嘧啶类化合物
嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物，与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键，表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水，碱性较弱，并且不易发生亲电取代反应；仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应，而不具备硝化或磺化的能力，但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中，如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内，有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基：尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶；其中，在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶，而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶，并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外，许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料，嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物，例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时，它们也是农药的重要组成部分，包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外，作为染料的原料，具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性，已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-氯-5,6-二甲基嘧啶 | 4-chloro-5,6-dimethylpyrimidine | 67434-65-5 | C6H7ClN2 |
|
| 4-氯-5,6-二甲基-2-(三氟甲基)嘧啶 | 4-chloro-5,6-dimethyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine | 175277-32-4 | C7H6ClF3N2 |
|
| 4-氯-2-苯氨基嘧啶 | 4-chloro-N-phenylpyrimidin-2-amine | 52057-92-8 | C10H8ClN3 |
|
| 4-氯-2-苯基噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-phenylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 56843-80-2 | C12H7ClN2S |
|
| 4-氯-2-苯基嘧啶-5-羧酸 | 4-chloro-2-phenyl-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid | 343349-20-2 | C11H7ClN2O2 |
|
| 4-氯-2-苯基嘧啶-5-甲酸乙酯 | ethyl 4-chloro-2-phenylpyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 24755-82-6 | C13H11ClN2O2 |
|
| 4-氯-2-苯基嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-phenylpyrimidine | 14790-42-2 | C10H7ClN2 |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲磺酰基嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-methanesulfonylpyrimidine | 97229-11-3 | C5H5ClN2O2S |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲硫基噻吩并[3,2-d]嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-(methylthio)thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine | 176530-47-5 | C7H5ClN2S2 |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲硫基嘧啶-5-腈 | 4-chloro-5-cyano-2-methylthiopyrimidine | 33089-15-5 | C6H4ClN3S |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲硫基嘧啶-5-羧酸乙酯 | 4-chloro-2-methanesulfanylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester | 5909-24-0 | C8H9ClN2O2S |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲硫基嘧啶-5-羧酸 | 4-chloro-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde | 148256-82-0 | C6H5ClN2OS |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲硫基嘧啶-5-甲酸 | 4-chloro-2-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid | 74840-34-9 | C6H5ClN2O2S |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲硫基-6-三氟甲基嘧啶 | 4-Chloro-2-methylthio-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine | 16097-63-5 | C6H4ClF3N2S |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲硫基-6-(丙基氨基)嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-methylmercapto-6-(N-propylamino)pyrimidine | 261765-64-4 | C8H12ClN3S |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲氧基嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-methoxypyrimidine | 51421-99-9 | C5H5ClN2O |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲氧基-6-甲基-嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-methoxy-6-methylpyrimidine | 97041-37-7 | C6H7ClN2O |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲氧基-5-甲基嘧啶 | 4-Chloro-2-methoxy-5-methylpyrimidine | 1289385-41-6 | C6H7ClN2O |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲基硫代-5-嘧啶乙酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-(4-chloro-2-(methylthio)pyrimidin-5-yl)acetate | 61727-34-2 | C9H11ClN2O2S |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲基硫代-5-嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-(methylthio)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine | 919116-36-2 | C6H4ClF3N2S |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲基噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 56843-79-9 | C7H5ClN2S |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲基嘧啶-5-胺 | 4-chloro-2-methylpyrimidin-5-amine | 20090-59-9 | C5H6ClN3 |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲基嘧啶-5-甲酸乙酯 | ethyl 4-chloro-2-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 2134-36-3 | C8H9ClN2O2 |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲基嘧啶-5-甲酸 | 4-Chloro-2-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid | 933702-81-9 | C6H5ClN2O2 |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲基嘧啶-5-甲腈 | 4-chloro-2-methylpyrimidine-5-carbonitrile | 38875-74-0 | C6H4ClN3 |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲基嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-methylpyrimidine | 4994-86-9 | C5H5ClN2 |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲基-噻吩[3,2-D]嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-methylthieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine | 319442-16-5 | C7H5ClN2S |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲基-6-丙基嘧啶 | 4-Chlor-2-methyl-6-propylpyrimidin | 89967-20-4 | C8H11ClN2 |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲基-6-三氟甲基嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine | 5993-98-6 | C6H4ClF3N2 |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲基-6-(吡咯啉-1-基)嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-methyl-6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)pyrimidine | 914349-69-2 | C9H12ClN3 |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲基-5H-吡咯并[3,2-d]嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-methyl-5H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine | 65749-86-2 | C7H6ClN3 |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲基-5-异丙基嘧啶 | 4-Chloro-5-isopropyl-2-methylpyrimidine | 1015846-31-7 | C8H11ClN2 |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲基-5-丙基嘧啶 | 4-Chloro-2-methyl-5-propylpyrimidine | 959239-77-1 | C8H11ClN2 |
|
| 4-氯-2-甲基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 71149-52-5 | C7H6ClN3 |
|
| 4-氯-2-嘧啶甲腈 | 4-chloropyrimidine-2-carbonitrile | 898044-48-9 | C5H2ClN3 |
|
| 4-氯-2-哌嗪-1-基嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-piperazin-1-yl-pyrimidine | 179756-90-2 | C8H11ClN4 |
|
| 4-氯-2-叔丁基嘧啶 | 2-t-butyl-4-chloropyrimidine | 18436-67-4 | C8H11ClN2 |
|
| 4-氯-2-乙氧基-嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-ethoxypyrimidine | 92520-02-0 | C6H7ClN2O |
|
| 4-氯-2-乙氧基-6-甲基嘧啶 | 4-Chloro-2-ethoxy-6-methylpyrimidine | 932701-88-7 | C7H9ClN2O |
|
| 4-氯-2-乙氧基-5-甲基嘧啶 | 4-Chloro-2-ethoxy-5-methylpyrimidine | 1289384-90-2 | C7H9ClN2O |
|
| 4-氯-2-乙氧基-5-氟嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-ethoxy-5-fluoro-pyrimidine | 56076-20-1 | C6H6ClFN2O |
|
| 4-氯-2-乙基硫烷基-6-甲基嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-ethylsulfanyl-6-methyl-pyrimidine | 22727-18-0 | C7H9ClN2S |
|
| 4-氯-2-三氟甲基噻吩并[3,2-D]嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine | 147972-27-8 | C7H2ClF3N2S |
|
| 4-氯-2-(甲磺酰基)噻吩并[2,3-D]嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-(methylsulfonyl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 598298-11-4 | C7H5ClN2O2S2 |
|
| 4-氯-2-(甲硫基)噻吩并[2,3-D]嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-(methylthio)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 598298-10-3 | C7H5ClN2S2 |
|
| 4-氯-2-(甲巯基)嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-pyridyl methyl sulfide | 334542-44-8 | C6H6ClNS |
|
| 4-氯-2-(氨甲基)嘧啶 | (4-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)methanamine | 944902-16-3 | C5H6ClN3 |
|
| 4-氯-2-(异丙基氨基)-6-甲基嘧啶 | 4-chloro-N-isopropyl-6-methylpyrimidin-2-amine | 5748-34-5 | C8H12ClN3 |
|
| 4-氯-2-(乙基氨基)嘧啶 | 4-chloro-N-ethylpyrimidin-2-amine | 86575-65-7 | C6H8ClN3 |
|
| 4-氯-2-(4-氟苯胺基)-5,6-二甲基嘧啶 | 4-chloro-2-(4-fluorophenylamino)-5,6-dimethylpyrimidine | 199463-20-2 | C12H11ClFN3 |
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