嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物,与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键,表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水,碱性较弱,并且不易发生亲电取代反应;仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应,而不具备硝化或磺化的能力,但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中,如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内,有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基:尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶;其中,在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶,而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶,并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外,许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料,嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物,例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时,它们也是农药的重要组成部分,包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外,作为染料的原料,具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性,已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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2,5-二甲氧基嘧啶 | 2,5-Dimethoxy-pyrimidin | 16290-94-1 | C6H8N2O2 |
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2,5-二甲氧基-4-胺基嘧啶 | 4-amino-2,5-dimethoxypyrimidine | 6960-17-4 | C6H9N3O2 |
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2,5-二甲氧基-4-羟基嘧啶 | 2,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxypyrimidine | 370103-23-4 | C6H8N2O3 |
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2,5-二甲基嘧啶 | 2,5-dimethylpyrimidine | 22868-76-4 | C6H8N2 |
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2,5-二溴嘧啶 | 2,5-dibromopyrimidine | 32779-37-6 | C4H2Br2N2 |
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2,5-二溴-4-甲基嘧啶 | 2,5-dibromo-4-methyl-pyrimidine | 171408-73-4 | C5H4Br2N2 |
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2,5-二氯嘧啶 | 2,5-dichloropyrimidine | 22536-67-0 | C4H2Cl2N2 |
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2,5-二氯-4-甲基嘧啶 | 2,5-dichloro-4-methylpyrimidine | 1192064-63-3 | C5H4Cl2N2 |
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2,5-二氯-4-氨基嘧啶 | 2,5-dichloropyrimidin-4-amine | 89180-51-8 | C4H3Cl2N3 |
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2,5-二氯-4-乙氧基嘧啶 | 2,5-dichloro-4-ethoxypyrimidine | 1351762-11-2 | C6H6Cl2N2O |
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2,5-二氨基嘧啶 | pyrimidine-2,5-diamine | 22715-27-1 | C4H6N4 |
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2,5-二氨基-4,6-二羟基嘧啶盐酸盐 | 2,5-Diamino-4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine hydrochloride | 56830-58-1 | C4H6N4O2*ClH |
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2,5-二氨基-4,6-二羟基嘧啶 | 2,5-diamino-4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine | 40769-69-5 | C4H6N4O2 |
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2,5-二氨基-4,6-二氯嘧啶 | 2,5-diamino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine | 55583-59-0 | C4H4Cl2N4 |
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2,5,6-三甲基-4-羟基嘧啶 | 2,5,6-trimethylpyrimidin-4-ol | 89943-15-7 | C7H10N2O |
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2,5,6-三氯-4-嘧啶羧酸甲酯 | 2,5,6-trichloro-pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester | 89284-85-5 | C6H3Cl3N2O2 |
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2,4-联苄氧基嘧啶-5-硼酸新戊二醇酯 | 2,4-Bis(benzyloxy)-5-(5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinan-2-yl)pyrimidine | 1072944-91-2 | C23H25BN2O4 |
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2,4-联苄氧基嘧啶 | 2,4-bis(benzyloxy)pyrimidine | 7306-79-8 | C18H16N2O2 |
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2,4-氨基嘧啶-5-羧酸 | 2,4-Diamino-5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid | 18588-61-9 | C5H6N4O2 |
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2,4-嘧啶二羧酸 | Pyrimidin-2,4-dicarbonsaeure | 37645-41-3 | C6H4N2O4 |
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2,4-嘧啶二甲腈 | 2,4-Dicyanopyrimidine | 75928-84-6 | C6H2N4 |
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2,4-双(二甲氨基)嘧啶-6-羧酸 | 2,4-bis(dimethylamino)pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid | 386715-39-5 | C9H14N4O2 |
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2,4-双(二乙氨基)-6-氟嘧啶 | 2,4-Bis(diethylamino)-6-fluoro-pyrimidine | 1648-44-8 | C12H21FN4 |
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2,4-双(4-吗啉基)-6-氯嘧啶 | 2,4-[bis(morpholino)]-6-chloropyrimidine | 10244-24-3 | C12H17ClN4O2 |
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2,4-二羟基噻吩[2,3-D]嘧啶 | 1H-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4-dione | 18740-38-0 | C6H4N2O2S |
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2,4-二羟基呋喃并[3,2-D]嘧啶 | furo[3,2-d]pyrimidine-2,4-diol | 956034-06-3 | C6H4N2O3 |
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2,4-二羟基吡咯[2,3-d]嘧啶 | 7-deazaxanthine | 39929-79-8 | C6H5N3O2 |
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2,4-二羟基-5-嘧啶硼酸 | uracil-5-boronic acid | 70523-22-7 | C4H5BN2O4 |
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2,4-二碘嘧啶 | 2,4-diiodopyrimidine | 262353-34-4 | C4H2I2N2 |
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2,4-二甲氧基嘧啶-6-甲酸 | 2,6-dimethoxypyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid | 59864-30-1 | C7H8N2O4 |
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2,4-二甲氧基嘧啶-5-胺 | 2,4-dimethoxypyrimidin-5-amine | 14048-15-8 | C6H9N3O2 |
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2,4-二甲氧基嘧啶-5-硼酸频哪醇酯 | 2,4-dimethoxy-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyrimidine | 936250-17-8 | C12H19BN2O4 |
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2,4-二甲氧基嘧啶-5-硼酸 | 2,4-dimethoxypyrimidin-5-ylboronic acid | 89641-18-9 | C6H9BN2O4 |
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2,4-二甲氧基嘧啶-5-甲酸甲酯 | methyl 2,4-dimethoxypyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 15400-58-5 | C8H10N2O4 |
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2,4-二甲氧基嘧啶 | 2,4-dimethoxypyrimidine | 3551-55-1 | C6H8N2O2 |
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2,4-二甲氧基5-嘧啶-甲醛 | 2,4-dimethoxy-5-pyrimidine carboxaldehyde | 52606-02-7 | C7H8N2O3 |
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2,4-二甲氧基-6-甲基嘧啶 | 2,4-dimethoxy-6-methylpyrimidine | 7781-23-9 | C7H10N2O2 |
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2,4-二甲氧基-5H-吡咯并[3,2-d]嘧啶 | 2,4-dimethoxy-5H-pyrrolo<3,2-d>pyrimidine | 84538-40-9 | C8H9N3O2 |
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2,4-二甲氧基-5-甲基嘧啶 | 2,4-Dimethoxy-5-methyl-pyrimidin | 5151-34-8 | C7H10N2O2 |
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2,4-二甲氧基-5-嘧啶羧酸 | 2,4-dimethoxypyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid | 110821-07-3 | C7H8N2O4 |
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2,4-二甲基嘧啶-5-甲酸乙酯 | ethyl 2,4-dimethylpyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 2226-86-0 | C9H12N2O2 |
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2,4-二甲基嘧啶-5-甲酸 | 2,4-dimethylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid | 74356-36-8 | C7H8N2O2 |
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2,4-二甲基-6-羟基嘧啶 | 4-hydroxy 2,6-dimethylpyrimidine | 6622-92-0 | C6H8N2O |
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2,4-二甲基-5-羟基嘧啶 | 2,4-dimethylpyrimidin-5-ol | 412003-95-3 | C6H8N2O |
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2,4-二甲基-5-氨基嘧啶 | 2,4-dimethyl-5-pyrimidinamine | 35733-53-0 | C6H9N3 |
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2,4-二甲基-5-嘧啶甲醇 | (2,4-dimethyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)methanol | 698-28-2 | C7H10N2O |
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2,4-二溴嘧啶 | 2,4-dibromopyrimidine | 3921-01-5 | C4H2Br2N2 |
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2,4-二溴-6-三氟甲基嘧啶 | 2,4-dibromo-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine | 785778-00-9 | C5HBr2F3N2 |
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2,4-二溴-5-甲基嘧啶 | 2,4-dibromo-5-methyl-pyrimidine | 494194-61-5 | C5H4Br2N2 |
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2,4-二氯噻吩并[3,2-D]嘧啶 | 2,4-dichlorothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine | 16234-14-3 | C6H2Cl2N2S |
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