嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物,与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键,表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水,碱性较弱,并且不易发生亲电取代反应;仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应,而不具备硝化或磺化的能力,但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中,如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内,有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基:尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶;其中,在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶,而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶,并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外,许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料,嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物,例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时,它们也是农药的重要组成部分,包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外,作为染料的原料,具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性,已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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2-羟基嘧啶-5-硼酸 | 2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrimidin-5-ylboronic acid | 373384-19-1 | C4H5BN2O3 |
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2-羟基嘧啶-4-羧酸乙酯 | Ethyl 2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrimidine-4-carboxylate | 306961-02-4 | C7H8N2O3 |
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2-羟基嘧啶 | Pyrimidin-2(1H)-one | 557-01-7 | C4H4N2O |
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2-羟基-6-甲基嘧啶-4-羧酸乙酯 | 1,2-Dihydro-6-methyl-2-oxopyridin-4-carbonsaeure-ethylester | 150190-03-7 | C9H11NO3 |
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2-羟基-5-硝基嘧啶 | 2-hydroxy-5-nitropyrimidine | 3264-10-6 | C4H3N3O3 |
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2-羟基-5-甲基嘧啶 | 2-Hydroxy-5-methylpyrimidine | 41398-85-0 | C5H6N2O |
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2-羟基-5-氯嘧啶 | 5-chloropyrimidin-2-one | 54326-16-8 | C4H3ClN2O |
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2-羟基-5-氟嘧啶 | 5-fluoro-2-pyrimidinone | 2022-78-8 | C4H3FN2O |
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2-羟基-4-肼基嘧啶 | 4-hydrazinylpyrimidin-2(1H)-one | 3310-41-6 | C4H6N4O |
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2-羟基-4-甲基嘧啶 | 2-hydroxy-4-methylpyrimidine | 15231-48-8 | C5H6N2O |
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2-羟基-4-氨基嘧啶-5-羧酸 | 5-carboxycytosine | 3650-93-9 | C5H5N3O3 |
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2-羟基-4-氨基-5-羟甲基嘧啶 | 5-hydroxymethylcytosine | 1123-95-1 | C5H7N3O2 |
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2-羟基-4-氨基-5-氰基嘧啶 | 5-cyanocytosine | 16462-28-5 | C5H4N4O |
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2-羟基-4-三氟甲基嘧啶-5-羧酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethylpyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 154934-97-1 | C8H7F3N2O3 |
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2-羟基-4-三氟甲基嘧啶 | 4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyrimidinol | 104048-92-2 | C5H3F3N2O |
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2-羟基-4,6-二氨基嘧啶 | 4,6-diamino-2-hydroxypyrimidine | 31458-45-4 | C4H6N4O |
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2-羟基-1-(4-硝基苯基)-1-乙酮 | 2-hydroxy-1-(4-nitrophenyl)ethanone | 64611-67-2 | C8H7NO4 |
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2-碘嘧啶 | 2-iodopyrimidine | 31462-54-1 | C4H3IN2 |
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2-碘-5-甲基嘧啶 | 2-Iodo-5-methylpyrimidine | 154129-30-3 | C5H5IN2 |
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2-碘-4-甲氧基嘧啶 | 2-iodo-4-methoxypyrimidine | 262353-35-5 | C5H5IN2O |
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2-硫脲嘧啶-5-羧酸 | 5-carboxy-2-thiouracil | 23945-50-8 | C5H4N2O3S |
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2-硫脲嘧啶 | 2-thiouracil | 141-90-2 | C4H4N2OS |
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2-硫乙基-4-氨基-5-氰基嘧啶 | 4-amino-2-(ethylthio)pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile | 16462-29-6 | C7H8N4S |
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2-硝基-5-羟基嘧啶 | 2-Nitropyrimidin-5-ol | 345642-85-5 | C4H3N3O3 |
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2-甲酰基-5-甲氧基嘧啶 | 5-methoxypyrimidine-2-carbaldehyde | 220114-83-0 | C6H6N2O2 |
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2-甲磺酰基-5H-吡咯并[3,4-d]嘧啶-6(7H)-甲酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl 2-methanesulfonyl-5H,6H,7H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylate | 365996-87-8 | C12H17N3O4S |
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2-甲硫基嘧啶-5-羧酸甲酯 | methyl 2-methylthio-5-pyrimidinecarboxylate | 38275-41-1 | C7H8N2O2S |
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2-甲硫基嘧啶-5-硼酸 | 2-(methylthio)pyrimidine-5-boronic acid | 348098-29-3 | C5H7BN2O2S |
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2-甲硫基嘧啶-5-甲酸 | 2-(methylsulfanyl)-5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid | 110099-94-0 | C6H6N2O2S |
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2-甲硫基嘧啶 | 2-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidine | 823-09-6 | C5H6N2S |
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2-甲硫基-嘧啶-4-甲醛 | 4-formyl-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine | 1074-68-6 | C6H6N2OS |
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2-甲硫基-嘧啶-4-乙酸乙酯 | ethyl [2-(methylthio)pyrimidin-4-yl]acetate | 582309-12-4 | C9H12N2O2S |
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2-甲硫基-5-嘧啶羧酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-(methylthio)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 73781-88-1 | C8H10N2O2S |
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2-甲硫基-5-嘧啶甲醇 | (2-(methylthio)pyrimidin-5-yl)methanol | 19858-50-5 | C6H8N2OS |
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2-甲硫基-4-苯甲氨基嘧啶 | 4-benzylamino-2-methylthiopyrimidine | 91719-61-8 | C12H13N3S |
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2-甲硫基-4-羟基-5-氰基嘧啶 | 4-hydroxy-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile | 89487-99-0 | C6H5N3OS |
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2-甲硫基-4-溴嘧啶 | 4-bromo-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine | 959236-97-6 | C5H5BrN2S |
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2-甲硫基-4-氯嘧啶 | 4-Chloro-2-methylthiopyrimidine | 49844-90-8 | C5H5ClN2S |
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2-甲硫基-4-氯-5-溴嘧啶 | 5-bromo-4-chloro-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine | 63810-78-6 | C5H4BrClN2S |
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2-甲硫基-4-氯-5-氰基-6-对甲基苯基嘧啶 | 4-chloro-6-(4-methylphenyl)-2-methylthiopyrimidine-5-carbonitrile | 128640-74-4 | C13H10ClN3S |
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2-甲硫基-4-氨基嘧啶-5-甲醇 | (4-amino-2-(methylthio)pyrimidin-5-yl)methanol | 588-36-3 | C6H9N3OS |
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2-甲硫基-4-嘧啶酮 | 2-Methylthiouracil | 5751-20-2 | C5H6N2OS |
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2-甲硫基-4-嘧啶甲酸 | 2-methylsulfanylpyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid | 1126-44-9 | C6H6N2O2S |
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2-甲硫基-4,6-二甲基嘧啶 | 4,6-dimethyl-2-methylsulfanyl-pyrimidine | 14001-64-0 | C7H10N2S |
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2-甲硫基-4,6-二氯嘧啶-5-甲酸乙酯 | ethyl 4,6-dichloro-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 959070-42-9 | C8H8Cl2N2O2S |
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2-甲硫基-4,6-二氯-5-硝基嘧啶 | 4,6-dichloro-2-(methylthio)-5-nitropyrimidine | 1979-96-0 | C5H3Cl2N3O2S |
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2-甲硫基-4,5-嘧啶二甲酸二甲酯 | dimethyl 2-thiomethylpyrimidine-5,6-dicarboxylate | 132973-51-4 | C9H10N2O4S |
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2-甲硫基-4,5-嘧啶二甲酸二乙酯 | ethyl 4-(ethoxycarbonyl)-2-methylthiopyrimidine-5-caboxylate | 149771-08-4 | C11H14N2O4S |
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2-甲砜基嘧啶 | 2-(methylsulfonyl)pyrimidine | 14161-09-2 | C5H6N2O2S |
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2-甲砜基-5-溴-4-嘧啶甲酸 | 2-Methansulfonyl-5-brom-4-pyrimidincarbonsaeure | 30321-94-9 | C6H5BrN2O4S |
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