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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— tert-butyl N-(2,4,6-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)carbamate —— C16H23NO3
    tert-butyl N-(2,4,6-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)carbamate
    —— 1-[7-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]ethanamine —— C16H15F2NO
    1-[7-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]ethanamine
    —— 1-Cyclohexa-1,3-dien-1-yl-5-(5-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-5-methyl-2-(1,4-oxazin-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)hexan-3-ol —— C26H29F4NO3
    1-Cyclohexa-1,3-dien-1-yl-5-(5-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-5-methyl-2-(1,4-oxazin-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)hexan-3-ol
    —— 5-Ethoxy-2-methyl-6-propyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C14H20O2
    5-Ethoxy-2-methyl-6-propyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 1-[2,7-Dimethyl-15-(2-methylphenyl)-13-oxatricyclo[8.7.0.012,16]heptadeca-1(17),4,6,10,12(16)-pentaen-15-yl]butan-1-one —— C29H34O2
    1-[2,7-Dimethyl-15-(2-methylphenyl)-13-oxatricyclo[8.7.0.012,16]heptadeca-1(17),4,6,10,12(16)-pentaen-15-yl]butan-1-one
    —— [7-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl] N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate —— C23H20ClNO3
    [7-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl] N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate
    —— 1-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-3-[2-(morpholine-4-carbonyl)-5-azatricyclo[9.4.0.03,8]pentadeca-1,3(8),10,12,14-pentaen-5-yl]propan-2-one —— C30H32N2O4
    1-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-3-[2-(morpholine-4-carbonyl)-5-azatricyclo[9.4.0.03,8]pentadeca-1,3(8),10,12,14-pentaen-5-yl]propan-2-one
    —— N-[2-(5-carbamimidoyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)ethyl]-3-pyridin-4-ylprop-2-enamide —— C19H20N4O2
    N-[2-(5-carbamimidoyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)ethyl]-3-pyridin-4-ylprop-2-enamide
    —— 2-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-one —— C12H12N2O2
    2-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-one
    —— 1-(6,7-dihydro-3H-dithiolo[3,4-f][1]benzofuran-6-yl)-2-[(1-hydroxy-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidin-3-yl)methylamino]ethanol —— C20H30N2O3S2
    1-(6,7-dihydro-3H-dithiolo[3,4-f][1]benzofuran-6-yl)-2-[(1-hydroxy-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidin-3-yl)methylamino]ethanol
    —— tert-butyl N-(2,2,4,6-tetramethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl)carbamate —— C17H25NO3
    tert-butyl N-(2,2,4,6-tetramethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl)carbamate
    —— 7-bromo-3,3-dimethyl-5-(2-methylcyclopropyl)-2H-1-benzofuran —— C14H17BrO
    7-bromo-3,3-dimethyl-5-(2-methylcyclopropyl)-2H-1-benzofuran
    —— Ethane;(7-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)methanamine —— C19H27NO
    Ethane;(7-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)methanamine
    —— 5-(3-Morpholin-4-ylpropyl)-7,8-dihydrofuro[2,3-g][1,2,4]benzotriazin-3-amine —— C16H21N5O2
    5-(3-Morpholin-4-ylpropyl)-7,8-dihydrofuro[2,3-g][1,2,4]benzotriazin-3-amine
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C17H15NO7
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— 3-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)piperidine-1-carbaldehyde —— C14H17NO2
    3-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)piperidine-1-carbaldehyde
    —— [4-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl N-benzylcarbamate —— C25H25NO3
    [4-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl N-benzylcarbamate
    —— 2-[5-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yloxy)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-yl]-3-(3-methoxyphenoxy)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane —— C29H36N2O4
    2-[5-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yloxy)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-yl]-3-(3-methoxyphenoxy)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane
    —— 6-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylmethyl)-5-nitropyrimidine-2,4-diamine —— C13H13N5O3
    6-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylmethyl)-5-nitropyrimidine-2,4-diamine
    —— 2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran;ethane —— C14H26O
    2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran;ethane
    —— 1-[[7-(4-Fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-[[7-(4-methylphenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]hydrazine —— C33H27F7N2O2
    1-[[7-(4-Fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-[[7-(4-methylphenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]hydrazine
    —— 2-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-1,3-thiazole —— C11H9NOS
    2-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-1,3-thiazole
    —— 4-[(5-bromo-2,4,6,7-tetramethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-yl)methyl]thiomorpholine —— C17H24BrNOS
    4-[(5-bromo-2,4,6,7-tetramethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-yl)methyl]thiomorpholine
    —— (12R)-9-methoxy-11-oxatetracyclo[8.6.1.01,12.06,17]heptadeca-6(17),7,9,15-tetraen-14-ol —— C17H20O3
    (12R)-9-methoxy-11-oxatetracyclo[8.6.1.01,12.06,17]heptadeca-6(17),7,9,15-tetraen-14-ol
    —— 5,7-ditert-butyl-3-phenyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one;ethane —— C26H38O2
    5,7-ditert-butyl-3-phenyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one;ethane
    —— 9b-Ethyl-6-hydroxy-9-methyl-1-[1-(methylamino)ethyl]-1,4a-dihydrodibenzofuran-4-one —— C18H23NO3
    9b-Ethyl-6-hydroxy-9-methyl-1-[1-(methylamino)ethyl]-1,4a-dihydrodibenzofuran-4-one
    —— [(1R,2R,3aS,8bS)-1-[(E,3R)-4-methyl-4-phenoxy-3-phosphanyloxypent-1-enyl]-5-propyl-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-2-yl]oxy-tritiophosphane;tritium monohydride —— C26H36O4P2
    [(1R,2R,3aS,8bS)-1-[(E,3R)-4-methyl-4-phenoxy-3-phosphanyloxypent-1-enyl]-5-propyl-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-2-yl]oxy-tritiophosphane;tritium monohydride
    —— [(1R,2R,3aS,8bS)-1-[(E,3R)-4-methyl-4-phenoxy-3-phosphanyloxypent-1-enyl]-5-propyl-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-2-yl]oxy-tritiophosphane —— C26H34O4P2
    [(1R,2R,3aS,8bS)-1-[(E,3R)-4-methyl-4-phenoxy-3-phosphanyloxypent-1-enyl]-5-propyl-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-2-yl]oxy-tritiophosphane
    —— 4-Tert-butyl-7-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C13H18O
    4-Tert-butyl-7-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 2-[(1,4-dioxido-2,4,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-furo[3,2-g][1,2,4]benzotriazine-1,4-diium-3-ylidene)amino]-N,N-dimethylethanamine —— C13H19N5O3
    2-[(1,4-dioxido-2,4,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-furo[3,2-g][1,2,4]benzotriazine-1,4-diium-3-ylidene)amino]-N,N-dimethylethanamine
    —— tert-butyl N-[(3R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylmethyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl]-N-[5-[3-(oxan-2-yloxyamino)-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]pyridin-2-yl]carbamate —— C31H40N4O6
    tert-butyl N-[(3R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylmethyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl]-N-[5-[3-(oxan-2-yloxyamino)-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]pyridin-2-yl]carbamate
    —— 2-Fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-ol —— C8H7FO2
    2-Fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-ol
    —— [7-(2-fluorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl] N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate —— C23H20FNO3
    [7-(2-fluorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl] N-benzyl-N-methylcarbamate
    —— 7-tert-butyl-4-(2,2-dimethylpropyl)-3,3-difluoro-2H-1-benzofuran —— C17H24F2O
    7-tert-butyl-4-(2,2-dimethylpropyl)-3,3-difluoro-2H-1-benzofuran
    —— 7-Butyl-4-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C13H18O
    7-Butyl-4-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— [7-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl N-benzylcarbamate —— C23H19F2NO3
    [7-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl N-benzylcarbamate
    —— 2-[[5-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]oxy]-2-methoxypropanamide —— C14H15N3O5
    2-[[5-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]oxy]-2-methoxypropanamide
    —— ethyl 2-benzylidene-4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-4H-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate —— C27H24O5
    ethyl 2-benzylidene-4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-4H-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate
    —— 3-(7-Bromo-4-ethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)propanoic acid —— C13H15BrO3
    3-(7-Bromo-4-ethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)propanoic acid
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-N-[(2-methylphenyl)methyl]-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C25H23NO7
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-N-[(2-methylphenyl)methyl]-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— N,N-dimethyl-2-[(1-oxido-2,4,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-furo[2,3-g][1,2,4]benzotriazin-1-ium-3-ylidene)amino]ethanamine —— C13H19N5O2
    N,N-dimethyl-2-[(1-oxido-2,4,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-furo[2,3-g][1,2,4]benzotriazin-1-ium-3-ylidene)amino]ethanamine
    —— N,N-dimethyl-2-[(1-oxido-2,4,7,8-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-g][1,2,4]benzotriazin-3-ylidene)amino]ethanamine —— C13H18N5O2-
    N,N-dimethyl-2-[(1-oxido-2,4,7,8-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-g][1,2,4]benzotriazin-3-ylidene)amino]ethanamine
    —— 4-hydroxy-5-(6-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)-3H-1,3-thiazol-2-one —— C11H9NO4S
    4-hydroxy-5-(6-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)-3H-1,3-thiazol-2-one
    —— 4a,9b-Dihydrodibenzofuran;ethane;propane —— C19H30O
    4a,9b-Dihydrodibenzofuran;ethane;propane
    —— 1-N-[[5-chloro-7-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-3-[5-methyl-7-(2-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]propane-1,2-diamine —— C36H39ClN2O2
    1-N-[[5-chloro-7-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-3-[5-methyl-7-(2-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]propane-1,2-diamine
    —— 2,7-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran;ethane —— C12H18O
    2,7-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran;ethane
    —— Ethane;5-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C11H16O2
    Ethane;5-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (7-tert-butyl-5-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)methyl N-benzylcarbamate —— C22H27NO4
    (7-tert-butyl-5-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)methyl N-benzylcarbamate
    —— 2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylic acid;ethane —— C11H14O3
    2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylic acid;ethane
    —— 2-[2,2-dimethyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl]acetic acid —— C13H13F3O3
    2-[2,2-dimethyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl]acetic acid