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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— [(3S)-6-[[(3S)-7-bromo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl] propanoate —— C19H18BrNO4
    [(3S)-6-[[(3S)-7-bromo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl] propanoate
    —— 2-(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl)-1H-imidazole —— C13H14N2O
    2-(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl)-1H-imidazole
    —— 2-[[3-(2-phenylethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methyl]-3-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)propanamide —— C24H26N2O2
    2-[[3-(2-phenylethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methyl]-3-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)propanamide
    —— (3S)-1-[6-amino-4-(formamidomethyl)-2-methyl-3-methylidene-2H-pyridin-5-yl]-3-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)-2-oxo-5-(sulfinoamino)azepane —— C23H29N5O5S
    (3S)-1-[6-amino-4-(formamidomethyl)-2-methyl-3-methylidene-2H-pyridin-5-yl]-3-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)-2-oxo-5-(sulfinoamino)azepane
    —— (3S)-1-[6-amino-4-(formamidomethyl)-2-methyl-3-methylidene-2H-pyridin-5-yl]-3-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)-2-oxo-5-(sulfinatoamino)azepane —— C23H28N5O5S-
    (3S)-1-[6-amino-4-(formamidomethyl)-2-methyl-3-methylidene-2H-pyridin-5-yl]-3-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)-2-oxo-5-(sulfinatoamino)azepane
    —— 2-(Cyclopropylamino)-4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile —— C16H14N4O
    2-(Cyclopropylamino)-4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile
    —— 2-methyl-N-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide —— C13H12N2O2S
    2-methyl-N-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide
    —— [7-(4-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl] N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate —— C24H23NO3
    [7-(4-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl] N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(2,3-difluorophenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C24H19F2NO7
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(2,3-difluorophenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-3-ethoxy-1-hydroxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C18H17NO7
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-3-ethoxy-1-hydroxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— 2-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-yl)pyridine —— C13H11NO
    2-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-yl)pyridine
    —— 4-(2-Fluorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C14H11FO
    4-(2-Fluorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 6-Hexa-1,3,5-trien-3-yl-12-methyl-2-oxa-10,12-diazahexacyclo[12.8.1.01,9.03,8.09,13.015,20]tricosa-3(8),4,6,10,13,15,17,19-octaen-11-amine —— C27H25N3O
    6-Hexa-1,3,5-trien-3-yl-12-methyl-2-oxa-10,12-diazahexacyclo[12.8.1.01,9.03,8.09,13.015,20]tricosa-3(8),4,6,10,13,15,17,19-octaen-11-amine
    —— tert-butyl N-[[(2R)-5-amino-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]carbamate —— C14H20N2O3
    tert-butyl N-[[(2R)-5-amino-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]carbamate
    —— [(3S)-6-[[(3S)-7-[(5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl)amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl] propanoate —— C26H21F4N3O5
    [(3S)-6-[[(3S)-7-[(5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl)amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl] propanoate
    —— 3-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ylmethyl)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C18H18O2
    3-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ylmethyl)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 1-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4-[(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methylidene]pyrazolidine-3,5-dione —— C19H14Cl2N2O3
    1-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4-[(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methylidene]pyrazolidine-3,5-dione
    —— 1-(4-Bromophenyl)-4-[(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methylidene]pyrazolidine-3,5-dione —— C19H15BrN2O3
    1-(4-Bromophenyl)-4-[(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methylidene]pyrazolidine-3,5-dione
    —— ethyl 4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)-2-[[5-(5-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl)furan-2-yl]methylidene]-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-4H-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate —— C33H28O8
    ethyl 4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)-2-[[5-(5-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl)furan-2-yl]methylidene]-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-4H-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate
    —— 4-(2-Fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine —— C11H9FN2OS
    4-(2-Fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine
    —— 10-Hydroxy-2,8-dioxapentacyclo[11.3.2.03,15.07,15.09,14]octadeca-9,11,13-trien-5-one —— C16H16O4
    10-Hydroxy-2,8-dioxapentacyclo[11.3.2.03,15.07,15.09,14]octadeca-9,11,13-trien-5-one
    —— [5a,10b-Bis(4-bromophenyl)-3-(1,1-difluoroethyl-methylidene-oxo-lambda6-sulfanyl)oxy-[1]benzofuro[2,3-b][1]benzofuran-8-yl] trifluoromethanesulfinate —— C30H19Br2F5O6S2
    [5a,10b-Bis(4-bromophenyl)-3-(1,1-difluoroethyl-methylidene-oxo-lambda6-sulfanyl)oxy-[1]benzofuro[2,3-b][1]benzofuran-8-yl] trifluoromethanesulfinate
    —— ethyl 4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-[[5-(3,4,5-trimethylphenyl)furan-2-yl]methylidene]-4H-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate —— C34H32O6
    ethyl 4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-[[5-(3,4,5-trimethylphenyl)furan-2-yl]methylidene]-4H-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate
    —— 3-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-yl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropan-1-amine —— C13H17NO
    3-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-yl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropan-1-amine
    —— 1-(7-Pyridin-3-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)ethanamine —— C15H16N2O
    1-(7-Pyridin-3-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)ethanamine
    —— (7-cyclopentyl-2-oxo-3-phenyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl) 10-(7-cyclopentyl-2-oxo-3-phenyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-10-oxodecanoate;3-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6-methyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one;5-[2-(2-hexoxyethoxy)ethoxy]-7-methyl-3-phenyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one —— C90H98O14
    (7-cyclopentyl-2-oxo-3-phenyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl) 10-(7-cyclopentyl-2-oxo-3-phenyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-10-oxodecanoate;3-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6-methyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one;5-[2-(2-hexoxyethoxy)ethoxy]-7-methyl-3-phenyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one
    —— 7-Fluoro-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C9H9FO
    7-Fluoro-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 4-(2,2-dimethylpropyl)-7-ethyl-3,3-difluoro-2H-1-benzofuran —— C15H20F2O
    4-(2,2-dimethylpropyl)-7-ethyl-3,3-difluoro-2H-1-benzofuran
    —— tert-butyl N-[4,6,7-trimethyl-3-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]carbamate —— C25H33NO3
    tert-butyl N-[4,6,7-trimethyl-3-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]carbamate
    —— 3-Butan-2-ylidene-5-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenyl)spiro[1-benzofuran-2,7'-5,6,8,9-tetrahydrobenzo[7]annulene] —— C28H26ClFO
    3-Butan-2-ylidene-5-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenyl)spiro[1-benzofuran-2,7'-5,6,8,9-tetrahydrobenzo[7]annulene]
    —— methyl N-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-methylcarbamate —— C11H13NO3
    methyl N-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-methylcarbamate
    —— N-benzyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-amine —— C15H15NO
    N-benzyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-amine
    —— 2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboximidamide;ethane —— C11H16N2O
    2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboximidamide;ethane
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxo-N-[(2,3,5-trimethyl-6-propylphenyl)methyl]dibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C30H33NO7
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxo-N-[(2,3,5-trimethyl-6-propylphenyl)methyl]dibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— 4-Butoxy-3-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C18H20O2
    4-Butoxy-3-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 1-(6,7-dihydro-3H-dithiolo[3,4-f][1]benzofuran-6-yl)-2-[(1-hydroxypiperidin-4-yl)amino]ethanol —— C16H22N2O3S2
    1-(6,7-dihydro-3H-dithiolo[3,4-f][1]benzofuran-6-yl)-2-[(1-hydroxypiperidin-4-yl)amino]ethanol
    —— 5-Butyl-2-cyclopropyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H20O
    5-Butyl-2-cyclopropyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 2-Bromo-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)propan-1-one —— C11H11BrO2
    2-Bromo-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)propan-1-one
    —— 6-Pentyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C13H18O
    6-Pentyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— N-butyl-N-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine —— C13H19NO
    N-butyl-N-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine
    —— 1-[7-(3-Methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]ethanamine —— C17H19NO2
    1-[7-(3-Methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]ethanamine
    —— (1-carbamoylcyclohexyl) 3-benzyl-3-methyl-2H-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate —— C24H27NO4
    (1-carbamoylcyclohexyl) 3-benzyl-3-methyl-2H-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate
    —— 5,7-ditert-butyl-3-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-octadecyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one —— C42H66O2
    5,7-ditert-butyl-3-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-octadecyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one
    —— [7-(2-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl] N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate —— C23H20ClNO3
    [7-(2-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl] N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate
    —— (3R,4S)-4-[4-(5-bromopyridin-3-yl)thiophen-2-yl]-3-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-6-imino-1,4-dimethylpiperidin-2-one —— C24H22BrN3O2S
    (3R,4S)-4-[4-(5-bromopyridin-3-yl)thiophen-2-yl]-3-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-6-imino-1,4-dimethylpiperidin-2-one
    —— 1,2-Bis[[7-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-5-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1,2-dimethylhydrazine —— C36H38F2N2O2
    1,2-Bis[[7-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-5-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1,2-dimethylhydrazine
    —— [(3R)-5-hydroxy-2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]methyl formate —— C15H20O4
    [(3R)-5-hydroxy-2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]methyl formate
    —— [7-(4-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl N-benzylcarbamate —— C24H22ClNO3
    [7-(4-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl N-benzylcarbamate
    —— 7-Methoxy-3,4,12-trimethyl-1,2,4,7a-tetrahydro-[1]benzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinolin-9-ol —— C19H23NO3
    7-Methoxy-3,4,12-trimethyl-1,2,4,7a-tetrahydro-[1]benzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinolin-9-ol
    —— 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)propan-2-one —— C17H15ClO2
    1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)propan-2-one