N-乙酰神经氨酸(又称为唾液酸)是自然界分布最广的一种糖,在动物细胞膜或分泌液的糖蛋白、糖脂质或细菌荚膜物质等中起着重要作用。在糖蛋白或糖脂质中,2位的酮基通过形成糖苷键位于非还原性末端,其阴电荷或特有的化学结构赋予它各种生理特异性。从病毒到动物,自然界广泛存在水解除去末端N-乙酰神经氨酸的酶(神经氨酸苷酶),通过这些酶的作用已明确这个酸性糖残基的作用。例如,流感病毒在红血球细胞膜上的结合部位由这种糖残基构成,并参与了血浆糖蛋白与肝细胞、淋巴细胞对循环途径的辨认机制。生物合成途径虽有所差异,但都经过N-乙酰甘露糖胺或其6-磷酸酯,在特异性焦磷酸酶催化下与CTP反应生成CMP-N-乙酰神经氨酸后由糖基转移反应纳入糖链。
性质纯唾液酸是无色的,并且易溶于水,不会发生变旋作用。纯的一乙酰神经氨酸和一轻乙酰神经氨酸在水溶液中非常稳定,在4℃条件下储存数月不发生变化。
新资源食品管理办法项目 | 要求 |
---|---|
性状 | 白色粉末 |
N-乙酰神经氨酸 (g/100g) | ≥98 |
pH值 (2% 水溶液) | 1.8-2.3 |
水分 (g/100g) | ≤2 |
灰分 (g/100g) | ≤2 |
N-乙酰神经氨酸酸普遍存在于细胞膜的糖蛋白和哺乳动物神经节甘脂的糖脂中,对神经传递、白细胞血管渗出以及病毒或细菌感染起着重要的生物作用。
靶点项目 | |
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Human Endogenous Metabolite |
N-乙酰神经氨酸醛缩酶的作用底物表明唾液酸是一种广泛存在于自然界中的碳水化合物,也是许多糖蛋白、糖肽和糖脂的基本组成部分。它具有广泛的生物功能,如调节血蛋白半衰期、中和多种毒素、参与细胞粘附、免疫的抗原抗体反应及对细胞溶解的保护等。其生化衍生物也常用于药物合成。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | methyl N-acetyl-β-neuraminoside | 23755-35-3 | C12H21NO9 | 323.3 |
—— | Methyl-5-acetylamino-3,5-didesoxy-β-D-glycero-D-galacto-2-nonuolopyranosidonsaeure-methylester | 6730-43-4 | C13H23NO9 | 337.327 |
—— | tert-butyl (2S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetamido-6-[(S)-[(4R)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]-(methoxymethoxy)methyl]-2-hydroxy-4-(methoxymethoxy)oxane-2-carboxylate | 197234-66-5 | C22H39NO11 | 493.552 |
—— | b-NeuAc2SH | —— | C11H19NO8S | 325.34 |
—— | N-acetyl-D-mannosamine | 7772-94-3 | C8H15NO6 | 221.21 |
—— | D-GlcNAc | 7512-17-6 | C8H15NO6 | 221.21 |
—— | N-acetyl-G-glucosamine | —— | C8H15NO6 | 221.21 |
—— | N-acetyl-D-mannosamine | 14131-64-7 | C8H15NO6 | 221.21 |
—— | 4-MUNANA | 59322-44-0 | C21H25NO11 | 467.43 |
—— | 4-methylumbelliferyl(5-acetamido-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-α-D-galactonon-2-ulopyranosylonic acid)-(2->3)-β-D-galactopyranoside | 920975-63-9 | C27H35NO16 | 629.572 |
—— | 4-methylumbelliferyl(5-acetamido-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-α-D-galactonon-2-ulopyranosylonic acid)-(2->6)-β-D-galactopyranoside | 920975-62-8 | C27H35NO16 | 629.572 |
—— | tert-butyl (4S,5S,6R,7S)-5-acetamido-2-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-2-cyano-7-[(4R)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]-6-hydroxy-4,7-bis(methoxymethoxy)heptanoate | 197234-65-4 | C29H54N2O11Si | 634.84 |
—— | cytidine-5'-monophosphono-N-acetylneuraminic acid | 3063-71-6 | C20H31N4O16P | 614.457 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
N-乙酰神经氨酸水合物 | sialic acid | 21646-00-4 | C11H19NO9 | 309.273 |
—— | 9-O-acetyl-N-acetylneuraminic acid | 81228-99-1 | C13H21NO10 | 351.31 |
—— | 5-acetamido-9-O-acetyl-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-non-2-ulopyranosonic acid | —— | C13H21NO10 | 351.31 |
—— | N-acetylneuraminic acid methyl ester | —— | C12H21NO9 | 323.3 |
N-乙酰神经氨酸甲酯 | N-acetylneuraminic acid methyl ester | 22900-11-4 | C12H21NO9 | 323.3 |
—— | methyl sialate | —— | C12H21NO9 | 323.3 |
—— | methyl N-acetyl-β-neuraminoside | 23755-35-3 | C12H21NO9 | 323.3 |
—— | N-acetylneuraminic acid α-methylglycoside | 6730-42-3 | C12H21NO9 | 323.3 |
—— | 5-acetamido-9-azido-3,5,9-trideoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosonic acid | —— | C11H18N4O8 | 334.286 |
—— | methyl 3,5-dideoxy-5-(2-hydroxyacetamido)-D-glycero-α-D-galacto-non-2-ulopyranosidonic acid | 14206-42-9 | C12H21NO10 | 339.299 |
—— | 4-O-acetyl-N-acetylneuraminic acid | 55600-96-9 | C13H21NO10 | 351.31 |
—— | O-(5-acetamido-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-α-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosylonic acid)-(2-3)-D-galactopyranose | 38711-45-4 | C17H29NO14 | 471.416 |
5-乙酰氨基-3,5-二脱氧-6-(1,2,3-三羟基丙基)己-2-酮吡喃糖苷酸二甲基酯 | N-Acetyl-β-D-neuraminylsaeure-methyl-methylglycosid | 6730-43-4 | C13H23NO9 | 337.327 |
2,7-去氢-N-乙酰基神经氨酸 | 2,7-anhydro-N-acetylneuraminic acid | 95574-95-1 | C11H17NO8 | 291.258 |
—— | (2S,4S,5R,6R)-5-Acetylamino-2-allyloxy-4-hydroxy-6-((1R,2R)-1,2,3-trihydroxy-propyl)-tetrahydro-pyran-2-carboxylic acid | 55560-08-2 | C14H23NO9 | 349.338 |
—— | 5-(acetylamino)-3,5-dideoxy-L-arabinoheptulosonic acid | 56867-18-6 | C9H15NO7 | 249.221 |
—— | 5-acetamido-7-O-acetyl-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-D-galactononulopyranosic acid | 521-77-7 | C13H21NO10 | 351.31 |
—— | 3'-sialyllactose | —— | C23H39NO19 | 633.558 |
—— | (5-acetamido-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-α-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosylonic acid)-(2→3)-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→1)-(2S,3R,4E)-2-amino-4-octadecene-1,3-diol | 94458-63-6 | C41H74N2O20 | 915.04 |
—— | NeuAcα2,6Galβ1,4GlcNAc | 17048-95-2 | C25H42N2O19 | 674.61 |
—— | (2S,4S,5R,6R)-benzyl 5-acetamido-2,4-dihydroxy-6-((1R,2R)-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-1-carboxylate | 113757-75-8 | C18H25NO9 | 399.398 |
4,7,8,9-四-O-乙酰基-N-乙酰神经氨酸甲酯 | 4,7,8,9-tetra-O-acetyl-N-acetylneuraminic acid methyl ester | 84380-10-9 | C20H29NO13 | 491.449 |
—— | (2S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetamido-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-2-[(2R,3S)-3-acetamido-4-methoxy-4-oxobutan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl]oxane-2-carboxylic acid | 763076-90-0 | C32H53N3O22 | 831.78 |
—— | 5-acetamido-3,5-dideoxy-3-fluoro-D-erythro-L-manno-2-nonulopyranosonic acid | —— | C11H18FNO9 | 327.264 |
—— | 2,4,7,8,9-Penta-O-acetyl-N-acetyl-β-D-neuraminsaeure | 19342-36-0 | C21H29NO14 | 519.46 |
—— | 5-acetamido-2,4,7,8,9-penta-O-butanoyl-3,5-dideoxy-1-methyl ester-D-glycero-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosonic acid | —— | C32H51NO14 | 673.755 |
—— | 3-O-(N-acetyl-α-neuraminosyl)deoxoglycyrrhetol | —— | C41H67NO10 | 733.984 |
—— | 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl (5-acetamido-3,5-dideoxy-α-D-glycero-D-galacto-2-nonulopylanosylonic acid)-(2->3)-O-(β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-O-[2-N-(allyloxycarbonyl)-2-amino-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranoside] | 176250-52-5 | C32H56N2O20Si | 816.884 |
—— | α-O-methyl-neuraminic acid | 57344-93-1 | C10H19NO8 | 281.263 |
—— | 3-O-(N-acetyl-β-neuraminosyl)glycyrrhetol | —— | C41H65NO11 | 747.967 |
—— | 3-O-(N-acetyl-α-neuraminosyl)glycyrrhetinic acid | —— | C41H63NO12 | 761.951 |
—— | 4-nitrophenyl O-(5-acetamido-3,5-dideoxy-α-D-glycero-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosylonic acid)-(2->3)-β-D-galactopyranoside | 81123-28-6 | C23H32N2O16 | 592.511 |
—— | methyl 3-O-(N-acetyl-α-neuraminosyl)glycyrrhetinate | —— | C42H65NO12 | 775.978 |
—— | N-acetyl-D-mannosamine | 7772-94-3 | C8H15NO6 | 221.21 |
—— | methyl 5-(ethylcarbamido)-2,4,7,8,9-penta-O-acetyl-3,5-dideoxy-3-fluoro-D-glycero-β-galacto-non-2-ulopyranosonate | —— | C23H32FNO15 | 581.503 |
—— | N-acetyl-4,7,8,9-tetra-O-acetyl-2-chloro-2-deoxyneuraminic acid methyl ester | 67670-69-3 | C20H28ClNO12 | 509.895 |
5-(乙酰氨基)-2,6-脱水-3,5-二脱氧-D-甘油-D-乳-壬-2-烯糖酸甲酯 | methyl 5-acetamido-2,6-anhydro-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-non-2-enonate | 25875-99-4 | C12H19NO8 | 305.285 |
—— | methyl (2-p-methylphenyl 5-acetamido-4,7,8,9-tetra-O-acetyl-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-α/β-D-galacto-2-thio-nonulopyranosid)onate | 1071226-27-1 | C27H35NO12S | 597.64 |
—— | cytidine-5'-monophosphono-N-acetylneuraminic acid | 3063-71-6 | C20H31N4O16P | 614.457 |
—— | (2R,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetamido-2-[[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-4-hydroxy-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl](313C)oxane-2-carboxylic acid | 288301-85-9 | C20H31N4O16P | 615.446 |
—— | CMP-Neu5Ac | 126253-08-5 | C20H31N4O16P | 614.457 |
—— | 5-acetamido-2,6-anhydro-3,5-dideoxy-4-O-[3-(phenylamino)-3-(methanesulfonylimino)propoxy]-D-glycero-D-galacto-non-2-enonic acid | 1304780-07-1 | C21H29N3O10S | 515.541 |
—— | 5-acetamido-3,5-dideoxy-2-O-methyl-D-glycero-D-galacto-2-noneno-1,4-lactone | 115400-39-0 | C12H19NO8 | 305.285 |
A strategically designed sialyl-Tn building block was synthesized in a stereospecific manner for the rapid linear construction of a glycolipopeptide cancer vaccine.