嘧啶类化合物
嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物，与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键，表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水，碱性较弱，并且不易发生亲电取代反应；仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应，而不具备硝化或磺化的能力，但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中，如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内，有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基：尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶；其中，在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶，而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶，并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外，许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料，嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物，例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时，它们也是农药的重要组成部分，包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外，作为染料的原料，具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性，已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5-碘-6-甲基-4(1H)-嘧啶酮 | 5-iodo-6-methyl-3H-pyrimidin-4-one | 7752-74-1 | C5H5IN2O |
|
| 5-碘-4-甲氧基嘧啶 | 5-iodo-4-methoxypyrimidine | 219915-13-6 | C5H5IN2O |
|
| 5-碘-4-甲基嘧啶 | 5-Iodo-4-methylpyrimidine | 91749-26-7 | C5H5IN2 |
|
| 5-碘-2-甲氧基嘧啶 | 5-iodo-2-methoxypyrimidine | 101803-06-9 | C5H5IN2O |
|
| 5-碘-2-甲基-4-羟基嘧啶 | 5-iodo-2-methyl-4(3H)-pyrimidinone | 111079-41-5 | C5H5IN2O |
|
| 5-碘-2-嘧啶酮 | 5-iodo-2(1H)-pyrimidinone | 79387-69-2 | C4H3IN2O |
|
| 5-碘-1,3,6-三甲基尿嘧啶 | 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-5-iodo-1,3,6-trimethyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidine | 134039-54-6 | C7H9IN2O2 |
|
| 5-硝基嘧啶-2-羧酸 | 5-Nitropyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid | 1086393-02-3 | C5H3N3O4 |
|
| 5-硝基嘧啶 | 5-nitropyrimidine | 14080-32-1 | C4H3N3O2 |
|
| 5-硝基-6-甲基-脲嘧啶 | 5-nitro-6-methyluracil | 16632-21-6 | C5H5N3O4 |
|
| 5-硝基-6-氯嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮 | 6-chloro-5-nitrouracil | 6630-30-4 | C4H2ClN3O4 |
|
| 5-硝基-4,6-二羟基嘧啶 | 4,6-dihydroxy-5-nitropyrimidine | 2164-83-2 | C4H3N3O4 |
|
| 5-硝基-4,6-二氨基嘧啶 | 4,6-Diamino-5-nitropyrimidine | 2164-84-3 | C4H5N5O2 |
|
| 5-甲氨基尿嘧啶 | 5-(methylamino)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione | 7577-92-6 | C5H7N3O2 |
|
| 5-甲氨基嘧啶 | N-methylpyrimidin-5-amine | 40492-24-8 | C5H7N3 |
|
| 5-甲氧基嘧啶-2-甲腈 | 5-methoxypyrimidine-2-carbonitrile | 87362-32-1 | C6H5N3O |
|
| 5-甲氧基嘧啶-2(1H)-酮 | 2-Hydroxy-5-methoxypyrimidin | 16290-93-0 | C5H6N2O2 |
|
| 5-甲氧基嘧啶 | 5-methoxypyrimidine | 31458-33-0 | C5H6N2O |
|
| 5-甲氧基-4-肼基嘧啶 | hydrazino-4 methoxy-5 pyrimidine | 99419-06-4 | C5H8N4O |
|
| 5-甲氧基-3-吡啶硼酸频哪醇酯 | 3-methoxy-5-pyridineboronic acid pinacol ester | 445264-60-8 | C12H18BNO3 |
|
| 5-甲氧基-2-甲硫基嘧啶-4-醇 | 4-Hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-methylmercapto-pyrimidin | 1671-08-5 | C6H8N2O2S |
|
| 5-甲氧基-2-甲硫基-4-氯嘧啶 | 4-Chlor-5-methoxy-2-methylmercapto-pyrimidin | 87026-45-7 | C6H7ClN2OS |
|
| 5-甲氧基-2-巯基-4-嘧啶醇 | 5-Methoxy-2-Sulfanyl-4-Pyrimidinol | 6939-11-3 | C5H6N2O2S |
|
| 5-甲氧基-2,4-二羟基嘧啶 | 2,4-Dihydroxy-5-methoxy-pyrimidin | 6623-81-0 | C5H6N2O3 |
|
| 5-甲基异恶唑-3-甲醛 | 5-methyl-isoxazole-3-carbaldehyde | 62254-74-4 | C5H5NO2 |
|
| 5-甲基嘧啶-4-醇 | 4-oxo-6-methylpyrimidine | 17758-52-0 | C5H6N2O |
|
| 5-甲基嘧啶-2-羧酸 | 5-methylpyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid | 99420-75-4 | C6H6N2O2 |
|
| 5-甲基嘧啶-2-甲醛 | 5-methylpyrimidine-2-carbaldehyde | 90905-62-7 | C6H6N2O |
|
| 5-甲基嘧啶 | 5-methylpyrimidine | 2036-41-1 | C5H6N2 |
|
| 5-甲基吡唑并[1,5-A]嘧啶-7-胺 | 5-Methyl-7-amino-pyrazolo<1,5-a>pyrimidin | 2369-88-2 | C7H8N4 |
|
| 5-甲基-6-苯基噻吩[2,3-D]嘧啶-4-醇 | 5-methyl-6-phenyl-3H-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one | 306934-76-9 | C13H10N2OS |
|
| 5-甲基-6-氨基尿嘧啶 | 6-aminothymine | 15828-63-4 | C5H7N3O2 |
|
| 5-甲基-6-二甲氨基尿嘧啶 | 5-Methyl-6-dimethylaminouracil | 70629-11-7 | C7H11N3O2 |
|
| 5-甲基-4-苯基嘧啶-2-胺 | 5-methyl-6-phenylpyrimidin-2-amine | 61541-77-3 | C11H11N3 |
|
| 5-甲基-4-嘧啶羧酸 | 5-methyl-pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid | 933683-35-3 | C6H6N2O2 |
|
| 5-甲基-2-嘧啶羧酸甲酯 | methyl 5-methylpyrimidine-2-carboxylate | 76196-80-0 | C7H8N2O2 |
|
| 5-甲基-2-(甲硫基)嘧啶 | 2-Methylmercapto-5-methyl-pyrimidin | 100114-24-7 | C6H8N2S |
|
| 5-甲基-2-(嘧啶-2-基)苯甲酸 | 5-methyl-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzoic acid | 1088994-22-2 | C12H10N2O2 |
|
| 5-甲基-2(1h)-嘧啶硫酮 | 5-methyl-1<i>H</i>-pyrimidine-2-thione | 42783-64-2 | C5H6N2S |
|
| 5-甲基-2'-甲氧基乙氧基胞嘧啶 | 2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)-5-methylcytidine | 244105-55-3 | C13H21N3O6 |
|
| 5-环丙基嘧啶-2-胺 | 5-cyclopropylpyrimidin-2-amine | 21573-16-0 | C7H9N3 |
|
| 5-烯丙基-4,6-二氯嘧啶 | 5-allyl-4,6-dichloropyrimidine | 16019-31-1 | C7H6Cl2N2 |
|
| 5-烯丙基-2,4,6-三氯嘧啶 | 5-allyl-2,4,6-trichloro-pyrimidine | 10182-68-0 | C7H5Cl3N2 |
|
| 5-溴胞嘧啶 | 5-bromocytosine | 2240-25-7 | C4H4BrN3O |
|
| 5-溴甲基-2-甲基-4-氨基嘧啶溴化氢 | 4-amino-5-bromomethyl-2-methylpyrimidine hydrobromide | 2908-71-6 | BrH*C6H8BrN3 |
|
| 5-溴尿嘧啶 | 5-bromouracil | 51-20-7 | C4H3BrN2O2 |
|
| 5-溴噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶 | 5-Bromothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 1379322-62-9 | C6H3BrN2S |
|
| 5-溴嘧啶-4-酮半硫酸盐 | 5-Bromo-4(3H)-pyrimidinone hemisulfate | 97234-97-4 | C8H8Br2N4O6S |
|
| 5-溴嘧啶-4-酮 | 5-bromopyrimidin-4(3H)-one | 19808-30-1 | C4H3BrN2O |
|
| 5-溴嘧啶-4-甲醇 | (5-bromopyrimidin-4-yl)methanol | 811450-15-4 | C5H5BrN2O |
|
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