzylcarbamate
    —— [7-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl] N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate —— C23H19ClFNO3
    [7-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl] N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate
    —— (2S)-N-[2-[(3S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-phenylethyl]-N-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C22H26N2O3
    (2S)-N-[2-[(3S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-phenylethyl]-N-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— N-[(7-ethyl-3,3-difluoro-4-methyl-2H-1-benzofuran-2-yl)methyldiazenyl]-N-methylmethanamine —— C14H19F2N3O
    N-[(7-ethyl-3,3-difluoro-4-methyl-2H-1-benzofuran-2-yl)methyldiazenyl]-N-methylmethanamine
    —— ethyl 4-(5-chloro-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-6-propyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate —— C21H24ClN3O3
    ethyl 4-(5-chloro-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-6-propyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate
    —— N-(5-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-2H-1-benzofuran-6-yl)-2-(methyliminomethyl)-3-oxobutanamide —— C20H28N2O4
    N-(5-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-2H-1-benzofuran-6-yl)-2-(methyliminomethyl)-3-oxobutanamide
    —— Ethane;5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C11H16O
    Ethane;5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-N-[(4-methoxy-2,3-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C27H27NO8
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-N-[(4-methoxy-2,3-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— 4-[2-[4-[2-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)oxiran-2-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-hydroxyethyl]-5-fluoro-2-methoxybenzonitrile —— C24H26FN3O4
    4-[2-[4-[2-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)oxiran-2-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-hydroxyethyl]-5-fluoro-2-methoxybenzonitrile
    —— N-[3-[(3aS)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-carbonyl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-1-phenylpropyl]oxolane-3-carboxamide —— C29H35N3O4
    N-[3-[(3aS)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-carbonyl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2-yl]-1-phenylpropyl]oxolane-3-carboxamide
    —— tert-butyl N-[amino-[3-[2-[(4-butylcyclohexanecarbonyl)amino]ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]carbamate —— C27H41N3O4
    tert-butyl N-[amino-[3-[2-[(4-butylcyclohexanecarbonyl)amino]ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]carbamate
    —— (2R)-4-[(2R)-2-(nitrosomethyl)cyclopropyl]-2-(4-phenylbutyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C22H25NO2
    (2R)-4-[(2R)-2-(nitrosomethyl)cyclopropyl]-2-(4-phenylbutyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 7-(2,6-Dichlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C14H10Cl2O
    7-(2,6-Dichlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5,7-ditert-butyl-3-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-1-phenyl-3H-indol-2-one;2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl 3-(5,7-dimethyl-2-oxo-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl)benzoate —— C53H57NO7
    5,7-ditert-butyl-3-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-1-phenyl-3H-indol-2-one;2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl 3-(5,7-dimethyl-2-oxo-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl)benzoate
    —— 2-[3-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)pyrrolidin-2-yl]pyridine —— C17H18N2O
    2-[3-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)pyrrolidin-2-yl]pyridine
    —— [7-(2-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate —— C24H22ClNO3
    [7-(2-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate
    —— [5-chloro-7-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl N-benzylcarbamate —— C25H24ClNO3
    [5-chloro-7-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl N-benzylcarbamate