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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— ethyl 7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-6-hydroxy-5-propionylbenzofuran-2-carboxylate 90246-86-9 C14H15ClO5
    ethyl 7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-6-hydroxy-5-propionylbenzofuran-2-carboxylate
    —— ethyl 7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-6-methoxybenzofuran-2-carboxylate 90246-72-3 C12H13ClO4
    ethyl 7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-6-methoxybenzofuran-2-carboxylate
    —— 4,7-Dichloro-5-{(3-chloro-phenyl)-[(Z)-hydroxyimino]-methyl}-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid 107804-83-1 C16H10Cl3NO4
    4,7-Dichloro-5-{(3-chloro-phenyl)-[(Z)-hydroxyimino]-methyl}-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 4,7-Dichloro-5-{(4-chloro-phenyl)-[(Z)-hydroxyimino]-methyl}-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid 107804-81-9 C16H10Cl3NO4
    4,7-Dichloro-5-{(4-chloro-phenyl)-[(Z)-hydroxyimino]-methyl}-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid
    —— ethyl 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-ylacetate 69999-18-4 C12H14O3
    ethyl 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-ylacetate
    —— azamonardine 1459735-28-4 C14H13NO4
    azamonardine
    —— 5-Chloro-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carbonyl chloride 189308-64-3 C11H10Cl2O2
    5-Chloro-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carbonyl chloride
    —— 4aR,9aS-cis-4a-ethyl-6-methoxy-1,2,3,4,4a,9a-hexahydrobenzofuro[2,3-c]pyridine S-(+)-mandelate 1182348-98-6 C8H8O3*C14H19NO2
    4aR,9aS-cis-4a-ethyl-6-methoxy-1,2,3,4,4a,9a-hexahydrobenzofuro[2,3-c]pyridine S-(+)-mandelate
    —— 6,7-dichloro-2,3-dihydro-2-benzofurancarboxylic acid 62717-17-3 C9H6Cl2O3
    6,7-dichloro-2,3-dihydro-2-benzofurancarboxylic acid
    —— (2S)-6,7-dichloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid 118206-01-2 C9H6Cl2O3
    (2S)-6,7-dichloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 9a-hydroxymethyl-4-methoxy-5a,6,7,9a-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carbaldehyde 312920-56-2 C15H16O4
    9a-hydroxymethyl-4-methoxy-5a,6,7,9a-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-1-carbaldehyde
    —— methyl N-[2-[(5'aS,9'aR)-4'-methoxyspiro[1,3-dioxolane-2,7'-5a,6,8,9-tetrahydrodibenzofuran]-9'a-yl]ethyl]carbamate 1334171-06-0 C19H25NO6
    methyl N-[2-[(5'aS,9'aR)-4'-methoxyspiro[1,3-dioxolane-2,7'-5a,6,8,9-tetrahydrodibenzofuran]-9'a-yl]ethyl]carbamate
    —— 9-N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-N-methylaminomethyl-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-9b-carbaldehyde 312920-87-9 C21H27NO5
    9-N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-N-methylaminomethyl-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-9b-carbaldehyde
    —— (5'aS,9'aR)-4'-methoxyspiro[1,3-dioxolane-2,7'-5a,6,8,9-tetrahydrodibenzofuran]-9'a-carbaldehyde 1334171-04-8 C16H18O5
    (5'aS,9'aR)-4'-methoxyspiro[1,3-dioxolane-2,7'-5a,6,8,9-tetrahydrodibenzofuran]-9'a-carbaldehyde
    —— 9b-hydroxymethyl-9-N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-N-methylaminomethyl-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran 312920-60-8 C21H29NO5
    9b-hydroxymethyl-9-N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-N-methylaminomethyl-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran
    —— 9,9b-di(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran 312920-84-6 C15H18O4
    9,9b-di(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzofuran
    —— (5aS,9aS)-4-methoxy-7-oxo-5a,6,8,9-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-9a-carbonitrile 1334171-03-7 C14H13NO3
    (5aS,9aS)-4-methoxy-7-oxo-5a,6,8,9-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-9a-carbonitrile
    —— (5aS,7R,9aS)-6,7-dihydro-7-hydroxy-4-methoxy-N-methyl-9a(5aH)-dibenzofuranacetamide 1268868-68-3 C16H19NO4
    (5aS,7R,9aS)-6,7-dihydro-7-hydroxy-4-methoxy-N-methyl-9a(5aH)-dibenzofuranacetamide
    —— ((5aS,9aS)-4-Methoxy-1-methylaminomethyl-6,7-dihydro-5aH-dibenzofuran-9a-yl)-methanol 869369-35-7 C16H21NO3
    ((5aS,9aS)-4-Methoxy-1-methylaminomethyl-6,7-dihydro-5aH-dibenzofuran-9a-yl)-methanol
    —— 2-bromomethyl-2,3-dihydro-2,4,6,7-tetramethyl-5-benzofuranamine 142873-46-9 C13H18BrNO
    2-bromomethyl-2,3-dihydro-2,4,6,7-tetramethyl-5-benzofuranamine
    —— N-(2,2,4,6-tetramethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)-2,2-dimethyldodecaneamide 144983-38-0 C26H43NO2
    N-(2,2,4,6-tetramethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)-2,2-dimethyldodecaneamide
    —— N-(2,2,4,6-tetramethyl-5-nitro-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)-2,2-dimethyldodecaneamide 144983-39-1 C26H42N2O4
    N-(2,2,4,6-tetramethyl-5-nitro-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)-2,2-dimethyldodecaneamide
    —— 2-cyclopropylmethyl-6-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-4-methanesulfonyloxymethyl-2H-pyridazin-3-one 756836-30-3 C18H20N2O5S
    2-cyclopropylmethyl-6-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-4-methanesulfonyloxymethyl-2H-pyridazin-3-one
    —— 6-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-4-methoxycarbonyl-2H-pyridazin-3-one 756836-20-1 C14H12N2O4
    6-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-4-methoxycarbonyl-2H-pyridazin-3-one
    —— 2-cyclopropylmethyl-6-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-4-hydroxymethyl-2H-pyridazin-3-one 756836-28-9 C17H18N2O3
    2-cyclopropylmethyl-6-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-4-hydroxymethyl-2H-pyridazin-3-one
    —— 9-[3-(3,6-Diphenylcarbazol-9-yl)-5a,10b-diphenyl-[1]benzofuro[2,3-b][1]benzofuran-8-yl]-3,6-diphenylcarbazole 1224836-23-0 C74H48N2O2
    9-[3-(3,6-Diphenylcarbazol-9-yl)-5a,10b-diphenyl-[1]benzofuro[2,3-b][1]benzofuran-8-yl]-3,6-diphenylcarbazole
    —— ethyl 4-[(1R,2R,3aS,8bS)-2-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-1-formyl-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-5-yl]butanoate 1416129-62-8 C24H36O5Si
    ethyl 4-[(1R,2R,3aS,8bS)-2-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-1-formyl-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-5-yl]butanoate
    —— [(1S,2R,3aS,8bS)-2-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-5-ethynyl-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-1-yl]methoxy-tert-butyl-dimethylsilane 1416129-56-0 C26H42O3Si2
    [(1S,2R,3aS,8bS)-2-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-5-ethynyl-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-1-yl]methoxy-tert-butyl-dimethylsilane
    —— 3-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)prop-2-enoic acid 198707-57-2 C11H10O3
    3-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)prop-2-enoic acid
    —— (S)-dimethyl 2-(1-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-4-yl)-3-oxopropyl)malonate 1361396-61-3 C16H18O6
    (S)-dimethyl 2-(1-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-4-yl)-3-oxopropyl)malonate
    —— (3R)-7-(trifluoromethoxy)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-ol 1202577-90-9 C9H7F3O3
    (3R)-7-(trifluoromethoxy)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-ol
    —— 7-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 17359-45-4 C9H10O
    7-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester 54442-11-4 C10H10O3
    2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester
    —— benzofuran-2,3-dione 2-[O-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-oxime]3-(O-methyl-oxime) 200419-33-6 C11H12N2O4
    benzofuran-2,3-dione 2-[O-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-oxime]3-(O-methyl-oxime)
    —— 5-tert-butyl-3-[5-tert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl]benzofuran-2-(3H)-one 214354-68-4 C22H26O3
    5-tert-butyl-3-[5-tert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl]benzofuran-2-(3H)-one
    —— 2,3-dihydro-2,2,7-trimethylbenzofuran 30590-60-4 C11H14O
    2,3-dihydro-2,2,7-trimethylbenzofuran
    —— 2,3-dihydro-2,2,5-trimethylbenzofuran 30590-59-1 C11H14O
    2,3-dihydro-2,2,5-trimethylbenzofuran
    —— 2,2,6-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran 19956-97-9 C11H14O
    2,2,6-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran
    —— 7-bromo-3,3-dimethyl-2H-1-benzofuran-4-ol 1624613-35-9 C10H11BrO2
    7-bromo-3,3-dimethyl-2H-1-benzofuran-4-ol
    —— 3-[2-[4-[[1-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)ethylamino]methyl]-2-methoxyphenoxy]ethyl]-1-methylpyrimidine-2,4-dione 1443021-73-5 C25H29N3O5
    3-[2-[4-[[1-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)ethylamino]methyl]-2-methoxyphenoxy]ethyl]-1-methylpyrimidine-2,4-dione
    —— 2-(1-amino-1-cyanoethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile 1047648-44-1 C12H11N3O
    2-(1-amino-1-cyanoethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile
    —— 2-acetyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile 159009-25-3 C11H9NO2
    2-acetyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile
    —— 2-(1-amino-1-cyanoethyl)-7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile 1047648-60-1 C12H10ClN3O
    2-(1-amino-1-cyanoethyl)-7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile
    —— 2-acetyl-7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile 1047648-61-2 C11H8ClNO2
    2-acetyl-7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile
    —— 6,7-Dimethyl-3-phenyl-3H-benzofuran-2-one 39531-29-8 C16H14O2
    6,7-Dimethyl-3-phenyl-3H-benzofuran-2-one
    —— 4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxaldehyde 664364-64-1 C11H12O3
    4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxaldehyde
    —— 7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-3-methyl-5-propyl-4-benzofuranol 139201-22-2 C20H23ClO3
    7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-3-methyl-5-propyl-4-benzofuranol
    —— 7-(4,4,4-trifluoro-1,1-dimethyl-3-oxobutyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-carbonitrile 609807-12-7 C15H14F3NO2
    7-(4,4,4-trifluoro-1,1-dimethyl-3-oxobutyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-carbonitrile
    —— 4-(5-bromo-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)-1,1,1-trifluoro-4-methylpentan-2-one 849354-27-4 C14H14BrF3O2
    4-(5-bromo-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)-1,1,1-trifluoro-4-methylpentan-2-one
    —— 7-Bromo-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-2-carbaldehyde —— C9H10NO2Pol
    7-Bromo-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-2-carbaldehyde