嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物,与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键,表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水,碱性较弱,并且不易发生亲电取代反应;仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应,而不具备硝化或磺化的能力,但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中,如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内,有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基:尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶;其中,在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶,而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶,并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外,许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料,嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物,例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时,它们也是农药的重要组成部分,包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外,作为染料的原料,具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性,已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
---|---|---|---|---|
假尿嘧啶核苷 | Protoveratrine B | 124-97-0 | C41H63NO15 |
|
亚硫酸氢二甲基嘧啶甲萘醌,维生素K3-MPB | Menadione dimethylpyrimidinol bisulfite | 14451-99-1 | C17H18N2O6S |
|
二环[2.2.2]辛烷-3-羧酸 | bicyclo(2.2.2)octane-2-carboxylic acid | 29221-25-8 | C9H14O2 |
|
二氨基尿嘧啶盐酸盐 | 5,6-diamino-1<i>H</i>-pyrimidine-2,4-dione; hydrochloride | 53608-89-2 | C4H6N4O2*ClH |
|
二氢-6-甲基-2,4-二嘧啶酮 | 5,6-Dihydro-6-methyluracil | 2434-49-3 | C5H8N2O2 |
|
二氢-6-亚氨基-1,3-二甲基-3H-嘧啶-2,4,5-三酮 5-肟 | Dihydro-6-imino-1,3-dimethyl-3H-pyrimidine-2,4,5-trione 5-oxime | 58537-55-6 | C6H8N4O3 |
|
二乙基[2-(5-乙基六氢-2,4,6-三氧代-5-苯基嘧啶-2-基)乙基]甲基铵碘化物 | 1-{2-[Diethyl(methyl)azaniumyl]ethyl}-5-ethyl-2,6-dioxo-5-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-4-olate--hydrogen iodide (1/1) | 6191-48-6 | C19H28IN3O3 |
|
乙酰亚磷酸二乙酯 | diethyl acetylphosphonate | 919-19-7 | C6H13O4P |
|
乙酯2,4-二氨基-嘧啶-5-甲酸 | 2,4-diamino-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester | 15400-54-1 | C7H10N4O2 |
|
乙基2-羰基-4-苯基吡咯烷-3-羧酸 | 4-phenyl-3-carbethoxy-2-pyrrolidone | 52450-32-5 | C13H15NO3 |
|
乙基2-(4,6-二氯嘧啶-2-基)-乙酸酯 | ethyl 2-(4,6-dichloropyrimidin-2-yl)acetate | 63155-10-2 | C8H8Cl2N2O2 |
|
乙基 2-苯基嘧啶-5-羧酸 | ethyl 2-phenylpyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 85386-14-7 | C13H12N2O2 |
|
乙二醇双羟甲基醚 | ethane-1,2-diyldioxy-bis-methanol | 3586-55-8 | C4H10O4 |
|
三戊酸甘油酯 | glycerol tripentanoate | 620-68-8 | C18H32O6 |
|
丁氧基羰基-D-5-溴尿嘧啶 | Boc-D-Asp-OtBu | 77004-75-2 | C13H23NO6 |
|
{2-[2-(2-羟基乙氧基)乙氧基]乙基}氨基甲酸苄酯 | benzyl (2-(2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)carbamate | 205535-92-8 | C14H21NO5 |
|
a-三氯甲基-2-嘧啶乙醇 | 1,1,1-trichloro-3-pyrimidin-2-yl-propan-2-ol | 408533-65-3 | C7H7Cl3N2O |
|
[4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-7H-吡咯并[2,3-D]嘧啶-7-基]甲基特戊酸酯 | (4-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl pivalate | 1146629-77-7 | C15H17N5O2 |
|
[3-(2-嘧啶基氧基)苯基]甲醇 | (3-Pyrimidin-2-yloxyphenyl)methanol | 82440-25-3 | C11H10N2O2 |
|
[2-(叔丁氧羰基氨基)嘧啶-5-基]硼酸 | (2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)pyrimidin-5-yl)boronic acid | 883231-25-2 | C9H14BN3O4 |
|
[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-A]嘧啶-2-羧酸甲酯 | Methyl [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylate | 1082977-64-7 | C7H6N4O2 |
|
[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-A]嘧啶-2-羧酸 | [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid | 202065-25-6 | C6H4N4O2 |
|
[1,2,4]三唑[4,3-A]嘧啶-6-羧酸 | [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid | 933708-92-0 | C7H5N3O2 |
|
[(5-溴-2-嘧啶)硫代]乙酸 | 2-((5-Bromopyrimidin-2-yl)thio)acetic acid | 52767-92-7 | C6H5BrN2O2S |
|
S-Boc-2-巯基-4,6-二甲基嘧啶 | S-tert-butoxycarbonyl-4,6-dimethyl-2-mercaptopyrimidine | 41840-28-2 | C11H16N2O2S |
|
S-(-)-2-甲基-1-丁醇 | (2S)-2-methyl-1-butanol | 1565-80-6 | C5H12O |
|
S)-4-(3-氯-4-甲氧基苯氨基)-5-羧基-2-(2-羟甲基-1-吡咯基)嘧啶 | (S)-4-((3-chloro-4-methoxybenzyl)amino)-2-(2-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid | 330785-84-7 | C18H21ClN4O4 |
|
R-(3)-苄氧基肉豆蔻酸 | (R)-3-benzyloxytetradecanoic acid | 87357-67-3 | C21H34O3 |
|
O-(2-巯乙基)-O′-甲基-六(乙二醇) | alpha-methoxy-omega-mercapto hepta(ethylene glycol) | 651042-82-9 | C15H32O7S |
|
O,O’-双(三甲基硅烷)-5-氟尿嘧啶 | 5-fluoro-2,4-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)pyrimidine | 17242-85-2 | C10H19FN2O2Si2 |
|
N2-[4-(氨基甲基)苯基]-5-氟-n4-苯基嘧啶-2,4-二胺 | CZC-8004 | 916603-07-1 | C17H16FN5 |
|
N2-(2-氨基乙基)-N1,N1-二甲基乙二胺 | N2-(2-aminoethyl)-N1,N1-dimethyl-1,2-ethanediamine | 24229-53-6 | C6H17N3 |
|
N-苯基邻氨基苯甲酸 | 2-(phenylamino)benzoic acid | 91-40-7 | C13H11NO2 |
|
N-苄氧羰基六氢-1H-氮杂卓-4-酮 | benzyl 4-oxoazepane-1-carboxylate | 83621-33-4 | C14H17NO3 |
|
N-苄基-2-氯嘧啶-4-胺 | N-benzyl-2-chloropyrimidin-4-amine | 71406-74-1 | C11H10ClN3 |
|
N-羟基-5-嘧啶羧酰胺 | N-hydroxypyrimidine-5-carboximidamide | 90993-50-3 | C5H6N4O |
|
N-羟基-4-嘧啶甲脒 | N’-hydroxypyrimidine-4-carboximidamide | 51285-11-1 | C5H6N4O |
|
N-羟基-2-嘧啶羧酰胺 | (Z)-N'-hydroxypyrimidine-2-carboximidamide | 90993-49-0 | C5H6N4O |
|
N-甲基-4-嘧啶甲胺 | N-Methyl-1-(pyrimidin-4-yl)methanamine | 179873-38-2 | C6H9N3 |
|
N-甲基-2-嘧啶甲胺 | N-Methyl-2-pyrimidinemethanamine | 1083246-53-0 | C6H9N3 |
|
N-环戊基-5-嘧啶胺 | 5-(cyclopentylamino)pyrimidine | 894853-94-2 | C9H13N3 |
|
N-环丙基-5-氟-2-嘧啶胺 | N-Cyclopropyl-5-fluoropyrimidin-2-amine | 1289387-32-1 | C7H8FN3 |
|
N-烯丙基-6-氯嘧啶-4-胺 | N-allyl-6-chloro-4-pyrimidinamine | 160416-47-7 | C7H8ClN3 |
|
N-乙基-5-氟-2-嘧啶胺 | N-Ethyl-5-fluoropyrimidin-2-amine | 1289386-10-2 | C6H8FN3 |
|
N-boc-5-溴-2-嘧啶甲胺 | tert-butyl N-[(5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]carbamate | 1235451-38-3 | C10H14BrN3O2 |
|
N-[5-(联苯-膦酰基甲基)-4-(4-氟-苯基)-6-异丙基-嘧啶-2-基]-N-甲基-甲烷磺胺 | N-(5-((diphenylphosphoryl)methyl)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)- 6-isopropylpyrimidin-2-yl)-N-methylmethansulfonamide | 289042-10-0 | C28H29FN3O3PS |
|
N-[5-(4-溴苯基)-6-氯-4-嘧啶基]-N'-丙基氨基磺酰胺 | N-5-(4-bromophenyl)-6-chloro-4-pyrimidinyl-N'-propylsulfamide | 1393813-42-7 | C13H14BrClN4O2S |
|
N-[4-三氟甲基嘧啶-2-基]乙二胺 | tert-butyl furan-2-ylcarbamate | 56267-47-1 | C9H13NO3 |
|
N-[(1R)-2-[5-溴-3-[[2-氟-6-(三氟甲基)苯基]甲基]-3,6-二氢-4-甲基-2,6-二氧代-1(2H)-嘧啶基]-1-苯基乙基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl (R)-(2-(5-bromo-3-(2-fluoro-6-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)-4-methyl-2,6-dioxo-3,6-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-1-phenylethyl)carbamate | 830346-49-1 | C26H26BrF4N3O4 |
|
N-Cbz-哌啶-4-羧酸 | 1-benzyloxycarbonylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid | 10314-98-4 | C14H17NO4 |
|