嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物,与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键,表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水,碱性较弱,并且不易发生亲电取代反应;仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应,而不具备硝化或磺化的能力,但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中,如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内,有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基:尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶;其中,在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶,而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶,并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外,许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料,嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物,例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时,它们也是农药的重要组成部分,包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外,作为染料的原料,具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性,已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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2-氯-4-(4-BOC-1-哌嗪基)嘧啶 | tert-butyl 4-(2-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate | 221050-88-0 | C13H19ClN4O2 |
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2-氯-4-(3-硝基苯氧基)噻吩并[3,2-d]嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4-(3-nitrophenoxy)thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine | 1353553-07-7 | C12H6ClN3O3S |
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2-氯-4-(3-甲氧基苯基)嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4-(3-methoxyphenyl)pyrimidine | 499195-50-5 | C11H9ClN2O |
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2-氯-4-(2-呋喃基)嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4-(2'-furanyl)pyrimidine | 124959-28-0 | C8H5ClN2O |
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2-氯-4,6-二苯基嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4,6-diphenylpyrimidine | 2915-16-4 | C16H11ClN2 |
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2-氯-4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine | 13223-25-1 | C6H7ClN2O2 |
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2-氯-4,6-二甲基嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine | 4472-44-0 | C6H7ClN2 |
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2-氯-4,5-嘧啶二甲酸二乙酯 | 2-Chlor-4,5-diethoxycarbonyl-pyrimidin | 90794-84-6 | C10H11ClN2O4 |
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2-氯-4,5-二氨基嘧啶 | 2-chloropyrimidine-4,5-diamine | 14631-08-4 | C4H5ClN4 |
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2-氯-1-(4-碘苯基)乙酮 | 2-chloro-1-(4-iodophenyl)ethan-1-one | 4209-04-5 | C8H6ClIO |
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2-氨甲基嘧啶醋酸盐 | 2-aminomethylpyrimidine acetate | 1246834-64-9 | C2H4O2*C5H7N3 |
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2-氨基甲基嘧啶盐酸盐 | 2-aminomethylpyrimidine hydrochloride | 372118-67-7 | C5H7N3*ClH |
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2-氨基嘧啶-5-腈 | 2-aminopyrimidine-5-carbonitrile | 1753-48-6 | C5H4N4 |
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2-氨基嘧啶-5-硼酸频哪酯 | 5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl[1,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamine | 402960-38-7 | C10H16BN3O2 |
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2-氨基嘧啶-5-硼酸 | (2-aminopyrimidin-5-yl)boronic acid | 936250-22-5 | C4H6BN3O2 |
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2-氨基嘧啶-5-甲酸乙脂 | ethyl 2-aminopyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 57401-76-0 | C7H9N3O2 |
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2-氨基嘧啶-4-甲醛 | 2-Aminopyrimidine-4-carboxaldehyde | 165807-06-7 | C5H5N3O |
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2-氨基嘧啶-4,5-二醇 | 2-amino-5-hydroxy-3<i>H</i>-pyrimidin-4-one | 40769-68-4 | C4H5N3O2 |
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2-氨基-6-羟基嘧啶-4-羧酸 | 2-Amino-6-hydroxy-pyrimidin-carbonsaeure-(4) | 6973-52-0 | C5H5N3O3 |
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2-氨基-6-甲基-5-硝基-3H-嘧啶-4-酮 | 2-amino-6-methyl-5-nitropyrimidin-4-one | 4214-85-1 | C5H6N4O3 |
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2-氨基-6-氯-嘧啶-4-2-硫代丙酸甲酯 | 2-[(2-Amino-6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)sulfanyl]-2-methylpropanoate | 339016-01-2 | C8H9ClN3O2S- |
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2-氨基-6-氯-吡啶并[3,2-d]嘧啶-4(1h)-酮 | 2-amino-6-chloropyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one | 897359-74-9 | C7H5ClN4O |
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2-氨基-6-氯-4-羟基嘧啶 | 6-chloroisocytosine | 1194-21-4 | C4H4ClN3O |
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2-氨基-6-氯-4-二乙基胺嘧啶 | 6-chloro-N<sup>4</sup>,N<sup>4</sup>-diethylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine | 116895-09-1 | C8H13ClN4 |
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2-氨基-6-氟-4-肼基嘧啶 | 2-amino-4-hydrazino-6-fluoropyrimidine | 188987-85-1 | C4H6FN5 |
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2-氨基-6-异丙基嘧啶-4-羧酸 | 2-Amino-6-isopropylpyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid | 938458-89-0 | C8H11N3O2 |
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2-氨基-6-巯基- 4(1H)-嘧啶酮 | 2-amino-6-mercaptopyrimidin-4(3H)-one | 6973-81-5 | C4H5N3OS |
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2-氨基-6,7-二氢噻唑并[5,4-c]吡啶-5(4H)-甲酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl 2-amino-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5(4H)-carboxylate | 365996-05-0 | C11H17N3O2S |
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2-氨基-5-羟基嘧啶 | 2-aminopyrimidin-5-ol | 143489-45-6 | C4H5N3O |
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2-氨基-5-碘嘧啶-4(1H)-酮 | 2-amino-5-iodo-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidine | 3993-79-1 | C4H4IN3O |
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2-氨基-5-碘嘧啶, | 2-amino-5-iodopyrimidine | 1445-39-2 | C4H4IN3 |
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2-氨基-5-碘-6-苯基-4(1H)-嘧啶酮 | 2-amino-5-iodo-6-phenylpyrimidin-4(3H)-one | 72943-43-2 | C10H8IN3O |
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2-氨基-5-碘-4-甲氧基嘧啶 | 2-amino-5-iodo-4-methoxypyrimidine | 89322-66-7 | C5H6IN3O |
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2-氨基-5-硝基嘧啶 | 5-nitropyrimidin-2-amine | 3073-77-6 | C4H4N4O2 |
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2-氨基-5-甲醇嘧啶 | (2-aminopyrimidin-5-yl)methanol | 120747-85-5 | C5H7N3O |
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2-氨基-5-甲氧基嘧啶 | 5-methoxypyrimidin-2-amine | 13418-77-4 | C5H7N3O |
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2-氨基-5-甲基嘧啶 | 5-methylpyrimidin-2-amine | 50840-23-8 | C5H7N3 |
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2-氨基-5-甲基-4-嘧啶醇 | 5-methylisocytosine | 15981-91-6 | C5H7N3O |
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2-氨基-5-溴嘧啶-4-羧酸甲酯 | Methyl 2-amino-5-bromopyrimidine-4-carboxylate | 1034737-23-9 | C6H6BrN3O2 |
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2-氨基-5-溴嘧啶-4-羧酸 | 2-Amino-5-bromopyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid | 914208-48-3 | C5H4BrN3O2 |
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2-氨基-5-溴嘧啶 | 5-bromo-2-aminopyrimidine | 7752-82-1 | C4H4BrN3 |
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2-氨基-5-溴-6-甲基吡嗪 | 5-bromo-6-methylpyrazin-2-amine | 74290-69-0 | C5H6BrN3 |
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2-氨基-5-溴-4-苯基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4-phenylpyrimidin-2-amine | 85658-55-5 | C10H8BrN3 |
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2-氨基-5-溴-4-羟基嘧啶氢溴酸盐 | 2-Amino-5-bromopyrimidin-4-ol hydrobromide | 1215597-17-3 | C4H5Br2N3O |
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2-氨基-5-溴-4-羟基嘧啶 | 2-amino-5-bromo-3<i>H</i>-pyrimidin-4-one | 61937-71-1 | C4H4BrN3O |
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2-氨基-5-溴-4-羟基-6-甲基嘧啶 | 2-amino-5-bromo-4-hydroxy-6-methylpyrimidine | 6307-35-3 | C5H6BrN3O |
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2-氨基-5-溴-4-甲氧基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4-methoxypyrimidin-2-amine | 36082-45-8 | C5H6BrN3O |
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2-氨基-5-溴-4-三氟甲基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-amine | 935534-47-7 | C5H3BrF3N3 |
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2-氨基-5-溴-4,6-二甲基嘧啶 | 2-amino-5-bromo-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine | 4214-57-7 | C6H8BrN3 |
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2-氨基-5-氯甲基嘧啶 | 5-(Chloromethyl)pyrimidin-2-amine hydrochloride salt | 120747-86-6 | C5H6ClN3*ClH |
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