嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物,与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键,表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水,碱性较弱,并且不易发生亲电取代反应;仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应,而不具备硝化或磺化的能力,但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中,如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内,有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基:尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶;其中,在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶,而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶,并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外,许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料,嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物,例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时,它们也是农药的重要组成部分,包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外,作为染料的原料,具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性,已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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6-叔丁基嘧啶-4-胺 | 6-tert-butylpyrimidin-4-ylamine | 3435-27-6 | C8H13N3 |
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6-叔丁基-4-氯噻酚[3,2-D]嘧啶 | 6-tert-Butyl-4-chlorothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine | 439693-52-4 | C10H11ClN2S |
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6-叔丁基-3H-噻吩[2,3-D]嘧啶-4-酮 | 6-tert-butyl-4-oxothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 439692-54-3 | C10H12N2OS |
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6-二甲氨基-4-1H-嘧啶酮 | 4-Dimethylamino-6-hydroxy-pyrimidin | 1124-21-6 | C6H9N3O |
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6-乙氧基-1,3-二甲基-嘧啶-2,4-二酮 | 1,3-dimethyl-6-ethoxyuracil | 93787-99-6 | C8H12N2O3 |
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6-乙基水杨酸甲酯 | ethyl 2-(9H-adenin-9-yl)acetate | 25477-96-7 | C9H11N5O2 |
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6-乙基噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-胺 | 6-ethylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine | 879873-49-1 | C8H9N3S |
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6-乙基噻吩[2,3-d]嘧啶-4(3H)-酮 | 4-oxo-(3H)-6-ethylthieno<2,3-d>pyrimidine | 18593-51-6 | C8H8N2OS |
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6-乙基嘧啶-4-醇 | 6-ethyl-3H-pyrimidin-4-one | 124703-78-2 | C6H8N2O |
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6-乙基嘧啶-4-胺 | 6-ethylpyrimidin-4-amine | 856160-67-3 | C6H9N3 |
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6-乙基-5-氟嘧啶-4(3H)-酮 | 6-ethyl-5-fluoro-4-hydroxypyrimidine | 137234-87-8 | C6H7FN2O |
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6-三氟甲基-4-羟基-2-甲硫基嘧啶 | 2-(methylthio)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-ol | 16097-62-4 | C6H5F3N2OS |
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6-三氟甲基-4-溴嘧啶 | 4-bromo-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine | 785777-89-1 | C5H2BrF3N2 |
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6-丁基氨基-4-氯嘧啶 | butyl-(6-chloro-pyrimidin-4-yl)-amine | 26423-00-7 | C8H12ClN3 |
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6-[环己基(甲基)氨基]吡啶-3-硼酸频哪醇酯 | N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2-amine | 1073354-73-0 | C18H29BN2O2 |
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6-Boc-2-氨基-7,8-二氢-5H-吡啶并[4,3-d]嘧啶 | 6-t-butoxycarbonyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidin-2-ylamine | 869198-95-8 | C12H18N4O2 |
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6-(羟基甲基)尿嘧啶 | 6-(hydroxymethyl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione | 22126-44-9 | C5H6N2O3 |
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6-(甲基氨基)嘧啶-4-醇 | 4-methylamino-6-oxopyrimidine | 1122-67-4 | C5H7N3O |
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6-(氯甲基)脲嘧啶 | 6-chloromethyluracil | 18592-13-7 | C5H5ClN2O2 |
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6-(氯甲基)-2-苯基嘧啶-4-醇 | 6-(Chloromethyl)-2-phenylpyrimidin-4-ol | 35252-98-3 | C11H9ClN2O |
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6-(氯甲基)-2-甲基嘧啶-4-醇 | 6-(chloromethyl)-2-methylpyrimidin-4-ol | 35252-96-1 | C6H7ClN2O |
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6-(叔丁基)-4-氯噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶 | 6-tert-butyl-4-chlorothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 439692-55-4 | C10H11ClN2S |
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6-(三氟甲基)尿嘧啶 | 6-Trifluoromethyluracil | 672-45-7 | C5H3F3N2O2 |
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6-(N-Boc-甲氨基)吡啶-3-硼酸频哪醇酯 | tert-butyl methyl(5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate | 1032758-87-4 | C17H27BN2O4 |
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6-(4-溴苯基)-4,5-二氢-3(2H)-哒嗪酮 | 6-(4-bromophenyl)-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3(2H)-one | 36725-37-8 | C10H9BrN2O |
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6-(4-氯苯基)嘧啶-2,4-二胺 | 2,4-diamino-6-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrimidine | 175137-09-4 | C10H9ClN4 |
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6-(4-氟苯基)吡啶-3-硼酸 | 6-(4-fluorophenyl)pyridine-3-boronic acid | 1072944-20-7 | C11H9BFNO2 |
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6-(4-吗啡氨基)嘧啶-3-硼酸频哪酯 | N-(5-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)morpholin-4-amine | 1073354-38-7 | C15H24BN3O3 |
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6-(3-氯丙基)氨基1,3-二甲基脲嘧啶 | 6‑(3‑chloropropyl)amino‑1,3‑dimethyluracil | 34654-81-4 | C9H14ClN3O2 |
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6-(2-氯-5-氟-嘧啶-4-基)-4-氟-1-异丙基-2-甲基-1H-苯并咪唑 | 6-(2-chloro-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-4-fluoro-1-isopropyl-2-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole | 1231930-42-9 | C15H13ClF2N4 |
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6-(2,6-二氯苯氧基)-2,4-二氨基嘧啶 | 6-(2,6-Dichlorophenoxy)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine | 948550-81-0 | C10H8Cl2N4O |
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6-(1-氟乙基)-4(1H)-嘧啶 | 6-(1-fluoroethyl)-4-pyrimidone | 227184-11-4 | C6H7FN2O |
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6-(1-吡咯烷)-4-嘧啶胺 | 6-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine | 76620-99-0 | C8H12N4 |
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6,7-二氢-5H环戊[b]并吡啶-2-醇 | 1,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopentan[b]pyridin-2-one | 88499-85-8 | C8H9NO |
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6,7-二氢-5H-环戊并[d]嘧啶-4-胺 | 4-amino-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[1,2-d]pyrimidine | 26979-06-6 | C7H9N3 |
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6,7-二氢-5H-环戊[d]嘧啶-2-胺 | 6,7-dihydro-5h-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidin-2-amine | 108990-72-3 | C7H9N3 |
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6 -甲氧基- 2 -(三正丁基锡)嘧啶 | 4-methoxy-2-tri-n-butylstannylpyrimidine | 850501-35-8 | C17H32N2OSn |
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6 -氟脲嘧啶 | 6-fluorouracil | 591-36-6 | C4H3FN2O2 |
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5H-环戊并嘧啶,6,7-二氢- | 5H-6,7-dihydrocyclopenta<d>pyrimidine | 5661-00-7 | C7H8N2 |
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5H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶 | 5H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 18549-65-0 | C6H5N3 |
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5H-吡咯[3,2-D]嘧啶 | 5H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine | 272-50-4 | C6H5N3 |
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5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-2-氯嘧啶 | 2-chloro-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrimidine | 27794-03-2 | C11H9ClN2O |
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5-间甲苯嘧啶-2-胺 | 5-(m-Tolyl)pyrimidin-2-amine | 914349-42-1 | C11H11N3 |
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5-重氮尿嘧啶 | 5-DIAZOURACIL | 2435-76-9 | C4H2N4O2 |
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5-苯并噁唑羧醛 | benzo[d]oxazole-5-carbaldehyde | 638192-65-1 | C8H5NO2 |
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5-苯基嘧啶 | 5-phenylpyrimidine | 34771-45-4 | C10H8N2 |
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5-苯基-6-氮杂尿嘧啶 | 5-phenyl-6-azauracil | 23891-08-9 | C9H7N3O2 |
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5-苯基-4,6-嘧啶二醇 | 5-phenylpyrimidine-4,6-diol | 18337-64-9 | C10H8N2O2 |
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5-苯基-3H-噻吩[2,3-D]-嘧啶-4-酮 | 5-phenylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one | 35978-39-3 | C12H8N2OS |
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5-苯基-2-嘧啶胺 | 5-phenyl-pyrimidin-2-ylamine | 31408-23-8 | C10H9N3 |
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