嘧啶类化合物
嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物，与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键，表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水，碱性较弱，并且不易发生亲电取代反应；仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应，而不具备硝化或磺化的能力，但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中，如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内，有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基：尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶；其中，在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶，而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶，并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外，许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料，嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物，例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时，它们也是农药的重要组成部分，包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外，作为染料的原料，具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性，已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| (3嘧啶-2吡啶)甲醇 | (3-(pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)methanol | 892502-12-4 | C11H10N2O |
| (3-羟基甲基吡啶-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯 | 2-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino-3-hydrohymethyl pyridine | 877593-11-8 | C11H16N2O3 |
| (3-氯二苯-4-基)胺.HCL | 3'-chloro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-amine | 5748-36-7 | C12H10ClN |
| (3-氨基-4-氯苯基)甲醇 | (3-amino-4-chlorophenyl)methanol | 104317-94-4 | C7H8ClNO |
| (3-氨基-1-二环[1.1.1]戊基)甲醇 | (3-aminobicyclo[1.1.1]pentan-1-yl)methanol | 1638767-26-6 | C6H11NO |
| (3-嘧啶-5-苯基)甲醇 | (3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)methanol | 852180-75-7 | C11H10N2O |
| (3-(5-溴嘧啶-2-基)苯基)甲醇 | (3-(5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)methanol | 1092568-90-5 | C11H9BrN2O |
| (2Z,6E)-3,7,11-三甲基十二碳-2,6,10-三烯-1-醇 | (2Z,6E)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trien-1-ol | 3790-71-4 | C15H26O |
| (2S)-(1-四氢嘧啶-2-酮)-3-甲基丁酸 | (S)-tetrahydro-α-(1-methylethyl)-2-oxo-1(2H)-pyrimidineacetic acid | 192725-50-1 | C9H16N2O3 |
| (2E)-3-(2-氨基嘧啶-5-基)丙烯酸 | (E)-3-(2-aminopyrimidin-5-yl)acrylic acid | 335030-80-3 | C7H7N3O2 |
| (2-甲基嘧啶-4-基)甲胺 | (2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)methanamine | 22454-79-1 | C6H9N3 |
| (2-氯嘧啶-5-基)甲醇 | (2-chloropyrimidin-5-yl)methanol | 1046816-75-4 | C5H5ClN2O |
| (2-氯嘧啶-4-基)甲醇 | (2-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)methanol | 34953-87-2 | C5H5ClN2O |
| (2-氯嘧啶-4-基)甲胺 | (2-chloro-pyrimidin-4-yl)-methyl-amine | 181363-10-0 | C5H6ClN3 |
| (2-氯-嘧啶-4-甲基)-环丙胺 | N-((2-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)methyl)cyclopropanamine | 1289386-31-7 | C8H10ClN3 |
| (2-氨基-4,6-二甲基-5-嘧啶基)乙酸 | (2-Amino-4,6-dimethyl-5-pyrimidinyl)acetic acid | 933687-60-6 | C8H11N3O2 |
| (2-氨基-3-甲基-3H-咪唑-4-基)-甲醇 | (2-amino-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methanol | 885281-27-6 | C5H9N3O |
| (2-乙基-嘧啶-5-基)-甲胺 | (2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-5-yl)methanamine | 608515-92-0 | C6H6F3N3 |
| (2,6-二氯-嘧啶-4-基)-二甲胺 | 4-dimethylamino-2,6-dichloropyrimidine | 117077-93-7 | C6H7Cl2N3 |
| (2,6-二氯-4-嘧啶)-苯胺 | 2,4-dichloro-6-(phenylamino)pyrimidine | 28230-47-9 | C10H7Cl2N3 |
| (2,4,6-三氯-嘧啶-5-基)-乙酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-(2,4,6-trichloropyrimidin-5-yl)acetate | 889944-72-3 | C8H7Cl3N2O2 |
| (1R,2R)-反式-N-Boc-1,2-环戊烷二胺 | tert-butyl ((1R,2R)-2-aminocyclopentyl)carbamate | 1016971-66-6 | C10H20N2O2 |
| (11bR)-2-(环己基羰基)-1,2,3,6,7,11B-六氢-4H-吡嗪并[2,1-a]异喹啉-4-酮 | (R)-praziquantel | 57452-98-9 | C19H24N2O2 |
| —— | 6-cyanopyridin-2-ylboronic acid | 848500-38-9 | C6H5BN2O2 |
| —— | 3,3-difluoro-2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid | 1022154-50-2 | C5H8F2O2 |
| —— | tert-butyl-4-(methacryloyloxy)piperidine-1-carboxylate salt | 1229727-38-1 | C14H23NO4 |
| —— | Benzo[f]furo[3,2-c]quinoline | 195-66-4 | C15H9NO |
| —— | 24-β-Hydroxycholesterol | 474-73-7 | C27H46O2 |
| —— | 2-(bromomethyl)-4-methoxy-1,3-dimethylbenzene | 1260743-46-1 | C10H13BrO |
| —— | 4-Amino-6-hydroxy-2-mercapto-5-nitrosopyrimidine ammonium salt | 5451-33-2 | C4H8N5O2S+ |
| —— | N-Methyl-1-(4-pyrimidinyl)methanamine dihydrochloride | 1984118-01-5 | C6H11Cl2N3 |
| —— | 2-(4'-Methoxypyrimidin-2'-yl)essigsaeure | 66621-78-1 | C7H8N2O3 |
| —— | 2,4-dichloro-<l>benzothieno<2,3-d>pyrimidine | 76872-40-7 | C10H4Cl2N2S |
| —— | 2,5-DIMETHYLPYRAZOLO(1,5-A)PYRIMIDIN-7-ONE | 98488-10-9 | C8H9N3O |
| —— | (5-{5-(4-{[2-(4-chloro-phenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-cyclohex-1-en-1-yl]methyl}piperazin-1-yl)-2-[({3-nitro-4-[tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ylmethylamino]phenyl}sulfonyl)carbamoyl]phenoxy}-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-7-yl)methyldihydrogenphosphate | 1351456-78-4 | C46H53ClN7O11PS |
| —— | (S)-N-(3-bromophenyl)-N'-cyano-2-methyl-4-(5-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazine-1-carboximidamide | 1116571-01-7 | C20H21BrN8 |
| —— | 6-methoxy-2-methyl-3<i>H</i>-pyrimidin-4-one | 38249-50-2 | C6H8N2O2 |
| —— | (4-Methylpyrimidin-2-yl)methanamine dihydrochloride | 933682-85-0 | C6H11Cl2N3 |
| —— | 2,4,6-trioxo-hexahydro-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid amide | 56032-78-1 | C5H5N3O4 |
| —— | (5-phenylpyrimidin-2-yl)methanamine | 944903-70-2 | C11H11N3 |
| —— | (1r,4r)-4-amino-1-methylcyclohexan-1-ol | 177908-37-1 | C7H15NO |
| —— | 2’-deoxyuridine 5’-monophosphate disodium salt | 42155-08-8 | C9H11N2O8P*2Na |
| —— | trans-3-tert-Butoxycarbonylaminocyclohex-4-enecarboxylic acid | 1008773-81-6 | C12H19NO4 |
| —— | 2-Methylheptyl 8-methylnonyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate | 94770-75-9 | C26H42O4 |
| —— | 5'-O-(4,4'-dimethoxytrityl)-5-(E)-(2-carboxyvinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine | 923023-62-5 | C33H32N2O9 |
| —— | 5-Aza-cytidin-5'-triphosphat | 2226-74-6 | C8H15N4O14P3 |
| —— | (S)-Qinoclidinole | 18684-63-4 | C8H14O |
| —— | 2-methyl-5-ethoxymethyl-6-chloropyrimidine | 749835-80-1 | C8H11ClN2O |
| —— | (3-aminobicyclo[1.1.1]pentan-1-yl)methanol hydrochloride | 1638767-26-6 | C6H11NO*ClH |
| —— | 2-(5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl)propan-2-ol | 1193244-89-1 | C7H9BrN2O |
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