嘧啶类化合物
嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物，与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键，表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水，碱性较弱，并且不易发生亲电取代反应；仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应，而不具备硝化或磺化的能力，但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中，如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内，有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基：尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶；其中，在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶，而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶，并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外，许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料，嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物，例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时，它们也是农药的重要组成部分，包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外，作为染料的原料，具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性，已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-(4-氟苯基)-6-异丙基-2-[(N-甲基-N-甲磺酰)氨基]嘧啶-5-羧酸甲酯 | methyl 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-isopropyl-2-(methanesulfonyl(methyl)amino)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 289042-11-1 | C17H20FN3O4S |
|
| 4-(4-嘧啶)苯甲酸 | 4-(pyrimidin-4-yl)benzoic acid | 249292-43-1 | C11H8N2O2 |
|
| 4-(4-吡啶)-2-二氨基嘧啶 | 2-amino-4-(4-pyridinyl)pyrimidine | 66521-70-8 | C9H8N4 |
|
| 4-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)苯胺 | 4-(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)aniline | 387350-86-9 | C12H13N3O2 |
|
| 4-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)苯甲酸 | 4-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)benzoic acid | 386715-40-8 | C13H12N2O4 |
|
| 4-(4,5-二苯基-1H-咪唑-2-基)苯甲酸 | 4-(4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzoic acid | 5496-35-5 | C22H16N2O2 |
|
| 4-(3-羟丙基氨基)-1,3-二甲基脲嘧啶 | 6-(3-hydroxypropyl)amino-1,3-dimethyluracil | 34654-80-3 | C9H15N3O3 |
|
| 4-(3-溴苯基)嘧啶-2-胺 | 4-(3-bromo-phenyl)-pyrimidin-2-ylamine | 392307-25-4 | C10H8BrN3 |
|
| 4-(3-溴苯基)-2-甲基嘧啶 | 4-(3-Bromophenyl)-2-methylpyrimidine | 844891-12-9 | C11H9BrN2 |
|
| 4-(3-溴苯基)-2-氯嘧啶 | 4-(3-bromophenyl)-2-chloropyrimidine | 499195-47-0 | C10H6BrClN2 |
|
| 4-(3-溴苯基)-2,6-二苯基嘧啶 | 4-(3-bromophenyl)-2,6-diphenylpyrimidine | 864377-28-6 | C22H15BrN2 |
|
| 4-(3-氯苯基)-2-氨基嘧啶 | 4-(3-Chlorophenyl)pyrimidin-2-amine | 913322-47-1 | C10H8ClN3 |
|
| 4-(3-氟苯基)-2-氨基嘧啶 | 4-(3-fluorophenyl)pyrimidin-2-amine | 85979-48-2 | C10H8FN3 |
|
| 4-(3-吡啶基)-2-氯嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidine | 483324-01-2 | C9H6ClN3 |
|
| 4-(3-吡啶基)-2-氨基嘧啶 | 4-pyridin-3-ylpyrimidin-2-ylamine | 66521-66-2 | C9H8N4 |
|
| 4-(3,5-二溴苯基)-2,6-二苯基嘧啶 | 4-(3,5-dibromo-phenyl)-2,6-diphenyl-pyrimidine | 607740-08-9 | C22H14Br2N2 |
|
| 4-(2-溴苯基)-2-氨基嘧啶 | 2-Amino-4-(2-brom-phenyl)-pyrimidin | 99073-95-7 | C10H8BrN3 |
|
| 4-(2-氯-5-氟-4-嘧啶基)吗啉 | 4-(2-chloro-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)morpholine | 31646-53-4 | C8H9ClFN3O |
|
| 4-(2-氨基嘧啶-5-基)苯甲酸 | 4-(2-aminopyrimidin-5-yl)benzoic acid | 222987-21-5 | C11H9N3O2 |
|
| 4-(2-氨基-4-嘧啶)苯甲酸 | 4-(2-amino-4-pyrimidyl)benzoic acid | 216959-98-7 | C11H9N3O2 |
|
| 4-(2-噻唑基)嘧啶2-醇 | 4-(Thiazol-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-ol | 1269293-34-6 | C7H5N3OS |
|
| 4-(2-噻吩基)嘧啶2-醇 | 4-thiophen-2-ylpyrimidin-2-ol | 1269294-26-9 | C8H6N2OS |
|
| 4-(2-噻吩基)-2-氨基嘧啶 | 4-thiophen-2-yl-pyrimidin-2-ylamine | 154321-60-5 | C8H7N3S |
|
| 4-(2-嘧啶胺)四氢吡啶羧酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl 4-(pyrimidin-2-ylamino)piperidine-1-carboxylate | 301225-40-1 | C14H22N4O2 |
|
| 4-(2-嘧啶氧基)苯胺 | 4-(pyrimidin-2-yloxy)aniline | 105130-26-5 | C10H9N3O |
|
| 4-(2-嘧啶基)丁醛 | 4-(2-pyrimidyl) butyraldehyde | 260441-10-9 | C8H10N2O |
|
| 4-(2-嘧啶)苯甲醛 | 4-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzaldehyde | 77232-38-3 | C11H8N2O |
|
| 4-(2-呋喃基)嘧啶-2-胺 | 4-(furan-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine | 206564-00-3 | C8H7N3O |
|
| 4-(2-呋喃)-2-嘧啶乙醇 | 4-(2-Furyl)-2-pyrimidinethiol | 190579-95-4 | C8H6N2OS |
|
| 4-(2-吡嗪)-2-氨基嘧啶 | 4-(pyrazinyl)pyrimidin-2-amine | 874792-15-1 | C8H7N5 |
|
| 4-(2,6-二氯-4-嘧啶)吗啉 | 4-(2,6-dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)morpholine | 52127-83-0 | C8H9Cl2N3O |
|
| 4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)嘧啶 | 4-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrimidine | 28648-87-5 | C7H6N4 |
|
| 4-(1-溴代乙基)-5-氟-6-氯嘧啶 | 4-(1-bromoethyl)-6-chloro-5-fluoropyrimidine | 188416-28-6 | C6H5BrClFN2 |
|
| 4-(1-溴乙基)-5-氟嘧啶 | 4-(1-bromoethyl)-5-fluoropyrimidine | 188416-47-9 | C6H6BrFN2 |
|
| 4-(1,3-噻唑)-2-氨基嘧啶 | 4-(1,3-Thiazol-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine | 874830-88-3 | C7H6N4S |
|
| 4,8-二氯吡啶并[3,4-D]嘧啶 | 4,8-dichloropyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidine | 1260663-37-3 | C7H3Cl2N3 |
|
| 4,6-嘧啶甲腈 | 4,6-pyrimidinedicarbonitrile | 50844-89-8 | C6H2N4 |
|
| 4,6-嘧啶二甲酸 | pyrimidine-4,6-dicarboxylic acid | 16490-02-1 | C6H4N2O4 |
|
| 4,6-双(苯甲酰氧基)-嘧啶 | 4,6-Dibenzyloxy-pyrimidin | 18337-66-1 | C18H16N2O2 |
|
| 4,6-双(甲基硫代)嘧啶 | 4,6-bis(methylthio)pyrimidine | 1450-90-4 | C6H8N2S2 |
|
| 4,6-双(二氟甲氧基)-2-(甲硫代)嘧啶 | 4,6-bis(difluoromethoxy)-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine | 100478-25-9 | C7H6F4N2O2S |
|
| 4,6-二酮-5-溴嘧啶 | 5-bromo-1<i>H</i>-pyrimidine-4,6-dione | 52176-13-3 | C4H3BrN2O2 |
|
| 4,6-二酮-2-甲硫基嘧啶 | 2,4-dihydroxy-2-methylmercaptopyrimidine (keto tautomer) | 29639-68-7 | C5H6N2O2S |
|
| 4,6-二苯基-2-氨基嘧啶 | 2-amino-4,6-diphenylpyrimidine | 40230-24-8 | C16H13N3 |
|
| 4,6-二苯基-1,2,3,4-四氰嘧啶-2-硫 | 4,6-diphenyl-3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2(1H)-thione | 6381-55-1 | C16H14N2S |
|
| 4,6-二羟基嘧啶-2-硫化钠 | Sodium 2-Thiobarbiturate | 31645-12-2 | C4H4N2NaO2S |
|
| 4,6-二羟基嘧啶 | 4,6-pyrimidinediol | 1193-24-4 | C4H4N2O2 |
|
| 4,6-二羟基-5-醛基嘧啶 | 4,6-dihydroxy-5-formylpyrimidine | 14256-99-6 | C5H4N2O3 |
|
| 4,6-二羟基-5-甲氧基嘧啶 | 4,6-Dihydroxy-5-methoxypyrimidine | 5193-84-0 | C5H6N2O3 |
|
| 4,6-二羟基-5-甲基嘧啶 | 4,6-Dihydroxy-5-methyl-pyrimidin | 18337-63-8 | C5H6N2O2 |
|
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