嘧啶类化合物
嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物，与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键，表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水，碱性较弱，并且不易发生亲电取代反应；仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应，而不具备硝化或磺化的能力，但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中，如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内，有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基：尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶；其中，在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶，而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶，并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外，许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料，嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物，例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时，它们也是农药的重要组成部分，包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外，作为染料的原料，具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性，已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-溴吡唑[3,4-D]-嘧啶 | 4-bromopyrazolo<3,4-d>pyrimidine | 30129-51-2 | C5H3BrN4 |
|
| 4-溴-7H-吡咯并[2,3-D]嘧啶 | 4-bromo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 889939-42-8 | C6H4BrN3 |
|
| 4-溴-7H-吡咯并[2,3-D]嘧啶 | 4-Bromo-5H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine | 916213-53-1 | C6H4BrN3 |
|
| 4-溴-6-羟基嘧啶 | 6-bromopyrimidin-4(3H)-one | 1086382-38-8 | C4H3BrN2O |
|
| 4-溴-6-甲氧基嘧啶 | 4-bromo-6-methoxypyrimidine | 69543-97-1 | C5H5BrN2O |
|
| 4-溴-6-甲基嘧啶 | 4-bromo-6-methylpyrimidine | 69543-98-2 | C5H5BrN2 |
|
| 4-溴-5-甲氧基嘧啶 | 4-Bromo-5-methoxypyrimidine | 1211184-80-3 | C5H5BrN2O |
|
| 4-溴-5-甲基嘧啶-2-胺 | 4-bromo-5-methylpyrimidin-2-amine | 1245643-74-6 | C5H6BrN3 |
|
| 4-溴-5-甲基嘧啶 | 4-bromo-5-methylpyrimidine | 1257851-33-4 | C5H5BrN2 |
|
| 4-溴-5-氟嘧啶 | 4-bromo-5-fluoropyrimidine | 1003706-87-3 | C4H2BrFN2 |
|
| 4-溴-4,4-二氟丁酸 | 4-bromodifluorobutyric acid | 147345-36-6 | C4H5BrF2O2 |
|
| 4-溴-3-甲基苯甲醛 | 3-methyl-4-bromobenzaldehyde | 78775-11-8 | C8H7BrO |
|
| 4-溴-3,5-二氯嘧啶 | 4-bromo-3,5-dichloropyridine | 343781-45-3 | C5H2BrCl2N |
|
| 4-溴-2-羟基嘧啶 | 4-Bromo-2-hydroxypyrimidine | 548767-83-5 | C4H3BrN2O |
|
| 4-溴-2-甲氧基嘧啶 | 4-bromo-2-methoxypyrimidine | 959240-72-3 | C5H5BrN2O |
|
| 4-溴-2-甲基嘧啶 | 4-bromo-2-methylpyrimidine | 1114560-76-7 | C5H5BrN2 |
|
| 4-溴-2-氯-6-氟-苯甲醛 | 4-bromo-2-chloro-6-fluorobenzaldehyde | 929621-33-0 | C7H3BrClFO |
|
| 4-溴-2-氨基-7H-吡咯并[2,3-D]嘧啶 | 4-Bromo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-amine | 848694-32-6 | C6H5BrN4 |
|
| 4-溴-2-氟嘧啶 | 4-bromo-2-fluoropyrimidine | 1209458-22-9 | C4H2BrFN2 |
|
| 4-溴-2-嘧啶羧酸 | 4-bromopyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid | 259810-39-4 | C5H3BrN2O2 |
|
| 4-溴-2-三氟甲基嘧啶 | 4-bromo-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine | 1034827-56-9 | C5H2BrF3N2 |
|
| 4-溴-2-(甲硫磺酰)嘧啶 | 4-bromo-2-(methylsulfonyl)pyrimidine | 1208538-52-6 | C5H5BrN2O2S |
|
| 4-溴-2,6-双(苯基甲氧基)嘧啶 | 6-bromo-2,4-bis(benzyloxy)pyrimidine | 70523-27-2 | C18H15BrN2O2 |
|
| 4-溴-2,6-二甲氧基嘧啶 | 4-bromo-2,6-dimethoxypyrimidine | 60186-89-2 | C6H7BrN2O2 |
|
| 4-溴-2,6-二甲基嘧啶 | 4-bromo-2,6-dimethylpyrimidine | 354574-56-4 | C6H7BrN2 |
|
| 4-溴-2,6-二甲基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-2,4-dimethylpyrimidine | 69696-37-3 | C6H7BrN2 |
|
| 4-溴-1H,2H,3H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-2-酮 | 4-bromo-1,3-dihydro-2H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-2-one | 1086064-49-4 | C7H5BrN2O |
|
| 4-氰基嘧啶 | pyrimidine-4-carbonitrile | 42839-04-3 | C5H3N3 |
|
| 4-氰基-5-溴嘧啶 | 5-bromopyrimidine-4-carbonitrile | 114969-66-3 | C5H2BrN3 |
|
| 4-氯苯并呋喃[3,2d]吡啶 | 4-chlorobenzofuro[3,2-d]pyrimidine | 39876-88-5 | C10H5ClN2O |
|
| 4-氯甲基-6-甲氧基嘧啶 | 4-(chloromethyl)-6-methoxypyrimidine | 94170-63-5 | C6H7ClN2O |
|
| 4-氯甲基-2,6-二氯嘧啶 | 2,4-dichloro-6-(chloromethyl)pyrimidine | 94170-66-8 | C5H3Cl3N2 |
|
| 4-氯噻吩并[3,2-d]嘧啶 | 4-chlorothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine | 16269-66-2 | C6H3ClN2S |
|
| 4-氯噻吩[2,3-D]嘧啶 | 4-chlorothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 14080-59-2 | C6H3ClN2S |
|
| 4-氯嘧啶-5-甲酸乙酯 | ethyl 4-chloropyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 41103-17-7 | C7H7ClN2O2 |
|
| 4-氯嘧啶-5-甲酸 | 4-chloropyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid | 933686-33-0 | C5H3ClN2O2 |
|
| 4-氯嘧啶-5-甲腈 | 4-chloro-pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile | 16357-68-9 | C5H2ClN3 |
|
| 4-氯嘧啶-2-羧酸 | 4-chloropyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid | 944901-20-6 | C5H3ClN2O2 |
|
| 4-氯嘧啶-2-甲醛 | 4-chloropyrimidine-2-carbaldehyde | 944902-13-0 | C5H3ClN2O |
|
| 4-氯嘧啶 | 4-chloropyrimidine | 17180-93-7 | C4H3ClN2 |
|
| 4-氯呋喃并[3,2-d]嘧啶 | 4-chlorofuro[3,2-d]pyrimidine | 655255-09-7 | C6H3ClN2O |
|
| 4-氯呋喃[2,3-D]嘧啶 | 4-chlorofuro[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 918340-51-9 | C6H3ClN2O |
|
| 4-氯吡啶并[4,3-d]嘧啶 | 4-chloro-pyrido[4,3-<i>d</i>]pyrimidine | 89583-92-6 | C7H4ClN3 |
|
| 4-氯吡咯并嘧啶 | 4-chloro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 3680-69-1 | C6H4ClN3 |
|
| 4-氯吡咯并[2,3-D]嘧啶 | 4-Chloro-5H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine | 84905-80-6 | C6H4ClN3 |
|
| 4-氯吡咯并[2,3-D]嘧啶 | 4-chloro-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 28732-79-8 | C7H4ClN3 |
|
| 4-氯-噻吩并[3,2-d]嘧啶-6-羧酸 | 4-chlorothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid | 875515-76-7 | C7H3ClN2O2S |
|
| 4-氯-吡啶并[3,2-d]嘧啶 | 4-chloropyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidine | 51674-77-2 | C7H4ClN3 |
|
| 4-氯-吡啶[3,4-D]嘧啶 | 4-chloro-pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidine | 51752-67-1 | C7H4ClN3 |
|
| 4-氯-N-甲基嘧啶-2-胺 | 4-chloro-N-methylpyrimidin-2-amine | 22404-46-2 | C5H6ClN3 |
|
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