嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物,与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键,表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水,碱性较弱,并且不易发生亲电取代反应;仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应,而不具备硝化或磺化的能力,但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中,如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内,有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基:尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶;其中,在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶,而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶,并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外,许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料,嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物,例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时,它们也是农药的重要组成部分,包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外,作为染料的原料,具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性,已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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2-氨基-5-甲氧基嘧啶 | 5-methoxypyrimidin-2-amine | 13418-77-4 | C5H7N3O |
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2-氨基-5-甲基嘧啶 | 5-methylpyrimidin-2-amine | 50840-23-8 | C5H7N3 |
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2-氨基-5-甲基-4-嘧啶醇 | 5-methylisocytosine | 15981-91-6 | C5H7N3O |
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2-氨基-5-溴嘧啶-4-羧酸甲酯 | Methyl 2-amino-5-bromopyrimidine-4-carboxylate | 1034737-23-9 | C6H6BrN3O2 |
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2-氨基-5-溴嘧啶-4-羧酸 | 2-Amino-5-bromopyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid | 914208-48-3 | C5H4BrN3O2 |
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2-氨基-5-溴嘧啶 | 5-bromo-2-aminopyrimidine | 7752-82-1 | C4H4BrN3 |
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2-氨基-5-溴-6-甲基吡嗪 | 5-bromo-6-methylpyrazin-2-amine | 74290-69-0 | C5H6BrN3 |
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2-氨基-5-溴-4-苯基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4-phenylpyrimidin-2-amine | 85658-55-5 | C10H8BrN3 |
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2-氨基-5-溴-4-羟基嘧啶氢溴酸盐 | 2-Amino-5-bromopyrimidin-4-ol hydrobromide | 1215597-17-3 | C4H5Br2N3O |
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2-氨基-5-溴-4-羟基嘧啶 | 2-amino-5-bromo-3<i>H</i>-pyrimidin-4-one | 61937-71-1 | C4H4BrN3O |
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2-氨基-5-溴-4-羟基-6-甲基嘧啶 | 2-amino-5-bromo-4-hydroxy-6-methylpyrimidine | 6307-35-3 | C5H6BrN3O |
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2-氨基-5-溴-4-甲氧基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4-methoxypyrimidin-2-amine | 36082-45-8 | C5H6BrN3O |
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2-氨基-5-溴-4-三氟甲基嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-amine | 935534-47-7 | C5H3BrF3N3 |
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2-氨基-5-溴-4,6-二甲基嘧啶 | 2-amino-5-bromo-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine | 4214-57-7 | C6H8BrN3 |
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2-氨基-5-氯甲基嘧啶 | 5-(Chloromethyl)pyrimidin-2-amine hydrochloride salt | 120747-86-6 | C5H6ClN3*ClH |
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2-氨基-5-氯嘧啶-4-羧基酸 | 2-amino-5-chloropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid | 45867-11-6 | C5H4ClN3O2 |
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2-氨基-5-氯嘧啶 | 5-chloropyrimidin-2-amine | 5428-89-7 | C4H4ClN3 |
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2-氨基-5-氟嘧啶 | 5-fluoropyrimidin-2-amine | 1683-85-8 | C4H4FN3 |
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2-氨基-5-嘧啶磺酰胺 | 2-Amino-pyrimidin-sulfonsaeure-(5)-amid | 99171-23-0 | C4H6N4O2S |
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2-氨基-5-嘧啶甲醛 | 2-aminopyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde | 120747-84-4 | C5H5N3O |
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2-氨基-5-乙氧羰基-4-羟基嘧啶 | ethyl 2-amino-4-hydroxypyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 15400-53-0 | C7H9N3O3 |
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2-氨基-5-(2-羟基乙基)-6-甲基-4(3H)-嘧啶酮 | 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methyl-2-aminouracil | 6940-45-0 | C7H11N3O2 |
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2-氨基-5,7-二甲氧基-1,2,4-三嗪并[1,5-a]嘧啶 | 5,7-dimethoxy-[1,2,4]-triazolo-[1,5-a]-pyrimidin-2-amine | 13223-43-3 | C7H9N5O2 |
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2-氨基-5,6-二甲基-4-羟基嘧啶 | 2‐amino‐5,6‐dimethyl‐4‐hydroxypyrimidine | 3977-23-9 | C6H9N3O |
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2-氨基-4-苯氧基-6-甲基嘧啶 | 4-methyl-6-phenoxypyrimidin-2-amine | 22370-25-8 | C11H11N3O |
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2-氨基-4-苯基-6-三氟甲基嘧啶 | 2-amino-4-phenyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine | 26974-09-4 | C11H8F3N3 |
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2-氨基-4-肼基-6-甲基嘧啶 | 2-amino-4-hydrazino-6-methylpyrimidine | 28840-64-4 | C5H9N5 |
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2-氨基-4-羟基-6-苯氧基嘧啶 | 2-Amino-4-hydroxy-6-phenoxypyrimidine | 313961-69-2 | C10H9N3O2 |
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2-氨基-4-羟基-6-苯基嘧啶 | 2-amino-6-phenyl-3H-pyrimidin-4-one | 56741-94-7 | C10H9N3O |
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2-氨基-4-羟基-6-肼基嘧啶 | 2-amino-6-hydrazino-4-oxopyrimidine | 6298-85-7 | C4H7N5O |
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2-氨基-4-羟基-6-碘嘧啶 | 2-amino-6-iodo-pyrimidin-4(3H)-one | 59524-88-8 | C4H4IN3O |
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2-氨基-4-羟基-6-甲基嘧啶 | 2-amino-6-methylpyrimidin-4-ol | 3977-29-5 | C5H7N3O |
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2-氨基-4-羟基-6-甲基-5-炔丙基嘧啶 | 2-Amino-6-methyl-5-(2-propynyl)-4(1H)-pyrimidinone | 81887-01-6 | C8H9N3O |
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2-氨基-4-羟基-6-甲基-5-嘧啶乙酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-(2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)acetate | 499209-19-7 | C9H13N3O3 |
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2-氨基-4-羟基-6-乙基嘧啶 | 2-amino-6-ethylpyrimidin-4-ol | 5734-66-7 | C6H9N3O |
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2-氨基-4-羟基-6-(三氟甲基)嘧啶 | 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine | 1513-69-5 | C5H4F3N3O |
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2-氨基-4-碘嘧啶 | 4-iodopyrimidin-2-amine | 815610-16-3 | C4H4IN3 |
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2-氨基-4-甲氧基嘧啶 | 4-methoxypyrimidin-2-amine | 155-90-8 | C5H7N3O |
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2-氨基-4-甲氧基-6-甲基嘧啶 | 2-amino-6-methoxy-4-methylpyrimidine | 7749-47-5 | C6H9N3O |
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2-氨基-4-甲基嘧啶-5-羧酸乙酯 | 2-amino-4-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester | 81633-29-6 | C8H11N3O2 |
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2-氨基-4-甲基嘧啶-5-硼酸频哪酯 | 4-methyl-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine | 944401-55-2 | C11H18BN3O2 |
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2-氨基-4-甲基嘧啶-5-甲酸 | 2-amino-4-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid | 769-51-7 | C6H7N3O2 |
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2-氨基-4-甲基嘧啶 | 4-Methyl-pyrimidin-2-ylamin | 108-52-1 | C5H7N3 |
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2-氨基-4-甲基-5-碘吡啶 | 5-Iod-2-amino-4-methylpyrimidin | 22294-56-0 | C5H6IN3 |
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2-氨基-4-甲基-5-溴嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4-methylpyrimidin-2-amine | 17321-93-6 | C5H6BrN3 |
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2-氨基-4-甲基-5-氰基嘧啶 | 2-amino-4-methylpyrimidine-5-carbonitrile | 17321-97-0 | C6H6N4 |
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2-氨基-4-溴嘧啶 | 4-bromopyrimidin-2-amine | 343926-69-2 | C4H4BrN3 |
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2-氨基-4-溴-6-甲基嘧啶 | 4-bromo-6-methylpyrimidin-2-amine | 5734-71-4 | C5H6BrN3 |
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2-氨基-4-氰基嘧啶 | 2-aminopyrimidine-4-carbonitrile | 36314-98-4 | C5H4N4 |
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2-氨基-4-氰基-6-甲基嘧啶 | 2-amino-6-methyl-pyrimidine-4-carbonitrile | 64376-14-3 | C6H6N4 |
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