嘧啶类化合物
嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物，与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键，表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水，碱性较弱，并且不易发生亲电取代反应；仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应，而不具备硝化或磺化的能力，但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中，如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内，有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基：尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶；其中，在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶，而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶，并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外，许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料，嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物，例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时，它们也是农药的重要组成部分，包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外，作为染料的原料，具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性，已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-碘-2-甲基磺酰基嘧啶 | 4-iodo-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine | 1122-74-3 | C5H5IN2S |
|
| 4-硫尿嘧啶 | 4-thiouracil | 591-28-6 | C4H4N2OS |
|
| 4-硫代胸腺嘧啶 | 4-thiothymine | 35455-79-9 | C5H6N2OS |
|
| 4-甲胺基-2-甲硫基-5-醛基嘧啶 | 4-methylamino-2-methylthiopyrimidine-5-carboxaldehyde | 185040-32-8 | C7H9N3OS |
|
| 4-甲胺基-2-甲硫基-5-嘧啶甲酸乙酯 | 4-methylamino-2-methylsulfanyl-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester | 76360-82-2 | C9H13N3O2S |
|
| 4-甲氨基嘧啶 | 4(6)-methylaminopyrimidine | 22632-10-6 | C5H7N3 |
|
| 4-甲氧基嘧啶-5-胺 | 4-methoxy-pyrimidin-5-ylamine | 15579-82-5 | C5H7N3O |
|
| 4-甲氧基嘧啶 | 4-methoxypyrimidine | 6104-41-2 | C5H6N2O |
|
| 4-甲氧基-6-羟基嘧啶 | 6-methoxypyrimidin-4-ol | 6128-06-9 | C5H6N2O2 |
|
| 4-甲氧基-5-氨基-6-氯嘧啶 | 4-chloro-6-methoxypyrimidin-5-amine | 15846-19-2 | C5H6ClN3O |
|
| 4-甲氧基-5-嘧啶羧酸 | 4-methoxy-5-pyrimidinyl carboxylic acid | 72411-89-3 | C6H6N2O3 |
|
| 4-甲氧基-5-嘧啶羧胺 | 4-chloropyrimidine-5-carboxamide | 911461-30-8 | C6H7N3O2 |
|
| 4-甲氧基-5-嘧啶甲酸乙基酯 | 4-Methoxy-pyrimidin-5-carbonsaeure-ethylester | 71133-21-6 | C8H10N2O3 |
|
| 4-甲氧基-3-(三异丙基甲硅烷基)嘧啶 | 4-methoxy-3-(trisopropylsilyl)pyridine | 126378-42-5 | C15H27NOSi |
|
| 4-甲氧基-2-苯基嘧啶 | 4-methoxy-2-phenylpyrimidine | 33630-20-5 | C11H10N2O |
|
| 4-甲氧基-2-肼嘧啶 | (4-methoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl)-hydrazine | 89181-80-6 | C5H8N4O |
|
| 4-甲氧基-2-甲基嘧啶 | 4-methoxy-2-methyl-pyrimidine | 7314-65-0 | C6H8N2O |
|
| 4-甲氧基-2-甲基-5-氨基嘧啶 | 4-methoxy-2-methyl-pyrimidin-5-ylamine | 53135-45-8 | C6H9N3O |
|
| 4-甲氧基-2-(1-哌嗪基)嘧啶 | 4-methoxy-2-(piperazin-1-yl)pyrimidine | 55745-88-5 | C9H14N4O |
|
| 4-甲基苯硫酸氢氯酸嘧啶 | p-methanesulfonylbenzyl amine | 4393-16-2 | C8H11NO2S |
|
| 4-甲基嘧啶-5-甲酸 | 4-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid | 157335-92-7 | C6H6N2O2 |
|
| 4-甲基嘧啶-2-腈 | 4-Methyl-2-pyrimidinecarbonitrile | 77768-02-6 | C6H5N3 |
|
| 4-甲基嘧啶 | 4-Methylpyrimidine | 3438-46-8 | C5H6N2 |
|
| 4-甲基-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶 | 4-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 945950-37-8 | C7H7N3 |
|
| 4-甲基-6-苯基嘧啶 | 4-methyl-6-phenoxypyrimidine | 55849-46-2 | C11H10N2O |
|
| 4-甲基-6-苯基-2-氨基嘧啶 | 2-amino-6-methyl-4-phenylpyrimidine | 15755-15-4 | C11H11N3 |
|
| 4-甲基-5-氨基嘧啶 | 4-methylpyrimidin-5-amine | 3438-61-7 | C5H7N3 |
|
| 4-甲基-5-嘧啶甲酸甲酯 | methyl 4-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 157335-94-9 | C7H8N2O2 |
|
| 4-甲基-5-嘧啶甲酸乙酯 | ethoxycarbonyl-5 methyl-4 pyrimidine | 110960-73-1 | C8H10N2O2 |
|
| 4-甲基-5-乙酰基嘧啶2-酮 | 2-hydroxy-4-methyl-5-acetylpyrimidine | 113246-41-6 | C7H8N2O2 |
|
| 4-甲基-5-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼杂环戊烷-2-基)嘧啶 | 4-methyl-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyrimidine | 1370001-96-9 | C11H17BN2O2 |
|
| 4-甲基-2-苯基-5-嘧啶甲醛 | 4-methyl-2-phenyl-5-pyrimidinecarboxaldehyde | 342405-36-1 | C12H10N2O |
|
| 4-甲基-2-苯基-5-嘧啶甲酸 | 2-Phenyl-4-methyl-5-carboxy-pyrimidin | 103249-79-2 | C12H10N2O2 |
|
| 4-甲基-2-羟基嘧啶-5-羧酸乙酯 | 6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester | 6214-64-8 | C8H10N2O3 |
|
| 4-甲基-2-甲磺酰基嘧啶 | 2-(methylsulfonyl)-4-methylpyrimidine | 77166-01-9 | C6H8N2O2S |
|
| 4-甲基-2-甲硫基嘧啶-5-甲酸乙酯 | ethyl 4-methyl-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 7234-25-5 | C9H12N2O2S |
|
| 4-甲基-2-甲硫基嘧啶 | 2-methylthio-4-methylpyrimidine | 14001-63-9 | C6H8N2S |
|
| 4-甲基-2-甲基硫烷基嘧啶-5-甲腈 | 5-cyano-4-methyl-2-methylthiopyrimidine | 89079-62-9 | C7H7N3S |
|
| 4-甲基-2-氯嘧啶-5-羧酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-chloro-4-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 188781-08-0 | C8H9ClN2O2 |
|
| 4-甲基-2-嘧啶羧酸 | 4-methyl-pyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid | 933738-87-5 | C6H6N2O2 |
|
| 4-甲基-2-(三氟甲基)嘧啶 | 4-methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine | 1017464-05-9 | C6H5F3N2 |
|
| 4-环戊基氨基-2-甲基磺酰基嘧啶-5-羧酸乙酯 | ethyl 4-(cyclopentylamino)-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 211245-62-4 | C13H19N3O2S |
|
| 4-环丙基嘧啶-2-胺 | 4-cyclopropylpyrimidin-2-amine | 21573-15-9 | C7H9N3 |
|
| 4-溴甲基-2-甲基硫代嘧啶 | 4-(Bromomethyl)-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine | 135645-63-5 | C6H7BrN2S |
|
| 4-溴甲基-2-氯嘧啶 | 4-(bromomethyl)-2-chloropyrimidine | 181363-06-4 | C5H4BrClN2 |
|
| 4-溴嘧啶氢溴酸盐 | 4-bromopyrimidine hydrobromide | 1187931-22-1 | BrH*C4H3BrN2 |
|
| 4-溴嘧啶-2-羧酸乙酯 | ethyl 4-bromopyrimidine-2-carboxylate | 1379364-87-0 | C7H7BrN2O2 |
|
| 4-溴嘧啶-2-甲腈 | 4-bromopyrimidine-2-carbonitrile | 1160995-48-1 | C5H2BrN3 |
|
| 4-溴嘧啶 | 4-bromopyrimidine | 31462-56-3 | C4H3BrN2 |
|
| 4-溴吡啶-2-氨基甲酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl (4-bromopyridin-2-yl)carbamate | 207799-10-8 | C10H13BrN2O2 |
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