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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— (5Z)-5-[[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one —— C13H11NO2S2
    (5Z)-5-[[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one
    —— (5E)-5-[[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one —— C13H11NO2S2
    (5E)-5-[[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one
    —— (5Z)-5-[[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one —— C13H11NO2S2
    (5Z)-5-[[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one
    —— 4-[(5E)-5-[[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]butanoate —— C17H16NO4S2-
    4-[(5E)-5-[[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]butanoate
    —— 4-[(5Z)-5-[[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]butanoate —— C17H16NO4S2-
    4-[(5Z)-5-[[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]butanoate
    —— 4-[(5E)-5-[[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]butanoic acid —— C17H17NO4S2
    4-[(5E)-5-[[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]butanoic acid
    —— 4-[(5E)-5-[[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]butanoic acid —— C17H17NO4S2
    4-[(5E)-5-[[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]butanoic acid
    —— 4-[(5Z)-5-[[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]butanoic acid —— C17H17NO4S2
    4-[(5Z)-5-[[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]butanoic acid
    —— 4-[(5Z)-5-[[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]butanoic acid —— C17H17NO4S2
    4-[(5Z)-5-[[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]butanoic acid
    —— 4-[(5E)-5-[[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]butanoate —— C17H16NO4S2-
    4-[(5E)-5-[[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]butanoate
    —— 4-[(5Z)-5-[[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]butanoate —— C17H16NO4S2-
    4-[(5Z)-5-[[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]butanoate
    —— (4-tert-butylphenyl)methyl-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-methylazanium —— C23H32NO+
    (4-tert-butylphenyl)methyl-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-methylazanium
    —— 1-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-N-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-N-methylmethanamine —— C23H31NO
    1-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-N-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-N-methylmethanamine
    —— [(R)-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-phenylmethyl]azanium —— C16H18NO+
    [(R)-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-phenylmethyl]azanium
    —— [(R)-[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-phenylmethyl]azanium —— C16H18NO+
    [(R)-[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-phenylmethyl]azanium
    —— [(S)-[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-phenylmethyl]azanium —— C16H18NO+
    [(S)-[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-phenylmethyl]azanium
    —— (S)-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-phenylmethanamine —— C16H17NO
    (S)-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-phenylmethanamine
    —— (R)-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-phenylmethanamine —— C16H17NO
    (R)-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-phenylmethanamine
    —— (S)-[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-phenylmethanamine —— C16H17NO
    (S)-[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-phenylmethanamine
    —— methyl (1S,2R,3R,7Z,10R)-7-[(3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-3-methyl-8-oxo-17-oxa-6-thia-4,9-diazapentacyclo[8.7.0.01,3.05,9.011,16]heptadeca-4,11,13,15-tetraene-2-carboxylate —— C23H16Cl2N2O5S
    methyl (1S,2R,3R,7Z,10R)-7-[(3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-3-methyl-8-oxo-17-oxa-6-thia-4,9-diazapentacyclo[8.7.0.01,3.05,9.011,16]heptadeca-4,11,13,15-tetraene-2-carboxylate
    —— 1-[(2Z,3R)-5,7-dichloro-2-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)ethylidene]-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine —— C21H19Cl4NO2
    1-[(2Z,3R)-5,7-dichloro-2-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)ethylidene]-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine
    —— 1-[(2Z,3S)-5,7-dichloro-2-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)ethylidene]-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidin-1-ium —— C21H20Cl4NO2+
    1-[(2Z,3S)-5,7-dichloro-2-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)ethylidene]-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidin-1-ium
    —— 1-[(2Z,3R)-5,7-dichloro-2-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)ethylidene]-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidin-1-ium —— C21H20Cl4NO2+
    1-[(2Z,3R)-5,7-dichloro-2-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)ethylidene]-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidin-1-ium
    —— 1-[(2Z,3S)-5,7-dichloro-2-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)ethylidene]-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine —— C21H19Cl4NO2
    1-[(2Z,3S)-5,7-dichloro-2-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)ethylidene]-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine
    —— (1Z)-2-methyl-1-[(3S)-3-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]propan-2-ol —— C16H21N2O5+
    (1Z)-2-methyl-1-[(3S)-3-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]propan-2-ol
    —— (1Z)-2-methyl-1-[(3R)-3-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]propan-2-ol —— C16H21N2O5+
    (1Z)-2-methyl-1-[(3R)-3-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]propan-2-ol
    —— (1E)-2-methyl-1-[(3R)-3-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]propan-2-ol —— C16H21N2O5+
    (1E)-2-methyl-1-[(3R)-3-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]propan-2-ol
    —— (1E)-2-methyl-1-[(3S)-3-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]propan-2-ol —— C16H21N2O5+
    (1E)-2-methyl-1-[(3S)-3-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]propan-2-ol
    —— 4-[(2E,3S)-2-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethylidene]-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholine —— C20H19FN2O5
    4-[(2E,3S)-2-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethylidene]-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholine
    —— 4-[(2Z,3S)-2-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethylidene]-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholin-4-ium —— C20H20FN2O5+
    4-[(2Z,3S)-2-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethylidene]-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholin-4-ium
    —— 4-[(2Z,3R)-2-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethylidene]-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholin-4-ium —— C20H20FN2O5+
    4-[(2Z,3R)-2-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethylidene]-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholin-4-ium
    —— 4-[(2E,3S)-2-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethylidene]-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholin-4-ium —— C20H20FN2O5+
    4-[(2E,3S)-2-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethylidene]-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholin-4-ium
    —— 4-[(2E,3R)-2-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethylidene]-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholin-4-ium —— C20H20FN2O5+
    4-[(2E,3R)-2-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethylidene]-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholin-4-ium
    —— 1-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-methylpiperidin-1-ium —— C15H22NO+
    1-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-methylpiperidin-1-ium
    —— 1-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-methylpiperidin-1-ium —— C15H22NO+
    1-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-methylpiperidin-1-ium
    —— 1-[(Z)-[(3S)-3-morpholin-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]methyl]cyclohexan-1-ol —— C19H24N2O5
    1-[(Z)-[(3S)-3-morpholin-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]methyl]cyclohexan-1-ol
    —— 1-[(E)-[(3S)-3-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]methyl]cyclohexan-1-ol —— C19H25N2O5+
    1-[(E)-[(3S)-3-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]methyl]cyclohexan-1-ol
    —— 1-[(Z)-[(3S)-3-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]methyl]cyclohexan-1-ol —— C19H25N2O5+
    1-[(Z)-[(3S)-3-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]methyl]cyclohexan-1-ol
    —— 1-[(Z)-[(3R)-3-morpholin-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]methyl]cyclohexan-1-ol —— C19H24N2O5
    1-[(Z)-[(3R)-3-morpholin-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]methyl]cyclohexan-1-ol
    —— 1-[(E)-[(3R)-3-morpholin-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]methyl]cyclohexan-1-ol —— C19H24N2O5
    1-[(E)-[(3R)-3-morpholin-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]methyl]cyclohexan-1-ol
    —— 1-[(Z)-[(3R)-3-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]methyl]cyclohexan-1-ol —— C19H25N2O5+
    1-[(Z)-[(3R)-3-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]methyl]cyclohexan-1-ol
    —— 1-[(E)-[(3S)-3-morpholin-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]methyl]cyclohexan-1-ol —— C19H24N2O5
    1-[(E)-[(3S)-3-morpholin-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]methyl]cyclohexan-1-ol
    —— 1-[(E)-[(3R)-3-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]methyl]cyclohexan-1-ol —— C19H25N2O5+
    1-[(E)-[(3R)-3-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]methyl]cyclohexan-1-ol
    —— N-[(2S)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]-2-pyridin-1-ium-1-ylacetamide —— C17H19N2O3+
    N-[(2S)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]-2-pyridin-1-ium-1-ylacetamide
    —— N-[(2R)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]-2-pyridin-1-ium-1-ylacetamide —— C17H19N2O3+
    N-[(2R)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]-2-pyridin-1-ium-1-ylacetamide
    —— 1-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-3-piperidin-1-ylpropan-1-one —— C17H23NO2
    1-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-3-piperidin-1-ylpropan-1-one
    —— 1-[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-3-piperidin-1-ylpropan-1-one —— C17H23NO2
    1-[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-3-piperidin-1-ylpropan-1-one
    —— N-benzyl-2-[(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)oxy]acetamide —— C19H21NO3
    N-benzyl-2-[(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)oxy]acetamide
    —— 4-[(2Z,3S)-2-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethylidene]-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholine —— C20H19FN2O5
    4-[(2Z,3S)-2-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethylidene]-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholine
    —— 4-[(2E,3R)-2-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethylidene]-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholine —— C20H19FN2O5
    4-[(2E,3R)-2-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethylidene]-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholine