嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物,与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键,表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水,碱性较弱,并且不易发生亲电取代反应;仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应,而不具备硝化或磺化的能力,但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中,如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内,有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基:尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶;其中,在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶,而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶,并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外,许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料,嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物,例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时,它们也是农药的重要组成部分,包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外,作为染料的原料,具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性,已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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5-氨基尿嘧啶 | 5-Aminouracil | 932-52-5 | C4H5N3O2 |
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5-氨基嘧啶-4-羧酸 | (S)-morpholin-2-ylmethanol hydrochloride | 1313584-92-7 | C5H11NO2*ClH |
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5-氨基嘧啶-2-羧酸甲酯 | methyl 5-aminopyrimidine-2-carboxylate | 73418-88-9 | C6H7N3O2 |
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5-氨基嘧啶-2-甲酰胺 | 5-Amino-2-carbamoyl-pyrimidin | 56621-97-7 | C5H6N4O |
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5-氨基嘧啶-2(1H)-酮 | 5-Aminopyrimidin-2(1H)-one | 344241-09-4 | C4H5N3O |
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5-氨基嘧啶 | pyrimidin-5-amine | 591-55-9 | C4H5N3 |
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5-氨基咪唑并[1,2-A]嘧啶 | 5-Amino-imidazo<1,2-a>pyrimidin | 57473-41-3 | C6H6N4 |
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5-氨基-6-氯嘧啶-4(1h)-酮 | 5-amino-6-chloropyrimidin-4(3H)-one | 3137-60-8 | C4H4ClN3O |
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5-氨基-4-羟基嘧啶 | 5-aminopyrimidin-4-ol | 69785-94-0 | C4H5N3O |
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5-氨基-4-氯嘧啶 | 4-chloropyrimidin-5-amine | 54660-78-5 | C4H4ClN3 |
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5-氨基-4,6-二羟基嘧啶 | 5-amino-4,6-dihydroxy-pyrimidine | 69340-97-2 | C4H5N3O2 |
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5-氨基-4,6-二羟基-2-甲基嘧啶 | 5-amino-2-methylpyrimidine-4,6-diol | 98797-08-1 | C5H7N3O2 |
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5-氨基-4,6-二甲基嘧啶 | 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-5-ylamine | 90856-77-2 | C6H9N3 |
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5-氨基-4,6-二甲基-2(1H)-嘧啶酮 | 5-amino-4,6-dimethyl-2-hydroxypyrimidine | 344249-04-3 | C6H9N3O |
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5-氨基-2-甲氧基-6-甲基嘧啶 | 6-methoxy-2-methylpyridin-3-amine | 52090-56-9 | C7H10N2O |
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5-氨基-2-甲基嘧啶 | 2-methylpyrimidin-5-amine | 39889-94-6 | C5H7N3 |
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5-氨基-2-甲基-4(1H)-嘧啶酮 | 5-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-4(3H)-one | 53135-22-1 | C5H7N3O |
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5-氨基-2-溴嘧啶 | 2-bromopyrimidin-5-amine | 56621-91-1 | C4H4BrN3 |
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5-氨基-2-氰基嘧啶 | 5-aminopyrimidine-2-carbonitrile | 56621-93-3 | C5H4N4 |
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5-氨基-2-氯嘧啶 | 2-chloro-5-aminopyrimidine | 56621-90-0 | C4H4ClN3 |
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5-氨基-2-氯-4-甲基嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4-methylpyrimidin-5-amine | 20090-69-1 | C5H6ClN3 |
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5-氨基-2-氟嘧啶 | 5-Amino-2-fluorpyrimidin | 56621-95-5 | C4H4FN3 |
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5-氨基-2,4-二羟基-6-甲基嘧啶 | 5-amino-2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylpyrimidine | 6270-46-8 | C5H7N3O2 |
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5-氨基-2,4-二氯嘧啶 | 5-amino-2,4-dichloropyrimidine | 5177-27-5 | C4H3Cl2N3 |
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5-氨基-2,4,6-三氯嘧啶 | 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidin-5-amine | 91322-00-8 | C4H2Cl3N3 |
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5-氨基-1-甲基-1,2-二氢吡啶-2-酮 | 5-amino-1-methylpyridin-2(1H)-one | 33630-96-5 | C6H8N2O |
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5-氟尿嘧啶N15标记 | 5-Fluorouracil-15N2 | 68941-95-7 | C4H3FN2O2 |
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5-氟尿嘧啶-2-14C | (14C)5-fluorouracil | 766-63-2 | C4H3FN2O2 |
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5-氟嘧啶-4-胺 | 5-fluoropyrimidin-4-amine | 811450-26-7 | C4H4FN3 |
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5-氟嘧啶-2,4,6-三醇 | 5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4,6-triol | 767-80-6 | C4H3FN2O3 |
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5-氟嘧啶 | 5-fluoropyrimidine | 675-21-8 | C4H3FN2 |
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5-氟-N-异丙基-2-嘧啶胺 | 2-isopropylamino-5-fluoro pyrimidine | 77476-97-2 | C7H10FN3 |
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5-氟-6-羟基氢尿嘧啶单水合物 | 5-fluoro-6-hydroxy-5,6-dihydrouracil | 37103-91-6 | C4H5FN2O3 |
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5-氟-4-肼基-2-甲氧基嘧啶 | 5-fluoro-4-hydrazino-2-methoxypyrimidine | 166524-64-7 | C5H7FN4O |
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5-氟-4,-二羟基嘧啶 | 5-fluoropyrimidine-4,6-diol | 106615-61-6 | C4H3FN2O2 |
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5-氟-3-甲基-1H-嘧啶-2,4-二酮 | 5-fluoro-3-methyluracil | 4840-69-1 | C5H5FN2O2 |
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5-氟-2-甲氧基-4-嘧啶胺 | 4-amino-5-fluoro-2-methoxypyrimidine | 1993-63-1 | C5H6FN3O |
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5-氟-2-甲基嘧啶-4(3H)-酮 | 2-Methyl-4-hydroxy-5-fluoropyrimidin | 1480-91-7 | C5H5FN2O |
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5-氟-2-甲基-4,6-二羟基嘧啶 | 5-fluoro-4,6-dihydroxy-2-methylpyrimidine | 1598-63-6 | C5H5FN2O2 |
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5-氟-2,4-双(三甲硅氧)嘧啶 | bis-trimethylsilyl-5-fluoro-uracil | 58138-78-6 | C10H19FN2O2Si2 |
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5-氟-1-(2-嘧啶基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲腈 | 5-Fluoro-1-(pyrimidin-2-YL)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile | 1269291-01-1 | C8H4FN5 |
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5-异丙基嘧啶-2(1H)-酮 | 5-isopropyl-1<i>H</i>-pyrimidin-2-one | 64171-58-0 | C7H10N2O |
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5-异丙基-2-氨基嘧啶 | 2-Amino-5-isopropyl-pyrimidin | 98432-17-8 | C7H11N3 |
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5-庚基-2-(4-庚氧基苯基)-嘧啶 | 5-heptyl-2-(4-hexyloxyphenyl)pyrimidine | 57202-37-6 | C23H34N2O |
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5-己基-2-(4-壬氧基苯基)嘧啶 | 5-n-Hexyl-2-(4'-n-nonyloxyphenyl)pyrimidine | 51462-26-1 | C25H38N2O |
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5-巯基甲脲嘧啶 | 5-mercaptomethyl-uracil | 4874-36-6 | C5H6N2O2S |
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5-嘧啶羧酸肼 | pyrimidine-5-carbohydrazide | 40929-42-8 | C5H6N4O |
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5-嘧啶羧酸盐酸盐 | pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid hydrochloride | 409357-05-7 | C5H4N2O2*0ClH |
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5-嘧啶羧酸甲酯 | methyl pyrimidine-5-carboxylat | 34253-01-5 | C6H6N2O2 |
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5-嘧啶羧胺 | pyrimidine-5-carboxamide | 40929-49-5 | C5H5N3O |
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