嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物,与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键,表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水,碱性较弱,并且不易发生亲电取代反应;仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应,而不具备硝化或磺化的能力,但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中,如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内,有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基:尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶;其中,在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶,而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶,并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外,许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料,嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物,例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时,它们也是农药的重要组成部分,包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外,作为染料的原料,具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性,已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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6-氯-2-甲基-4-嘧啶羧醛 | 6-Chloro-2-methylpyrimidine-4-carbaldehyde | 933702-42-2 | C6H5ClN2O |
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6-氯-2-乙氧基嘧啶-4-胺 | 6-chloro-2-ethoxypyrimidin-4-amine | 3286-56-4 | C6H8ClN3O |
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6-氯-2,4-甲氧基嘧啶 | 6-chloro-2,4-dimethoxypyrimidine | 6320-15-6 | C6H7ClN2O2 |
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6-氯-1H-吡唑并[3,4-D]嘧啶 | 6-chloro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine | 23002-51-9 | C5H3ClN4 |
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6-氮杂脲嘧啶 | 6-azauracil | 461-89-2 | C3H3N3O2 |
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6-氨基吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶 | 6-amino pyrazolopyrimidine | 1018125-39-7 | C6H6N4 |
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6-氨基-5-羟基-1H-嘧啶-2,4-二酮 | 5, 6-dihydroxy cytosine | 3914-34-9 | C4H5N3O3 |
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6-氨基-5-硝基-2(1h)-嘧啶 | 5-nitrocytosine | 69099-99-6 | C4H4N4O3 |
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6-氨基-5-溴-2-(乙基硫代)嘧啶-4-醇 | 4-amino-5-bromo-2-ethylthio-6-hydroxypyrimidine | 77708-90-8 | C6H8BrN3OS |
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6-氨基-5-溴-1-甲基尿嘧啶 | 6-amino-5-bromo-1-methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione | 14094-37-2 | C5H6BrN3O2 |
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6-氨基-5-氯嘧啶-4-羧酸 | 6-amino-5-chloropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid | 914916-98-6 | C5H4ClN3O2 |
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6-氨基-5-亚硝基-3-甲基尿嘧啶 | 6-amino-3-methyl-5-nitrosopyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione | 61033-04-3 | C5H6N4O3 |
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6-氨基-5-亚硝基-2-硫脲嘧啶 | 4-Amino-5-nitroso-6-oxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-2-thiopyrimidine | 1672-48-6 | C4H4N4O2S |
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6-氨基-4-甲氧基-2-甲基硫脲嘧啶 | 6-methoxy-2-methylsulfanyl-pyrimidin-4-ylamine | 3289-53-0 | C6H9N3OS |
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6-氨基-3-甲基尿嘧啶 | 3-methyl-6-aminouracil | 21236-97-5 | C5H7N3O2 |
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6-氨基-2-硫脲嘧啶 | 6-Amino-2-thiouracil | 1004-40-6 | C4H5N3OS |
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6-氨基-2-甲氧基-4-嘧啶酮 | 6-amino-2-methoxy-3H-4-pyrimidone | 52386-29-5 | C5H7N3O2 |
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6-氨基-2-甲基硫代-3-甲基尿嘧啶 | 6-amino-3-methyl-2-(methylthio)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one | 54030-56-7 | C6H9N3OS |
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6-氨基-1-苄基尿嘧啶 | 1-benzyl-6-aminouracil | 41862-11-7 | C11H11N3O2 |
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6-氨基-1-苄基-5-甲基氨基尿嘧啶 | 6-amino-1-benzyl-5-(methylamino)uracil | 72816-88-7 | C12H14N4O2 |
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6-氨基-1-苄基-5-溴尿嘧啶 | 6-amino-1-benzyl-5-bromo-2,4(1H)-pyrimidinedione | 72816-87-6 | C11H10BrN3O2 |
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6-氨基-1-甲基尿嘧啶 | 6-amino-1-methyluracil | 2434-53-9 | C5H7N3O2 |
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6-氨基-1-丙基尿嘧啶 | 6-amino-1-propyl-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione | 53681-47-3 | C7H11N3O2 |
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6-氨基-1,3-二丙基-5-亚硝基脲嘧啶 | 6-amino-1, 3-dipropyl-5-nitrosouracil | 81250-33-1 | C10H16N4O3 |
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6-氨基-1,3-二-2-丙烯-1-基-2,4(1H,3H)-嘧啶二酮 | 1,3-diallyl-6-aminouracil | 4852-19-1 | C10H13N3O2 |
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6-氟代胸腺嘧啶 | 6-fluorothymine | 31458-36-3 | C5H5FN2O2 |
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6-杂氮-2-硫脲嘧啶 | 6-aza-2-thiouracil | 626-08-4 | C3H3N3OS |
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6-巯基-4(1H)-嘧啶酮 | 4-sulfanyl-1H-pyrimidin-6-one | 6311-83-7 | C4H4N2OS |
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6-巯基-2,4-二氨基嘧啶 | 2,4-diamino-6-sulfanylpyrimidine hemisulfate | 81012-96-6 | C4H6N4S*0H2O4S |
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6-叔丁基嘧啶-4-胺 | 6-tert-butylpyrimidin-4-ylamine | 3435-27-6 | C8H13N3 |
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6-叔丁基-4-氯噻酚[3,2-D]嘧啶 | 6-tert-Butyl-4-chlorothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine | 439693-52-4 | C10H11ClN2S |
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6-叔丁基-3H-噻吩[2,3-D]嘧啶-4-酮 | 6-tert-butyl-4-oxothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 439692-54-3 | C10H12N2OS |
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6-乙氧基-1,3-二甲基-嘧啶-2,4-二酮 | 1,3-dimethyl-6-ethoxyuracil | 93787-99-6 | C8H12N2O3 |
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6-乙基水杨酸甲酯 | ethyl 2-(9H-adenin-9-yl)acetate | 25477-96-7 | C9H11N5O2 |
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6-乙基噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-胺 | 6-ethylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine | 879873-49-1 | C8H9N3S |
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6-乙基噻吩[2,3-d]嘧啶-4(3H)-酮 | 4-oxo-(3H)-6-ethylthieno<2,3-d>pyrimidine | 18593-51-6 | C8H8N2OS |
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6-乙基嘧啶-4-醇 | 6-ethyl-3H-pyrimidin-4-one | 124703-78-2 | C6H8N2O |
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6-乙基嘧啶-4-胺 | 6-ethylpyrimidin-4-amine | 856160-67-3 | C6H9N3 |
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6-乙基-5-氟嘧啶-4(3H)-酮 | 6-ethyl-5-fluoro-4-hydroxypyrimidine | 137234-87-8 | C6H7FN2O |
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6-三氟甲基-4-羟基-2-甲硫基嘧啶 | 2-(methylthio)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-ol | 16097-62-4 | C6H5F3N2OS |
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6-三氟甲基-4-溴嘧啶 | 4-bromo-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine | 785777-89-1 | C5H2BrF3N2 |
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6-丁基氨基-4-氯嘧啶 | butyl-(6-chloro-pyrimidin-4-yl)-amine | 26423-00-7 | C8H12ClN3 |
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6-[环己基(甲基)氨基]吡啶-3-硼酸频哪醇酯 | N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2-amine | 1073354-73-0 | C18H29BN2O2 |
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6-Boc-2-氨基-7,8-二氢-5H-吡啶并[4,3-d]嘧啶 | 6-t-butoxycarbonyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidin-2-ylamine | 869198-95-8 | C12H18N4O2 |
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6-(羟基甲基)尿嘧啶 | 6-(hydroxymethyl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione | 22126-44-9 | C5H6N2O3 |
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6-(甲基氨基)嘧啶-4-醇 | 4-methylamino-6-oxopyrimidine | 1122-67-4 | C5H7N3O |
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6-(氯甲基)脲嘧啶 | 6-chloromethyluracil | 18592-13-7 | C5H5ClN2O2 |
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6-(氯甲基)-2-苯基嘧啶-4-醇 | 6-(Chloromethyl)-2-phenylpyrimidin-4-ol | 35252-98-3 | C11H9ClN2O |
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6-(氯甲基)-2-甲基嘧啶-4-醇 | 6-(chloromethyl)-2-methylpyrimidin-4-ol | 35252-96-1 | C6H7ClN2O |
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6-(叔丁基)-4-氯噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶 | 6-tert-butyl-4-chlorothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 439692-55-4 | C10H11ClN2S |
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