Synthesis of Methyl and Allyl alpha-Glycosides of N-Acetylneuraminic Acid in the Absence of Added Promoter.
作者:Leonid O. Kononov、Göran Magnusson、Marina I. Ferrero、Cesare Rol、Giovanni V. Sebastiani、George W. Francis、József Szúnyog、Bengt Långström
DOI:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.52-0141
日期:——
Sialic acids, especially N-acetylneuraminic acid, are present (as alpha-glycosides) on biologically important glycolipids and glycoproteins. Synthesis of sialic acid-containing oligosaccharides is therefore a prerequisite for many glycobiological studies. Such syntheses often use simple sialyl glycosides as starting materials. Their preparation usually employs heavy metal salts or other toxic and/or expensive promoters.' As a consequence, only few of these methods are suitable for large-scale preparations.We wish to report a simple, alpha/beta-selective, and high-yielding preparative procedure for the methyl sialosides 5 and 6, and the allyl sialoside 7 (Scheme 1), that avoids the use of specially added promoter (although HCl liberated during the reaction probably promotes the reaction). A few examples of 'non-catalyzed' glycosylations with acetobromohexosides, leading to de-O-acetylated methyl glycosides, have been reported.(2) Furthermore, various bromo analogs of 4 were recently used for sialylation of methanol and benzyl alcohol in the absence of metal salt promoters (but in the presence of collidinium salt) to give glycosides in 70-95% yield, with an alp ratio of 1:1-9:1.(3)The known O-acetylated N-acetylneuraminic acid(4) (1) and methyl ester(5,6) (2) were treated separately with HCl/CH2Cl2 to give acetochloroneuraminic acid(4) (3) and methyl ester(5) (4) of 90-95% purity according to H-1 NMR. Compounds 3 and 4 were each dissolved in methanol and the mixtures were kept at room temperature. According to TLC analysis, compound 3 was consumed within 1 min, whereas compound 4 required a reaction time of 1 h. Three different batches of methanol were investigated, with virtually identical results.