嘧啶类化合物
嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物，与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键，表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水，碱性较弱，并且不易发生亲电取代反应；仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应，而不具备硝化或磺化的能力，但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中，如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内，有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基：尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶；其中，在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶，而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶，并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外，许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料，嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物，例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时，它们也是农药的重要组成部分，包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外，作为染料的原料，具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性，已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| —— | 4-(4-pyridylmethyl)-1-piperazinecarboxylic acid, ethyl ester | 143210-48-4 | C13H19N3O2 |
|
| —— | 2-cyclopropyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid | 858956-25-9 | C8H8N2O3 |
|
| —— | 3-methoxy-1-naphthoic acid | 147397-60-2 | C12H10O3 |
|
| —— | 3-(pyrimidin-2-yl)thioazetidine | 931581-82-7 | C7H9N3S |
|
| —— | (1S,3S)-3-hydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid | 122743-44-6 | C7H12O3 |
|
| —— | 5,6-diaminouracil hydrochloride | 53608-89-2 | C4H7ClN4O2 |
|
| —— | 7-Chloro-5-(4-fluorophenyl)thiazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine | 1043931-29-8 | C11H5ClFN3S |
|
| —— | sodium pyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 352535-06-9 | C5H3N2O2*Na |
|
| —— | 6-bromo-1,5-dimethylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione | 1609259-61-1 | C6H7BrN2O2 |
|
| —— | Pyrimidin-aldehyd-(4)-oxim | 1073-65-0 | C5H5N3O |
|
| —— | 5-methyl-1<i>H</i>-pyrimidine-4,6-dione | 63447-38-1 | C5H6N2O2 |
|
| —— | 6-hydroxy-2-methylpyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid | 34415-10-6 | C6H6N2O3 |
|
| —— | 5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine | 69034-12-4 | C5H3F3N2 |
|
| —— | 4-hydroxy-6-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester | 157981-55-0 | C8H10N2O3 |
|
| —— | 4-Vinyl-4'-carboxy-diphenyl | 92496-30-5 | C15H12O2 |
|
| —— | pyrimidine radical cation | 289-95-2 | C4H4N2 |
|
| —— | uracil-5-carboxylate decarboxylase | 59299-01-3 | —— | —— |
| —— | 1,4-Piperidinedicarboxylic acid, 1-(phenylmethyl) ester | 10314-98-4 | C14H16NO4- |
|
| —— | 2,4,5-Triamino-6-pyrimidinol dihydrochloride | 51324-37-9 | C4H9Cl2N5O |
|
| —— | 6-Fluoro-2-methylamino-pyrimidin-4-ol | 313961-68-1 | C5H6FN3O |
|
| —— | 6-(Methoxymethyl)-2-(pyridin-3-YL)pyrimidin-4-OL | 339278-99-8 | C11H11N3O2 |
|
| —— | 4-Amino-2-dimethylamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine hemihydrate | 76750-84-0 | C6H12N4O2 |
|
| —— | 3,3,7,8-tetramethyl-11-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-2,3,4,5,10,11-hexahydro-1H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepin-1-one | 5748-34-5 | C29H30N2O2 |
|
| —— | 6-(Chloromethyl)-2-(3-methylphenyl)pyrimidin-4-ol | 680214-71-5 | C12H11ClN2O |
|
| —— | 6-(Methoxymethyl)-2-(3-methylphenyl)pyrimidin-4-ol | 883032-71-1 | C13H14N2O2 |
|
| —— | 4-t-Butyl-2-hydroxy-pyrimidin | 17322-03-1 | C8H12N2O |
|
| —— | 2,3-dihydropyridin-4(1H)-one | 24681-60-5 | C5H7NO |
|
| —— | (+/-)-trans-3-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid | 21531-44-2 | C7H12O3 |
|
| —— | 5-(bromomethyl)-2-chloropyrimidine | 153281-13-1 | C5H4BrClN2 |
|
| —— | Neoprotoveratrine | 124-97-0 | C41H63NO15 |
|
| —— | 4-(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-thieno[3,2-b]pyrrole-5,6-dione | 1147124-46-6 | C14H19NO2S |
|
| —— | β-hydroxyethyl-2 dioxanne-1,3 | 5465-07-6 | C6H12O3 |
|
| —— | 4-Chloro-2-methylpyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde | 933686-05-6 | C6H5ClN2O |
|
| —— | 1,1’,1“-(1,3,5-triazinane-1,3,5-triyl)tris(2-bromoethanone) | 92531-02-7 | C9H12Br3N3O3 |
|
| —— | 5-methyl-6-phenylpyrimidin-4-one | 37898-32-1 | C11H10N2O |
|
| —— | 7-methyl-3H-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-one | 175137-13-0 | C7H6N2OS |
|
| —— | 2-Amino-6-(hydroxymethyl)pyrimidin-4(1H)-one | 253340-48-6 | C5H7N3O2 |
|
| —— | Pyrrolidinyl diaminopyrimidine oxide | 55921-65-8 | C8H13N5O |
|
| —— | 4,6-diphenylpyrimidine | 3977-48-8 | C16H12N2 |
|
| —— | 3,4-di-O-isopropylidene-D-mannitol | 3969-84-4 | C9H18O6 |
|
| —— | 6-Chlor-4-methyl-2-butylpyrimidin | 848499-42-3 | C9H13ClN2 |
|
| —— | 2-Amino-4-chloro-6-hydroxypyrimidine monohydrate | 410530-71-1 | C4H4ClN3O*H2O |
|
| —— | Pyrimido[4,5-g]quinazoline | 260-75-3 | C10H6N4 |
|
| —— | 5-amino-1,3-bis-n-propyluracil | 51038-42-7 | C10H17N3O2 |
|
| —— | (4-methoxyphenyl)(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methanone | 6185-76-8 | C15H11F3O2 |
|
| —— | (3Z)-3-[[4-[(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)sulfamoyl]phenyl]hydrazinylidene]-6-oxocyclohexa-1,4-diene-1-carboxylic acid | 2315-08-4 | C19H17N5O5S |
|
| —— | benzyl (2-(2-(2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)carbamate | 206265-31-8 | C16H25NO6 |
|
| —— | 6-iodouridine | 105967-11-1 | C9H11IN2O6 |
|
| —— | 2-{2-[7-(2-Methyl-1H-indol-5-ylamino)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridin-2-yl]-thiazol-5-yl}-propan-2-ol | 225382-67-2 | C22H20N4OS2 |
|
| —— | tert-butyl 2-carbamoyl-1H-pyrrol-1-ylcarbamate | 1206824-76-1 | C10H15N3O3 |
|
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