嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物,与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键,表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水,碱性较弱,并且不易发生亲电取代反应;仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应,而不具备硝化或磺化的能力,但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中,如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内,有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基:尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶;其中,在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶,而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶,并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外,许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料,嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物,例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时,它们也是农药的重要组成部分,包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外,作为染料的原料,具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性,已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
---|---|---|---|---|
2-氯-4-三氟甲基嘧啶-5-羧酸-4-氯苄酯 | 2-chloro-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid p-chlorobenzyl ester | 175137-30-1 | C13H7Cl2F3N2O2 |
|
2-氯-4-三氟甲基嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4-trifluoromethylpyrimidine | 33034-67-2 | C5H2ClF3N2 |
|
2-氯-4-三氟甲基-嘧啶-甲酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 187035-79-6 | C8H6ClF3N2O2 |
|
2-氯-4-(苯基硫代)嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4-(phenylthio)pyrimidine | 191729-21-2 | C10H7ClN2S |
|
2-氯-4-(甲氧基甲基)嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4-(methoxymethyl)pyrimidine | 1289387-30-9 | C6H7ClN2O |
|
2-氯-4-(甲基磺酰基)嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4-(methylsulfonyl)pyrimidine | 1233026-31-7 | C5H5ClN2O2S |
|
2-氯-4-(氯甲基)嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4-(chloromethyl)pyrimidine | 944902-31-2 | C5H4Cl2N2 |
|
2-氯-4-(吡咯啉-1-基)嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pyrimidine | 35691-20-4 | C8H10ClN3 |
|
2-氯-4-(叔丁氧基)嘧啶 | 4-(tert-butoxy)-2-chloropyrimidine | 614729-28-1 | C8H11ClN2O |
|
2-氯-4-(乙氧基甲基)嘧啶 | 2-Chloro-4-(ethoxymethyl)pyrimidine | 1289385-59-6 | C7H9ClN2O |
|
2-氯-4-(三氟甲基)嘧啶-5-羧酸苄酯 | benzyl 2-chloro-4-trifluoromethylpyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 175137-29-8 | C13H8ClF3N2O2 |
|
2-氯-4-(4-甲氧基苯基)嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrimidine | 75634-04-7 | C11H9ClN2O |
|
2-氯-4-(4-吗啉)-噻吩并[3,2-d]嘧啶-6-羧醛 | 2-chloro-4-morpholinothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carbaldehyde | 885618-31-5 | C11H10ClN3O2S |
|
2-氯-4-(4-BOC-1-哌嗪基)嘧啶 | tert-butyl 4-(2-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate | 221050-88-0 | C13H19ClN4O2 |
|
2-氯-4-(3-硝基苯氧基)噻吩并[3,2-d]嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4-(3-nitrophenoxy)thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine | 1353553-07-7 | C12H6ClN3O3S |
|
2-氯-4-(3-甲氧基苯基)嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4-(3-methoxyphenyl)pyrimidine | 499195-50-5 | C11H9ClN2O |
|
2-氯-4-(2-呋喃基)嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4-(2'-furanyl)pyrimidine | 124959-28-0 | C8H5ClN2O |
|
2-氯-4,6-二苯基嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4,6-diphenylpyrimidine | 2915-16-4 | C16H11ClN2 |
|
2-氯-4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine | 13223-25-1 | C6H7ClN2O2 |
|
2-氯-4,6-二甲基嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine | 4472-44-0 | C6H7ClN2 |
|
2-氯-4,5-嘧啶二甲酸二乙酯 | 2-Chlor-4,5-diethoxycarbonyl-pyrimidin | 90794-84-6 | C10H11ClN2O4 |
|
2-氯-4,5-二氨基嘧啶 | 2-chloropyrimidine-4,5-diamine | 14631-08-4 | C4H5ClN4 |
|
2-氯-1-(4-碘苯基)乙酮 | 2-chloro-1-(4-iodophenyl)ethan-1-one | 4209-04-5 | C8H6ClIO |
|
2-氨甲基嘧啶醋酸盐 | 2-aminomethylpyrimidine acetate | 1246834-64-9 | C2H4O2*C5H7N3 |
|
2-氨基甲基嘧啶盐酸盐 | 2-aminomethylpyrimidine hydrochloride | 372118-67-7 | C5H7N3*ClH |
|
2-氨基嘧啶-5-腈 | 2-aminopyrimidine-5-carbonitrile | 1753-48-6 | C5H4N4 |
|
2-氨基嘧啶-5-硼酸频哪酯 | 5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl[1,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamine | 402960-38-7 | C10H16BN3O2 |
|
2-氨基嘧啶-5-硼酸 | (2-aminopyrimidin-5-yl)boronic acid | 936250-22-5 | C4H6BN3O2 |
|
2-氨基嘧啶-5-甲酸乙脂 | ethyl 2-aminopyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 57401-76-0 | C7H9N3O2 |
|
2-氨基嘧啶-4-硫醇 | 2-Amino-4-mercapto-pyrimidin | 1193-27-7 | C4H5N3S |
|
2-氨基嘧啶-4-甲醛 | 2-Aminopyrimidine-4-carboxaldehyde | 165807-06-7 | C5H5N3O |
|
2-氨基嘧啶-4,5-二醇 | 2-amino-5-hydroxy-3<i>H</i>-pyrimidin-4-one | 40769-68-4 | C4H5N3O2 |
|
2-氨基-6-羟基嘧啶-4-羧酸 | 2-Amino-6-hydroxy-pyrimidin-carbonsaeure-(4) | 6973-52-0 | C5H5N3O3 |
|
2-氨基-6-甲基-5-硝基-3H-嘧啶-4-酮 | 2-amino-6-methyl-5-nitropyrimidin-4-one | 4214-85-1 | C5H6N4O3 |
|
2-氨基-6-氯-嘧啶-4-2-硫代丙酸甲酯 | 2-[(2-Amino-6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)sulfanyl]-2-methylpropanoate | 339016-01-2 | C8H9ClN3O2S- |
|
2-氨基-6-氯-吡啶并[3,2-d]嘧啶-4(1h)-酮 | 2-amino-6-chloropyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one | 897359-74-9 | C7H5ClN4O |
|
2-氨基-6-氯-4-羟基嘧啶 | 6-chloroisocytosine | 1194-21-4 | C4H4ClN3O |
|
2-氨基-6-氯-4-二乙基胺嘧啶 | 6-chloro-N<sup>4</sup>,N<sup>4</sup>-diethylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine | 116895-09-1 | C8H13ClN4 |
|
2-氨基-6-氟-4-肼基嘧啶 | 2-amino-4-hydrazino-6-fluoropyrimidine | 188987-85-1 | C4H6FN5 |
|
2-氨基-6-异丙基嘧啶-4-羧酸 | 2-Amino-6-isopropylpyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid | 938458-89-0 | C8H11N3O2 |
|
2-氨基-6-巯基- 4(1H)-嘧啶酮 | 2-amino-6-mercaptopyrimidin-4(3H)-one | 6973-81-5 | C4H5N3OS |
|
2-氨基-6-(溴甲基)嘧啶-4-醇 | 2-Amino-6-(bromomethyl)pyrimidin-4-ol | 1269294-24-7 | C5H6BrN3O |
|
2-氨基-6,7-二氢噻唑并[5,4-c]吡啶-5(4H)-甲酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl 2-amino-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate | 365996-05-0 | C11H17N3O2S |
|
2-氨基-5-羟基嘧啶 | 2-aminopyrimidin-5-ol | 143489-45-6 | C4H5N3O |
|
2-氨基-5-碘嘧啶-4(1H)-酮 | 2-amino-5-iodo-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidine | 3993-79-1 | C4H4IN3O |
|
2-氨基-5-碘嘧啶, | 2-amino-5-iodopyrimidine | 1445-39-2 | C4H4IN3 |
|
2-氨基-5-碘-6-苯基-4(1H)-嘧啶酮 | 2-amino-5-iodo-6-phenylpyrimidin-4(3H)-one | 72943-43-2 | C10H8IN3O |
|
2-氨基-5-碘-4-甲氧基嘧啶 | 2-amino-5-iodo-4-methoxypyrimidine | 89322-66-7 | C5H6IN3O |
|
2-氨基-5-硝基嘧啶 | 5-nitropyrimidin-2-amine | 3073-77-6 | C4H4N4O2 |
|
2-氨基-5-甲醇嘧啶 | (2-aminopyrimidin-5-yl)methanol | 120747-85-5 | C5H7N3O |
|