在分析工作中,常需使用质量优良、含量准确的化合物作为检测对照比较或仪器校正之用,这类物质称为标准品,亦可称为标准物。
标准品概述 标准品主要用于测定生物制品的效价,生产部门在申报生物制品的质量标准时必须提供被检测的标准品效价,并以单位(μ)表示。根据用途不同,检验用标准品可分为两类:一种是用于生物检定的标准品,如供生物制品、内分泌药物及抗菌素等使用的;另一种是化学标准品,包括校正仪器用的、校正药品紫外或红外图谱用的以及作为药品纯度检查和杂质对照的标准品。《中华人民共和国药典1990年版》第一部分附录第67页提供了如乙酸龙脑酯、丁香酚及人参二醇等多种标准品与对照药材,供中药纯度检测或含量测定使用。
国际标准品 国际标准品是以原有国际标准品的效价单位为基准,在广泛国际合作中确定其效价单位。效价以1U表示。某一种物品的第一个国际标准品建立时,其效价单位需由专家委员会协商决定后公布,这些标准品是全球制备国家标准品的标准对照物质,使国际标准达到统一。
试剂与标准品 食品分析实验室所用的所有试剂都应贴有标签,并注明以下信息:名称、配制日期、负责人签字等必要内容。大多数食品分析工作均需使用标准品作为定性或定量检测的参照物。标准品按类型可分为国际标准品、国家标准品、企业内部标准品和其他标准品。
对于基准标准品,盛放容器应贴有标签以标明名称、标准品文件号、开启时间、有效期及负责人签字等信息。此外,实验室需保存所有基准标准品的相关专门文件。
容量分析用标准溶液 容量分析中使用的标准溶液管理也需严格把控。每个标准溶液的容器都须贴有明显标签,注明名称、浓度、配制日期、配制规程号、贮存条件、有效期及负责人签字等信息。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4-[甲基[(3S)-3-(1-萘基氧基)-3-(2-噻吩基)丙基]氨基]-4-氧代丁酸 | duloxetine succinamide | 199191-66-7 | C22H23NO4S |
| 4-[甲基[(2-氨基-4-羟基蝶啶)-6-基甲基]氨基]苯甲酸 | 10-methyl-pteroic acid | 5623-18-7 | C15H14N6O3 |
| 4-[[4-(乙酰氧基)苯基]-2-吡啶基甲基]苯酚 | Monoacetyl bisacodyl | 72901-16-7 | C20H17NO3 |
| 4-[[3-异丙基-2-氧代-5-恶唑烷基]甲氧基]苯甲醛 | (±)4‑((3‑isopropyl‑2‑oxooxazolidin‑5‑yl)methoxy)benzaldehyde | 1173203-26-3 | C14H17NO4 |
| 4-[[3-[2-(3-氯苯基)乙基]-2-吡啶基]羰基]-1-哌啶羧酸乙酯 | 4-[[3-[2-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-pyridinyl]carbonyl]-1-piperidinecarboxylic acid | 107256-32-6 | C22H25ClN2O3 |
| 4-[[3-(4-甲基苯基)-3-氧代-1-(三氟甲基)亚丙基]氨基]苯磺酰胺 | 4-[[3-(4-Methylphenyl)-3-oxo-1-(trifluoromethyl)propylidene]amino]benzenesulfonamide | 1061214-09-2 | C17H15F3N2O3S |
| 4-[[(6S,8S,9S,10R,11S,13S,14S,17R)-11-羟基-17-(2-羟基乙酰基)-6,10,13-三甲基-3-氧代-7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-八氢-6H-环戊并[a]菲-17-基]氧基]-4-氧代丁酸 | 6α-methylprednisolone 17-hemisuccinate | 77074-42-1 | C26H34O8 |
| 4-[[(2R)-2,4-二羟基-3,3-二甲基-1-氧代丁基]氨基]-丁酸 | hopantenic acid | 18679-90-8 | C10H19NO5 |
| 4-[N-(2,4-二氨基-6-蝶啶甲基)-N-甲氨基]苯甲酸半盐酸盐n水 | 4-[(2,4-diaminopteridin-6-ylmethyl)methylamino]benzoic acid | 19741-14-1 | C15H15N7O2 |
| 4-[6-[(6-溴-8-环戊基-7,8-二氢-5-甲基-7-氧代吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-2-基)氨基]-3-吡啶基]-1-哌嗪羧酸叔丁酯 | 4-[6-(6-bromo-8-cyclopentyl-5-methyl-7-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-ylamino)pyridin-3-yl]piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester | 571188-82-4 | C27H34BrN7O3 |
| 4-[5-(4-羟基甲基苯基)-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]苯磺酰胺 | Methylhydroxy-Celecoxib | 170571-00-3 | C17H14F3N3O3S |
| 4-[5-(3-甲基苯基)-3-三氟甲基-1H-吡唑-1-基]苯磺酰胺 | 4-(5-(m-tolyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide | 170570-01-1 | C17H14F3N3O2S |
| 4-[4-[4-(二苯基亚甲基)-1-哌啶基]-1-羟基丁基]-α,α-二甲基-苯乙酸 | 4-[4-[4-(diphenylmethylene)-1-piperidinyl]-1-hydroxybutyl]-α,α-dimethylbenzeneacetic acid | 1187954-57-9 | C32H37NO3 |
| 4-[4-(4-氯苯基)-4-羟基-1-哌啶基]-1-[4-[4-(4-氯苯基)-4-羟基-1-哌啶基]苯基]-1-丁酮 | 4-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl]-1-[4-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl]phenyl]butan-1-one | 67987-08-0 | C32H36Cl2N2O3 |
| 4-[3-[4-氰基-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]-5,5-二甲基-4-氧代-2-硫代-1-咪唑烷基]-2-氟苯甲酰胺 | N-Desmethylenzalutamide | 1242137-16-1 | C20H14F4N4O2S |
| 4-[3-(甲氨基)-1-(2-噻吩)丙基]-1-萘酚氢溴酸 | (+/-)-N-methyl-3-(2-thienyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-naphthyl)-propylamine hydrogenbromide | 949096-01-9 | BrH*C18H19NOS |
| 4-[2-羟基-3-[异丙基氨基]丙氧基]苯甲醇 | Des(isopropoxyethyl) Bisoprolol | 62572-93-4 | C13H21NO3 |
| 4-[2-羟基-3-[(1-甲基乙基)氨基]丙氧基]苯乙腈 | 1-(4'-cyanomethylphenoxy)-2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propane | 29277-73-4 | C14H20N2O2 |
| 4-[2-氟-5-[(4-氧代-3,4-二氢酞嗪-1-基)甲基]苯甲酰基]哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl 4-(2-fluoro-5-((4-oxo-3,4-dihydrophthalazin-1-yl)methyl)benzoyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate | 763114-04-1 | C25H27FN4O4 |
| 4-[2-[二(三氘甲基)氨基]-1-(1-羟基环己基)乙基]苯酚 | desmethylvenlafaxine-d6 | 1062605-69-9 | C16H25NO2 |
| 4-[2-[[(环己基氨基)羰基]氨基]乙基]苯磺酰胺 | 4-(2-((Cyclohexylcarbamoyl)amino)ethyl)benzenesulfonamide | 10080-05-4 | C15H23N3O3S |
| 4-[2-(环丙基甲氧基)乙基]苯酚 | 4-[2-(cyclopropylmethoxy)-ethyl]-phenol | 63659-16-5 | C12H16O2 |
| 4-[2-(二甲氨基)乙氨基磺酰]-7-氯-2,1,3-苯并恶二唑 | DAABD-Cl | 664985-43-7 | C10H13ClN4O3S |
| 4-[2-(二甲氨基)-1-(1-羟基环己基)乙基]-2-({[2-(1-羟基环己基)-2-(4-羟基苯基)乙基](甲基)氨基}甲基)苯酚 | 4-[2-(dimethylamino)-1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]-2-({[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}methyl)phenol | 1187545-61-4 | C32H48N2O4 |
| 4-[2-(二丙基氨基)乙基]-1H-吲哚-2,3-二酮单盐酸盐 | SKF-96266 hydrochloride | 221264-21-7 | C16H23ClN2O2 |
| 4-[1-[4-(氨基磺酰基)苯基]-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]苯甲酸 | Carboxy-Celecoxib | 170571-01-4 | C17H12F3N3O4S |
| 4-[1-(1-羟基环己基)-2-(甲基氨基)乙基]苯酚 | N-Desmethyldesvenlafaxine | 135308-74-6 | C15H23NO2 |
| 4-[(3S,5R,8R,9S,10S,12R,13S,14S,17R)-3-[(2R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-二羟基-6-甲基四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基-12,14-二羟基-10,13-二甲基-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-十四氢环戊烯并[a]菲-17-基]-5H-呋喃-2-酮 | Digoxigenin mono-digitoside | 5352-63-6 | C29H44O8 |
| 4-[(3-氯-4-氟苯基)氨基]-6-[3-(4-吗啉基)丙氧基]-7-羟基喹唑啉 | 4-((3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino)-6-(3-morpholinopropoxy)quinazolin-7-ol | 847949-49-9 | C21H22ClFN4O3 |
| 4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢吡喃-2-基]氧基呋喃并[3,2-g]苯并吡喃-7-酮 | bergaptol-O-β-D-glucopyranoside | 131623-13-7 | C17H16O9 |
| 4-[(2,3-二氢-5,6-二甲氧基-1H-茚-2-基)甲基]哌啶盐酸盐 | 5,6-dimethoxy-2-[(4-piperidinyl)methyl]indane hydrochloride | 1034439-43-4 | C17H25NO2*ClH |
| 4-[(2,3,4-三甲氧基苯基)甲基]-1-哌嗪羧酸乙酯 | Ethyl 4-(2,3,4-trimethoxybenzyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate | 53531-01-4 | C17H26N2O5 |
| 4-[(1S)-2-(叔丁基氨基)-1-羟基乙基]-2-(羟基甲基)苯酚 | (+)-Albuterol | 34271-50-6 | C13H21NO3 |
| 4-[(1S)-2-(二甲基氨基)-1-(1-羟基环己基)乙基]苯酚 | (S)-O-desmethylvenlafaxine | 142761-12-4 | C16H25NO2 |
| 4-[(1R)-2-(二甲基氨基)-1-(1-羟基环己基)乙基]-苯酚 | (R)-4-(2-(dimethylamino)-1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl)phenol | 142761-11-3 | C16H25NO2 |
| 4-O-羧甲基-21-脱氧-20-羟基-21-氧代利福霉素 | 2-[[(9Z,19Z,21Z)-13-Acetyloxy-2,15,18,29-tetrahydroxy-11-methoxy-3,7,12,14,16,18,22-heptamethyl-6,17,23-trioxo-8,30-dioxa-24-azatetracyclo[23.3.1.14,7.05,28]triaconta-1(29),2,4,9,19,21,25,27-octaen-27-yl]oxy]acetic acid | 15271-73-5 | C39H47NO15 |
| 4-O-甲基卡比多巴 | (2S)-2-Hydrazino-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-methylpropanoic acid | 1361017-74-4 | C11H16N2O4 |
| 4-O-去甲基4-O-乙基甲氧苄啶 | 2,4-diamino-5-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-ethoxybenzyl)pyrimidine | 78025-68-0 | C15H20N4O3 |
| 4-O-beta-吡喃半乳糖基-D-吡喃甘露糖 | epilactose | 50468-56-9 | C12H22O11 |
| 4-N-脱乙酰基-5-N-乙酰基奥塞米韦 | ethyl-(3R,4R,5S)-5-(acetylamino)-4-amino-3-(pentan-3-yloxy)cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylate | 956267-10-0 | C16H28N2O4 |
| 4-N-亚硝基甲基氨-1-(3-吡啶基)丁酮-D4 | NNK-d4 | 764661-24-7 | C10H13N3O2 |
| 4-(苄氧基)-alpha-[[叔丁基氨基]甲基]-间二甲苯-alpha,alpha'-二醇 | O-benzyl salbutamol | 56796-66-8 | C20H27NO3 |
| 4-(苄氧基)-2-甲基-1H-苯并[D]咪唑-6-羧酸 | 2-methyl-4-[(phenylmethyl)oxy]-1H-benzimidazole-6-carboxylic acid | 942195-83-7 | C16H14N2O3 |
| 4-(羟基甲基)-[1,1-联苯]-2-羧酸 | 4'-(hydroxymethyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-carboxylic acid | 158144-54-8 | C14H12O3 |
| 4-(羟基氨基)苯酚 | 4-hydroxyphenylhydroxylamine | 3505-87-1 | C6H7NO2 |
| 4-(甲基维生素-D3-硝基甘油)-1-(3-吡啶基)-1-丁醇 | 4-(Methyl-d3-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol | 1020719-61-2 | C10H15N3O2 |
| 4-(甲基亚硝基氨基)-1-(3-吡啶基)-1-丁醇 | 4-(methylnitrosoamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol | 76014-81-8 | C10H15N3O2 |
| 4-(环氧乙烷甲氧基)-苯丙酸甲酯 | methyl 3-[4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)phenyl]propanoate | 81147-94-6 | C13H16O4 |
| 4-(环氧乙基甲氧基)苯乙酰胺 | (S)-1-[p-(carbamoylmethyl)phenoxy]-2,3-epoxypropane | 29122-69-8 | C11H13NO3 |
| 4-(溴甲基)-[1,1-联苯]-2-羧酸 | 4'-bromomethylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid | 150766-86-2 | C14H11BrO2 |