嘧啶类化合物
嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物，与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键，表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水，碱性较弱，并且不易发生亲电取代反应；仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应，而不具备硝化或磺化的能力，但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中，如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内，有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基：尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶；其中，在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶，而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶，并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外，许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料，嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物，例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时，它们也是农药的重要组成部分，包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外，作为染料的原料，具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性，已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6-(三氟甲基)尿嘧啶 | 6-Trifluoromethyluracil | 672-45-7 | C5H3F3N2O2 |
|
| 6-(N-Boc-甲氨基)吡啶-3-硼酸频哪醇酯 | tert-butyl methyl(5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate | 1032758-87-4 | C17H27BN2O4 |
|
| 6-(4-溴苯基)-4,5-二氢-3(2H)-哒嗪酮 | 6-(4-bromophenyl)-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3(2H)-one | 36725-37-8 | C10H9BrN2O |
|
| 6-(4-氯苯基)嘧啶-2,4-二胺 | 2,4-diamino-6-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrimidine | 175137-09-4 | C10H9ClN4 |
|
| 6-(4-氟苯基)吡啶-3-硼酸 | 6-(4-fluorophenyl)pyridine-3-boronic acid | 1072944-20-7 | C11H9BFNO2 |
|
| 6-(4-吗啡氨基)嘧啶-3-硼酸频哪酯 | N-(5-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)morpholin-4-amine | 1073354-38-7 | C15H24BN3O3 |
|
| 6-(3-氯丙基)氨基1,3-二甲基脲嘧啶 | 6‑(3‑chloropropyl)amino‑1,3‑dimethyluracil | 34654-81-4 | C9H14ClN3O2 |
|
| 6-(2-氯-5-氟-嘧啶-4-基)-4-氟-1-异丙基-2-甲基-1H-苯并咪唑 | 6-(2-chloro-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-4-fluoro-1-isopropyl-2-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole | 1231930-42-9 | C15H13ClF2N4 |
|
| 6-(2,6-二氯苯氧基)-2,4-二氨基嘧啶 | 6-(2,6-Dichlorophenoxy)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine | 948550-81-0 | C10H8Cl2N4O |
|
| 6-(1-氟乙基)-4(1H)-嘧啶 | 6-(1-fluoroethyl)-4-pyrimidone | 227184-11-4 | C6H7FN2O |
|
| 6-(1-吡咯烷)-4-嘧啶胺 | 6-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine | 76620-99-0 | C8H12N4 |
|
| 6,7-二氢-5H环戊[b]并吡啶-2-醇 | 1,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopentan[b]pyridin-2-one | 88499-85-8 | C8H9NO |
|
| 6,7-二氢-5H-环戊并[d]嘧啶-4-胺 | 4-amino-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[1,2-d]pyrimidine | 26979-06-6 | C7H9N3 |
|
| 6,7-二氢-5H-环戊[d]嘧啶-2-胺 | 6,7-dihydro-5h-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidin-2-amine | 108990-72-3 | C7H9N3 |
|
| 6 -甲氧基- 2 -(三正丁基锡)嘧啶 | 4-methoxy-2-tri-n-butylstannylpyrimidine | 850501-35-8 | C17H32N2OSn |
|
| 6 -氟脲嘧啶 | 6-fluorouracil | 591-36-6 | C4H3FN2O2 |
|
| 5H-环戊并嘧啶,6,7-二氢- | 5H-6,7-dihydrocyclopenta<d>pyrimidine | 5661-00-7 | C7H8N2 |
|
| 5H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶 | 5H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 18549-65-0 | C6H5N3 |
|
| 5H-吡咯[3,2-D]嘧啶 | 5H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine | 272-50-4 | C6H5N3 |
|
| 5-（4-甲氧基苯基）-2-氯嘧啶 | 2-chloro-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrimidine | 27794-03-2 | C11H9ClN2O |
|
| 5-间甲苯嘧啶-2-胺 | 5-(m-Tolyl)pyrimidin-2-amine | 914349-42-1 | C11H11N3 |
|
| 5-重氮尿嘧啶 | 5-DIAZOURACIL | 2435-76-9 | C4H2N4O2 |
|
| 5-苯并噁唑羧醛 | benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde | 638192-65-1 | C8H5NO2 |
|
| 5-苯基嘧啶 | 5-phenylpyrimidine | 34771-45-4 | C10H8N2 |
|
| 5-苯基-6-氮杂尿嘧啶 | 5-phenyl-6-azauracil | 23891-08-9 | C9H7N3O2 |
|
| 5-苯基-4,6-嘧啶二醇 | 5-phenylpyrimidine-4,6-diol | 18337-64-9 | C10H8N2O2 |
|
| 5-苯基-3H-噻吩[2,3-D]-嘧啶-4-酮 | 5-phenylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one | 35978-39-3 | C12H8N2OS |
|
| 5-苯基-2-嘧啶胺 | 5-phenyl-pyrimidin-2-ylamine | 31408-23-8 | C10H9N3 |
|
| 5-苯基-2-嘧啶羧酸 | 5-Phenylpyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid | 85386-20-5 | C11H8N2O2 |
|
| 5-苯基-1H-嘧啶-2,4-二酮 | 5-phenyluracil | 15761-83-8 | C10H8N2O2 |
|
| 5-苄氧基-2,4-二氯嘧啶 | 5-(benzyloxy)-2,4-dichloropyrimidine | 91183-17-4 | C11H8Cl2N2O |
|
| 5-苄基-2,4-二氨基嘧啶 | 2,4-diamino-5-benzylpyrimidine | 7319-45-1 | C11H12N4 |
|
| 5-苄基-2,4,6-三氯-嘧啶 | 5-benzyl-2,4,6-trichloro-pyrimidine | 14273-79-1 | C11H7Cl3N2 |
|
| 5-腈基-2-甲硫基嘧啶 | 2-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile | 38275-43-3 | C6H5N3S |
|
| 5-羟甲基脲嘧啶 | 5-hydroxymethyl uracil | 4433-40-3 | C5H6N2O3 |
|
| 5-羟甲基-2-苯基嘧啶 | (2-phenylpyrimidin-5-yl)methanol | 886531-62-0 | C11H10N2O |
|
| 5-羟基甲基-2-硫尿嘧啶 | 4-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-mercaptopyrimidine | 93185-31-0 | C5H6N2O2S |
|
| 5-羟基甲基-2-甲基嘧啶-4-醇 | 4-Hydroxy-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methyl-pyrimidin | 698-30-6 | C6H8N2O2 |
|
| 5-羟基嘧啶 | 5-pyrimidinol | 26456-59-7 | C4H4N2O |
|
| 5-羟基咪唑并[1,2-a]嘧啶 | imidazolo<1,2-a>pyrimidine-5(1H)-one | 55662-68-5 | C6H5N3O |
|
| 5-羟基-4-甲基嘧啶 | 4-methyl-5-hydroxypyrimidine | 101257-87-8 | C5H6N2O |
|
| 5-羟基-4(1H)-嘧啶酮 | 5-hydroxypyrimidin-4(3H)-one | 15837-41-9 | C4H4N2O2 |
|
| 5-羟基-2-甲氧基嘧啶 | 2-methoxypyrimidin-5-ol | 91233-70-4 | C5H6N2O2 |
|
| 5-羟基-2(1h)-嘧啶酮 | 2,5-Dihydroxypyrimidin | 4874-29-7 | C4H4N2O2 |
|
| 5-碘尿嘧啶 | 5-Iodouracil | 696-07-1 | C4H3IN2O2 |
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| 5-碘嘧啶 | 5-iodopyrimidine | 31462-58-5 | C4H3IN2 |
|
| 5-碘吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶 | 5-iodo-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine | 705262-65-3 | C6H4IN3 |
|
| 5-碘-7H-吡咯并[2,3-D]嘧啶 | 5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 175791-53-4 | C6H4IN3 |
|
| 5-碘-7-甲基-7h-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-胺 | 5-iodo-7-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine | 862729-13-3 | C7H7IN4 |
|
| 5-碘-6-甲基尿嘧啶 | 5-iodine-6-methyl-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione | 1461-67-2 | C5H5IN2O2 |
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