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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— (3S)-N-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-carboxamide —— C10H11NO2
    (3S)-N-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-carboxamide
    —— [(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]methanol;ethane —— C11H16O2
    [(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]methanol;ethane
    —— 1-[7-(4-Methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]ethanamine —— C17H19NO
    1-[7-(4-Methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]ethanamine
    —— 2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-dimethylphenol;3-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-5,7-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one;(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-octoxypiperidin-4-yl) 10-oxo-10-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-octoxypiperidin-4-yl)decanoate —— C76H115N5O8
    2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-dimethylphenol;3-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-5,7-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one;(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-octoxypiperidin-4-yl) 10-oxo-10-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-octoxypiperidin-4-yl)decanoate
    —— (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(4-but-2-ynoxy-2,6-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide —— C30H29NO8
    (9aS)-8-acetyl-N-[(4-but-2-ynoxy-2,6-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-7,9-dioxodibenzofuran-4-carboxamide
    —— 2-[6-[[7-[2,6-Dimethyl-4-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethoxy]phenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]methylideneamino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]acetic acid —— C34H39N3O5
    2-[6-[[7-[2,6-Dimethyl-4-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethoxy]phenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]methylideneamino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]acetic acid
    —— ethane;7-methyl-3-phenyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one —— C21H30O2
    ethane;7-methyl-3-phenyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one
    —— (E)-4-(7-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid —— C14H13ClO4
    (E)-4-(7-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid
    —— 2-(7-Chloro-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)propanoic acid;cyclohexanamine —— C18H26ClNO3
    2-(7-Chloro-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)propanoic acid;cyclohexanamine
    —— 2-(7-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl)-<i>N</i>-hydroxy-acetamide 57898-97-2 C12H14ClNO3
    2-(7-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl)-<i>N</i>-hydroxy-acetamide
    —— 2-(7-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl)-acetamide 57898-99-4 C12H14ClNO2
    2-(7-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl)-acetamide
    —— 2-(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl)-acetamide 57899-00-0 C12H15NO2
    2-(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl)-acetamide
    —— 2-(7-Chloro-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)acetic acid;cyclohexanamine —— C18H26ClNO3
    2-(7-Chloro-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)acetic acid;cyclohexanamine
    —— 4-(7-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl)-butyric acid 57899-10-2 C14H17ClO3
    4-(7-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl)-butyric acid
    —— 2-(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl)-<i>N</i>-hydroxy-acetamide 57898-98-3 C12H15NO3
    2-(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl)-<i>N</i>-hydroxy-acetamide
    —— (4R,4aR,9bS)-4-amino-8,9b-dimethyl-1,2,4,4a-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-3-one —— C14H17NO2
    (4R,4aR,9bS)-4-amino-8,9b-dimethyl-1,2,4,4a-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-3-one
    —— 2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl N-[(4R,4aR,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-3-oxo-1,2,4,4a-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-4-yl]carbamate —— C22H31N3O4
    2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl N-[(4R,4aR,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-3-oxo-1,2,4,4a-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-4-yl]carbamate
    —— N-[(4R,4aR,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-3-oxo-1,2,4,4a-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-4-yl]-3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]propanamide —— C21H30N2O4
    N-[(4R,4aR,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-3-oxo-1,2,4,4a-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-4-yl]-3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]propanamide
    —— N-[(4R,4aR,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-3-oxo-1,2,4,4a-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-4-yl]-5-(dimethylamino)pentanamide —— C21H30N2O3
    N-[(4R,4aR,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-3-oxo-1,2,4,4a-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-4-yl]-5-(dimethylamino)pentanamide
    —— (4aS,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-N-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-3-oxo-4,4a-dihydrodibenzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C22H29N3O3
    (4aS,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-N-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-3-oxo-4,4a-dihydrodibenzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— N-[(4aS,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-3-oxo-4,4a-dihydrodibenzofuran-2-yl]-2-pyrrol-1-ylacetamide —— C20H20N2O3
    N-[(4aS,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-3-oxo-4,4a-dihydrodibenzofuran-2-yl]-2-pyrrol-1-ylacetamide
    —— (4R,4aR,9bS)-4-amino-8,9b-dimethyl-1,2,4,4a-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-3-one;hydrochloride —— C14H18ClNO2
    (4R,4aR,9bS)-4-amino-8,9b-dimethyl-1,2,4,4a-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-3-one;hydrochloride
    —— N-[(4R,4aR,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-3-oxo-1,2,4,4a-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-4-yl]-5-(dimethylamino)pentanamide;hydrochloride —— C21H31ClN2O3
    N-[(4R,4aR,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-3-oxo-1,2,4,4a-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-4-yl]-5-(dimethylamino)pentanamide;hydrochloride
    —— (4S,4aR,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-4-[3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propylamino]-2,3,4,4a-tetrahydro-1H-dibenzofuran-3-ol —— C22H35N3O2
    (4S,4aR,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-4-[3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propylamino]-2,3,4,4a-tetrahydro-1H-dibenzofuran-3-ol
    —— N-[(4aS,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-3-oxo-4,4a-dihydrodibenzofuran-2-yl]-2-pyrrol-1-ylacetamide;hydrochloride —— C20H21ClN2O3
    N-[(4aS,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-3-oxo-4,4a-dihydrodibenzofuran-2-yl]-2-pyrrol-1-ylacetamide;hydrochloride
    —— N-[(4R,4aR,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-3-oxo-1,2,4,4a-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-4-yl]acetamide —— C16H19NO3
    N-[(4R,4aR,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-3-oxo-1,2,4,4a-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-4-yl]acetamide
    —— N-[(4R,4aR,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-3-oxo-1,2,4,4a-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-4-yl]-6-(dimethylamino)hexanamide —— C22H32N2O3
    N-[(4R,4aR,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-3-oxo-1,2,4,4a-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-4-yl]-6-(dimethylamino)hexanamide
    —— N-[(4R,4aR,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-3-oxo-1,2,4,4a-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-4-yl]-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)butanamide —— C23H33N3O3
    N-[(4R,4aR,9bS)-8,9b-dimethyl-3-oxo-1,2,4,4a-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-4-yl]-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)butanamide
    —— 2-(4-acetyl-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-N-[(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methyl]acetamide —— C20H25N3O3
    2-(4-acetyl-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-N-[(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methyl]acetamide
    —— N-[(1-ethyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide —— C15H17N3O2
    N-[(1-ethyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide
    —— 7-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylcarbonyl)-3-methyl-1-oxa-3,7-diazaspiro[4.4]nonan-2-one —— C16H18N2O4
    7-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylcarbonyl)-3-methyl-1-oxa-3,7-diazaspiro[4.4]nonan-2-one
    —— N-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3-ylmethyl)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide —— C17H16N4O2
    N-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3-ylmethyl)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide
    —— N-[(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methyl]-3-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)propanamide —— C15H19N5O2
    N-[(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methyl]-3-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)propanamide
    —— N-{2-[(4-Methyl-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-YL)oxy]ethyl}-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide —— C14H15N3O4
    N-{2-[(4-Methyl-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-YL)oxy]ethyl}-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide
    —— N-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)-N-methyl-2-[(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)thio]acetamide —— C16H18N2O2S2
    N-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)-N-methyl-2-[(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)thio]acetamide
    —— N-[(2-methylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazol-6-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide —— C15H14N4O2S
    N-[(2-methylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazol-6-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide
    —— 4-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylcarbonyl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)-1,4-oxazepane —— C19H26N2O3
    4-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylcarbonyl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)-1,4-oxazepane
    —— N-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)-N-methyl-3-pyridin-3-ylpropanamide —— C18H20N2O2
    N-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)-N-methyl-3-pyridin-3-ylpropanamide
    —— N-[(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methyl]-2-(1,1-dioxido-2,3-dihydro-3-thienyl)acetamide —— C17H21NO4S
    N-[(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methyl]-2-(1,1-dioxido-2,3-dihydro-3-thienyl)acetamide
    —— 5-[1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylcarbonyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl]-3-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole —— C16H18N4O2
    5-[1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylcarbonyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl]-3-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole
    —— [5-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylmethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl]methanol —— C16H19N3O2
    [5-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylmethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl]methanol
    —— N-[2-(4-methyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidin-2-yl)ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C19H21N3O2
    N-[2-(4-methyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidin-2-yl)ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— N-[(3-isopropylisoxazol-5-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide —— C16H18N2O3
    N-[(3-isopropylisoxazol-5-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide
    —— N-methyl-N-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indazol-3-ylmethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C18H21N3O2
    N-methyl-N-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indazol-3-ylmethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— N-Methyl-N-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylmethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C18H20N2O2S
    N-Methyl-N-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylmethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— N-{2-[5-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]ethyl}-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide —— C17H19N3O4
    N-{2-[5-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]ethyl}-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide
    —— N-[(3-pyrazin-2-yl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide —— C16H14N6O2
    N-[(3-pyrazin-2-yl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide
    —— 4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylcarbonyl)-2-(1H-pyrazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,4-oxazepane —— C18H21N3O3
    4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylcarbonyl)-2-(1H-pyrazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,4-oxazepane
    —— N-[3-(2-oxopyridin-1(2H)-yl)propyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide —— C17H18N2O3
    N-[3-(2-oxopyridin-1(2H)-yl)propyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide
    —— 2-{2-[(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylcarbonyl)amino]ethyl}-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid —— C15H14N2O4S
    2-{2-[(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylcarbonyl)amino]ethyl}-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid