嘧啶类化合物
嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物，与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键，表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水，碱性较弱，并且不易发生亲电取代反应；仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应，而不具备硝化或磺化的能力，但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中，如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内，有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基：尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶；其中，在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶，而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶，并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外，许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料，嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物，例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时，它们也是农药的重要组成部分，包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外，作为染料的原料，具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性，已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5-溴-4-氯噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4-chlorothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 814918-95-1 | C6H2BrClN2S |
| 5-溴-4-氯嘧啶-2-胺 | 5-bromo-4-chloropyrimidin-2-amine | 1044767-99-8 | C4H3BrClN3 |
| 5-溴-4-氯-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4-chloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 22276-95-5 | C6H3BrClN3 |
| 5-溴-4-氯-7-甲基-7h-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4-chloro-7-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 1266343-30-9 | C7H5BrClN3 |
| 5-溴-4-氯-6-甲基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4-chloro-6-methylpyrimidine | 3438-55-9 | C5H4BrClN2 |
| 5-溴-4-氯-6-甲基-2-嘧啶胺 | 5-bromo-4-chloro-6-methylpyrimidin-2-amine | 6314-12-1 | C5H5BrClN3 |
| 5-溴-4-氯-6-三氟甲基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4-chloro-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine | 425392-76-3 | C5HBrClF3N2 |
| 5-溴-4-氯-2-甲氧基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4-chloro-2-methoxy-pyrimidine | 57054-93-0 | C5H4BrClN2O |
| 5-溴-4-氯-2-甲基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4-chloro-2-methylpyrimidine | 861383-73-5 | C5H4BrClN2 |
| 5-溴-4-戊基嘧啶 | 5-Bromo-4-pentylpyrimidine | 951884-34-7 | C9H13BrN2 |
| 5-溴-4-异辛基嘧啶 | 5-Bromo-4-(6-methylheptyl)pyrimidine | 951884-24-5 | C12H19BrN2 |
| 5-溴-4-异戊基嘧啶 | 5-Bromo-4-isopentylpyrimidine | 951884-42-7 | C9H13BrN2 |
| 5-溴-4-异丙基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4-isopropylpyrimidine | 951884-28-9 | C7H9BrN2 |
| 5-溴-4-庚基嘧啶 | 5-Bromo-4-heptylpyrimidine | 951884-44-9 | C11H17BrN2 |
| 5-溴-4-己基嘧啶 | 5-Bromo-4-hexylpyrimidine | 951884-38-1 | C10H15BrN2 |
| 5-溴-4-嘧啶甲醛 | 5-bromopyrimidine-4-carbaldehyde | 933746-26-0 | C5H3BrN2O |
| 5-溴-4-嘧啶甲酸甲酯 | methyl 5-bromopyrimidine-4-carboxylate | 1009826-93-0 | C6H5BrN2O2 |
| 5-溴-4-嘧啶甲酸 | 5-bromopyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid | 64224-60-8 | C5H3BrN2O2 |
| 5-溴-4-嘧啶乙酸 | 2-(5-Bromopyrimidin-4-yl)acetic acid | 933721-19-8 | C6H5BrN2O2 |
| 5-溴-4-乙基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4-ethylpyrimidine | 951884-36-9 | C6H7BrN2 |
| 5-溴-4-丙基嘧啶 | 5-Bromo-4-propylpyrimidine | 951884-26-7 | C7H9BrN2 |
| 5-溴-4-丁基嘧啶 | 5-Bromo-4-butylpyrimidine | 4595-64-6 | C8H11BrN2 |
| 5-溴-4-P-甲苯基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4-(p-tolyl)pyrimidine | 149323-50-2 | C11H9BrN2 |
| 5-溴-4-O-甲苯基嘧啶 | 5-Bromo-4-o-tolylpyrimidine | 941294-34-4 | C11H9BrN2 |
| 5-溴-4-(噻吩-2-基)嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4-(thiophen-2-yl)pyrimidine | 5162-74-3 | C8H5BrN2S |
| 5-溴-4-(仲丁基)嘧啶 | 5-Bromo-4-sec-butylpyrimidine | 951884-30-3 | C8H11BrN2 |
| 5-溴-4-(4-甲氧基苯基)嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrimidine | 941294-41-3 | C11H9BrN2O |
| 5-溴-4-(4-乙苯基)嘧啶 | 5-Bromo-4-(4-ethylphenyl)pyrimidine | 951884-40-5 | C12H11BrN2 |
| 5-溴-4-(3-甲氧基苯基)嘧啶 | 5-Bromo-4-(3-methoxyphenyl)pyrimidine | 941294-40-2 | C11H9BrN2O |
| 5-溴-4-(3,4-二甲基苯基)嘧啶 | 5-Bromo-4-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)pyrimidine | 941294-38-8 | C12H11BrN2 |
| 5-溴-4-(2,5-二甲基苯基)嘧啶 | 5-Bromo-4-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)pyrimidine | 941294-35-5 | C12H11BrN2 |
| 5-溴-4-(2,4-二甲基苯基)嘧啶 | 5-Bromo-4-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)pyrimidine | 941294-39-9 | C12H11BrN2 |
| 5-溴-4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine | 4319-77-1 | C6H7BrN2O2 |
| 5-溴-4,6-二甲基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine | 157335-97-2 | C6H7BrN2 |
| 5-溴-4,6-二氟嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4,6-difluoropyrimidine | 946681-88-5 | C4HBrF2N2 |
| 5-溴-3-碘-1H-吡唑并[3,4-B]嘧啶 | 5-bromo-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine | 875781-18-3 | C6H3BrIN3 |
| 5-溴-3,6-二甲基尿嘧啶 | 5-bromo-3,6-dimethylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione | 39968-37-1 | C6H7BrN2O2 |
| 5-溴-2-（2-甲氧基-4-甲基苯氧基）嘧啶 | 5-Bromo-2-(2-methoxy-4-methylphenoxy)pyrimidine | 1017789-03-5 | C12H11BrN2O2 |
| 5-溴-2-苯氧基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-2-phenoxypyrimidine | 257280-25-4 | C10H7BrN2O |
| 5-溴-2-苯基嘧啶-4-羧酸 | 5-bromo-2-phenyl-pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid | 179260-95-8 | C11H7BrN2O2 |
| 5-溴-2-苯基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-2-phenylpyrimidine | 38696-20-7 | C10H7BrN2 |
| 5-溴-2-苯基-4(3H)-嘧啶酮 | 5-bromo-2-phenyl-3H-pyrimidin-4-one | 26786-28-7 | C10H7BrN2O |
| 5-溴-2-肼基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-2-hydrazinopyrimidine | 823-89-2 | C4H5BrN4 |
| 5-溴-2-羟基嘧啶-4-甲酸甲酯 | 4-Methoxycarbonyl-5-brompyrimidin-2-on | 71933-03-4 | C6H5BrN2O3 |
| 5-溴-2-羟基嘧啶 | 5-bromopyrimidin-2-ol | 38353-06-9 | C4H3BrN2O |
| 5-溴-2-羟基-4-甲基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4-methyl-1<i>H</i>-pyrimidin-2-one | 69849-34-9 | C5H5BrN2O |
| 5-溴-2-碘嘧啶 | 5-bromo-2-iodopyrimidine | 183438-24-6 | C4H2BrIN2 |
| 5-溴-2-甲磺酰基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-2-(methylsulfonyl)pyrimidine | 38275-48-8 | C5H5BrN2O2S |
| 5-溴-2-甲氧基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-2-methoxypyrimidine | 14001-66-2 | C5H5BrN2O |
| 5-溴-2-甲巯基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-2-methylthiopyrimidine | 14001-67-3 | C5H5BrN2S |
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