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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 2-[5-(3-Hydroxypropyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]propan-2-ol —— C14H20O3
    2-[5-(3-Hydroxypropyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]propan-2-ol
    —— 3,6-Dimethyl-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ol —— C15H20O2
    3,6-Dimethyl-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ol
    —— 2-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]acetamide —— C18H19NO3
    2-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]acetamide
    —— 6-methyl-3-methylene-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-ol 31722-00-6 C10H10O2
    6-methyl-3-methylene-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-ol
    —— 3a-Ethyl-2,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3,8,8b-trimethylcyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-1-one —— C17H20O5
    3a-Ethyl-2,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3,8,8b-trimethylcyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-1-one
    —— Myrsinoic acid B —— C22H30O4
    Myrsinoic acid B
    —— 3-[2-Hydroxy-7-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]prop-2-enoic acid —— C16H18O4
    3-[2-Hydroxy-7-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]prop-2-enoic acid
    —— 4-Hept-1-enyl-7-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2,5-diol —— C20H28O3
    4-Hept-1-enyl-7-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2,5-diol
    —— 2-[2-Methoxy-6-methyl-7-(4-methylfuran-2-yl)hept-5-en-2-yl]-6-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ol —— C23H30O4
    2-[2-Methoxy-6-methyl-7-(4-methylfuran-2-yl)hept-5-en-2-yl]-6-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ol
    —— 2-[7-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-propyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]propan-2-ol 110538-24-4 C15H22O3
    2-[7-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-propyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]propan-2-ol
    —— Methyl 3-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate —— C13H16O5
    Methyl 3-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate
    —— debromoaplysin —— C15H20O
    debromoaplysin
    —— Methyl 2-[2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]acetate —— C14H18O4
    Methyl 2-[2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]acetate
    —— 2-[7-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(1-hydroxyprop-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]propan-2-ol —— C15H20O4
    2-[7-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(1-hydroxyprop-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]propan-2-ol
    —— 5,11,15,19-Tetramethyl-2,20-dioxatetracyclo[15.2.1.01,9.03,8]icosa-3(8),4,6,10,14,18-hexaen-6-ol —— C22H26O3
    5,11,15,19-Tetramethyl-2,20-dioxatetracyclo[15.2.1.01,9.03,8]icosa-3(8),4,6,10,14,18-hexaen-6-ol
    —— 3-Hydroxy-5-[[2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methyl]-1,3-dimethylpyrrolidine-2,4-dione —— C18H23NO5
    3-Hydroxy-5-[[2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methyl]-1,3-dimethylpyrrolidine-2,4-dione
    —— 7-Bromo-3-hydroperoxy-3,3a,6,8b-tetramethyl-1,2-dihydrocyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran —— C15H19BrO3
    7-Bromo-3-hydroperoxy-3,3a,6,8b-tetramethyl-1,2-dihydrocyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran
    —— 2-(1,2-Dihydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylic acid —— C12H14O5
    2-(1,2-Dihydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylic acid
    —— 3-hydroxy-1-(2-methoxyethyl)-4-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carbonyl)-5-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-2-one —— C22H23NO6
    3-hydroxy-1-(2-methoxyethyl)-4-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carbonyl)-5-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-2-one
    —— 5-[3-(Hydroxymethyl)-5-(3-hydroxyprop-1-enyl)-4-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]penta-1,4-diene-1-sulfonic acid —— C18H22O7S
    5-[3-(Hydroxymethyl)-5-(3-hydroxyprop-1-enyl)-4-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]penta-1,4-diene-1-sulfonic acid
    —— 5-(3-Methylbut-2-enoxy)-2-prop-1-en-2-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C16H20O2
    5-(3-Methylbut-2-enoxy)-2-prop-1-en-2-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5,6-Dimethoxy-2-prop-1-en-2-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C13H16O3
    5,6-Dimethoxy-2-prop-1-en-2-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— Methyl 4-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-[[2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methyl]-5-oxofuran-2-carboxylate —— C24H24O8
    Methyl 4-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-[[2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methyl]-5-oxofuran-2-carboxylate
    —— [5-[1-(3-Methylbut-2-enoyloxy)ethyl]-2-(3-oxoprop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl] 3-methylbutanoate —— C23H28O6
    [5-[1-(3-Methylbut-2-enoyloxy)ethyl]-2-(3-oxoprop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl] 3-methylbutanoate
    —— (S)-2,3-Dihydro-6-hydroxy-5-(hydroxyacetyl)-2-isopropenylbenzofuran 83218-05-7 C13H14O4
    (S)-2,3-Dihydro-6-hydroxy-5-(hydroxyacetyl)-2-isopropenylbenzofuran
    —— 1-[2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]propane-1,2-diol —— C14H20O4
    1-[2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]propane-1,2-diol
    —— Eryvarin R —— C17H16O6
    Eryvarin R
    —— 3-(2-Prop-1-en-2-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)prop-2-enoic acid —— C14H14O3
    3-(2-Prop-1-en-2-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)prop-2-enoic acid
    —— 4-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-[[2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methyl]-2H-furan-5-one —— C22H22O6
    4-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-[[2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methyl]-2H-furan-5-one
    —— 9-Heptadec-12-enyl-9b-heptadecyl-4a,8-dihydroxy-2,7-dimethoxydibenzofuran-1,4-dione —— C48H78O7
    9-Heptadec-12-enyl-9b-heptadecyl-4a,8-dihydroxy-2,7-dimethoxydibenzofuran-1,4-dione
    —— 3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-4-[[2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione —— C22H21NO5
    3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-4-[[2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione
    —— Methyl 3-[2-(1-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]prop-2-enoate —— C15H18O4
    Methyl 3-[2-(1-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]prop-2-enoate
    —— 5-(1-Hydroxyethyl)-2-prop-1-en-2-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-ol —— C13H16O3
    5-(1-Hydroxyethyl)-2-prop-1-en-2-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-ol
    —— 3-(2-(2-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)ethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(3-hydroxy-6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)propanamide —— C26H27NO7
    3-(2-(2-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)ethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(3-hydroxy-6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)propanamide
    —— Cariocal —— C20H26O5
    Cariocal
    —— 2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-7-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylic acid —— C13H16O4
    2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-7-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylic acid
    —— 9b-Heptadec-12-enyl-4a,8-dihydroxy-2,7-dimethoxy-9-pentadec-10-enyldibenzofuran-1,4-dione —— C46H72O7
    9b-Heptadec-12-enyl-4a,8-dihydroxy-2,7-dimethoxy-9-pentadec-10-enyldibenzofuran-1,4-dione
    —— 3-(4-(2-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)ethoxy)phenyl)-3-(3-hydroxy-4-oxo-6-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)-4H-pyran-2-yl)propanamide —— C30H34N2O6
    3-(4-(2-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)ethoxy)phenyl)-3-(3-hydroxy-4-oxo-6-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)-4H-pyran-2-yl)propanamide
    —— Methyl 4-hydroxy-2-[[2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methyl]-5-oxo-3-phenylfuran-2-carboxylate —— C24H24O7
    Methyl 4-hydroxy-2-[[2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methyl]-5-oxo-3-phenylfuran-2-carboxylate
    —— 3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-4-[[2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methyl]-5-methoxyoxolan-2-one —— C23H26O6
    3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-4-[[2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methyl]-5-methoxyoxolan-2-one
    —— 3-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3a,6,8,8b-tetrahydroxy-3H-furo[3,4-b][1]benzofuran-1-one —— C12H12O9
    3-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3a,6,8,8b-tetrahydroxy-3H-furo[3,4-b][1]benzofuran-1-one
    —— 5,9,10-Trimethoxy-16-methyl-7-oxa-16-azapentacyclo[10.6.1.01,6.02,15.08,19]nonadeca-2,8(19),9,11-tetraen-4-ol —— C21H27NO5
    5,9,10-Trimethoxy-16-methyl-7-oxa-16-azapentacyclo[10.6.1.01,6.02,15.08,19]nonadeca-2,8(19),9,11-tetraen-4-ol
    —— methyl 2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-carboxylate —— C13H16O4
    methyl 2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-carboxylate
    —— 3-Methylidene-1-benzofuran-2-ol —— C9H8O2
    3-Methylidene-1-benzofuran-2-ol
    —— 4-(2-(2-(2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)ethoxy)phenyl)-7-methyl-3,4-dihydropyrano[4,3-b]pyran-2,5-dione —— C25H22O6
    4-(2-(2-(2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)ethoxy)phenyl)-7-methyl-3,4-dihydropyrano[4,3-b]pyran-2,5-dione
    —— 2-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)-N-(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)acetamide —— C20H23NO2
    2-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)-N-(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)acetamide
    —— 2-(2,6-Dihydroxy-6-methylhept-4-en-2-yl)-7-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylic acid —— C22H30O5
    2-(2,6-Dihydroxy-6-methylhept-4-en-2-yl)-7-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylic acid
    —— 3-[3-(5-Ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-prop-2-enyl-6-(4-prop-2-enylphenoxy)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-ol —— C35H34O6
    3-[3-(5-Ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-prop-2-enyl-6-(4-prop-2-enylphenoxy)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-ol
    —— 2-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-(1-hydroxy-3-methylpentan-2-yl)acetamide —— C16H23NO3
    2-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-(1-hydroxy-3-methylpentan-2-yl)acetamide
    —— 5,7-dibromo-3a-(bromomethyl)-3,6,8b-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran —— C15H17Br3O
    5,7-dibromo-3a-(bromomethyl)-3,6,8b-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran