嘧啶类化合物
嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物，与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键，表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水，碱性较弱，并且不易发生亲电取代反应；仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应，而不具备硝化或磺化的能力，但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中，如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内，有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基：尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶；其中，在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶，而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶，并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外，许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料，嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物，例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时，它们也是农药的重要组成部分，包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外，作为染料的原料，具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性，已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1-叔丁氧羰基-(R)-2-甲基吡咯烷-2-羧酸 | (R)-1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-2-methylpyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid | 166170-15-6 | C11H19NO4 |
| 1-[3-硝基-5-(三氟甲基)苯基]乙酮 | 1-(3-nitro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethan-1-one | 39174-87-3 | C9H6F3NO3 |
| 1-[(2R,6S)-6-(羟基甲基)-4-(三苯基甲基)-2-吗啉基]-5-甲基-2,4(1H,3H)-嘧啶二酮 | 1-((2R,6S)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-tritylmorpholin-2-yl)-5-methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione | 914361-76-5 | C29H29N3O4 |
| 1-(顺-9-十八碳烯基)-2-乙酰基-sn-甘油2-乙酰基-1-油酰基-sn-甘油 | 1-Oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol | 86390-77-4 | C23H42O5 |
| 1-(嘧啶-5-基)乙醇 | 1-(5-pyrimidinyl)-1-ethanol | 79691-74-0 | C6H8N2O |
| 1-(嘧啶-5-基)乙胺 | 1-(pyrimidin-5-yl)ethan-1-amine | 179323-61-6 | C6H9N3 |
| 1-(嘧啶-2-基)环丙胺 | 1-(pyrimidin-2-yl)cyclopropan-1-amine | 1159878-06-4 | C7H9N3 |
| 1-(嘧啶-2-基)哌啶-3-醇 | 1-(pyrimidin-2-yl)piperidin-3-ol | 419556-92-6 | C9H13N3O |
| 1-(嘧啶-2-基)-1H-吲哚 | N-(2-pyrimidyl)indole | 221044-05-9 | C12H9N3 |
| 1-(咪唑并[1,2-A]嘧啶-3-基)乙酮 | 3-acetylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine | 453548-59-9 | C8H7N3O |
| 1-(乙氧基甲基)-6-(苯基甲基)-5-丙-2-基嘧啶-2,4-二酮 | Emivirine | 149950-60-7 | C17H22N2O3 |
| 1-(6-甲基-4-嘧啶)-乙酮 | methyl 4-(6-methylpyrimidinyl) ketone | 67073-96-5 | C7H8N2O |
| 1-(6-溴-2-吡啶)-1-乙醇 | 1-(6-bromopyridin-2-yl)ethanol | 139163-56-7 | C7H8BrNO |
| 1-(6-氯-4-嘧啶基)-4-哌啶醇 | 1-(6-Chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-4-piperidinol | 914347-85-6 | C9H12ClN3O |
| 1-(6-氯-4-嘧啶基)-4-哌啶羧酸甲酯 | methyl 1-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)piperidine-4-carboxylate | 914347-88-9 | C11H14ClN3O2 |
| 1-(6-氯-3-嘧啶)-N,N-二甲基甲胺 | [(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl]dimethylamine | 221146-31-2 | C8H11ClN2 |
| 1-(5-羟基-2-嘧啶)哌嗪 | 2-(piperazin-1-yl)pyrimidin-5-ol | 55745-85-2 | C8H12N4O |
| 1-(5-溴嘧啶-2-基)氮杂烷 | 1-(5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl)azepane | 1015241-96-9 | C10H14BrN3 |
| 1-(5-溴嘧啶-2-基)乙酮 | 1-(5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl)ethanone | 1189169-37-6 | C6H5BrN2O |
| 1-(5-溴嘧啶-2-基)-3-羟基哌啶 | 1-(5-Bromopyrimidin-2-yl)-3-piperidinol | 914347-67-4 | C9H12BrN3O |
| 1-(5-溴-4-氯-2-噻吩基)乙酮 | 1-(5-bromo-4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)ethanone | 123418-66-6 | C6H4BrClOS |
| 1-(5-溴-2-嘧啶)-4-哌啶酮 | 1-(5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl)piperidin-4-one | 914347-64-1 | C9H10BrN3O |
| 1-(4-甲氧基苯基)丙-2-醇 | 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-ol | 30314-64-8 | C10H14O2 |
| 1-(4-甲氧基苯基)-2,4(1H,3H)-嘧啶二酮 | 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione | 22455-93-2 | C11H10N2O3 |
| 1-(4-氯嘧啶-2-基)哌啶-4-胺 | 1-(4-Chloropyrimidin-2-yl)piperidin-4-amine | 596818-00-7 | C9H13ClN4 |
| 1-(4-氯-2-嘧啶基)-4-哌啶醇 | 1-(4-Chloropyrimidin-2-yl)-4-piperidinol | 916791-08-7 | C9H12ClN3O |
| 1-(4-氯-2-嘧啶基)-3-哌啶醇 | 1-(4-Chloropyrimidin-2-yl)piperidin-3-ol | 916791-09-8 | C9H12ClN3O |
| 1-(4-氯-2-嘧啶基)-3-哌啶甲醇 | [1-(4-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)piperidin-3-yl]methanol | 916791-10-1 | C10H14ClN3O |
| 1-(4-氟-苯基)-2-甲基-2-丙醇 | 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methylpropan-2-ol | 2928-17-8 | C10H13FO |
| 1-(4-叔丁苯基)-2-嘧啶-4-基乙醇 | 1-(4-Tert-butylphenyl)-2-(pyrimidin-4-yl)ethanol | 849021-31-4 | C16H20N2O |
| 1-(4-叔丁苯基)-2-嘧啶-4-基乙酮 | 1-(4-Tert-butylphenyl)-2-pyrimidin-4-ylethanone | 849021-29-0 | C16H18N2O |
| 1-(4-三氟甲基嘧啶-2-基)哌嗪 | 2-(piperazin-1-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine | 179756-91-3 | C9H11F3N4 |
| 1-(4-三氟甲基-嘧啶-2-基)-哌啶-4-醇 | 1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)piperidin-4-ol | 401930-07-2 | C10H12F3N3O |
| 1-(4-三氟甲基)嘧啶-2-基哌啶-4-羰酰氯 | 1-(4-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-piperidine-4-carbonyl chloride | 306934-79-2 | C11H11ClF3N3O |
| 1-(3-羟基丙基)-1H-咪唑 | 3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)propan-1-ol | 51390-23-9 | C6H10N2O |
| 1-(3-(苄氧基)苯基)-3-(二甲基氨基)-2-甲基-1-丙酮 | 1-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropan-1-one | 41489-62-7 | C19H23NO2 |
| 1-(2-羟基乙氧基)甲基-5-甲基尿嘧啶 | 1-<(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl>thymine | 68724-11-8 | C8H12N2O4 |
| 1-(2-羟乙基)嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-酮 | 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)uracil | 936-70-9 | C6H8N2O3 |
| 1-(2-羟乙基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲醛 | 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde | 1082065-98-2 | C6H8N2O2 |
| 1-(2-甲硫基嘧啶-4-)乙酮 | 1-(2-(methylthio)pyrimidin-4-yl)ethanone | 496863-48-0 | C7H8N2OS |
| 1-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)乙胺 | 1-(2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)ethanamine | 1071435-99-8 | C7H11N3 |
| 1-(2-甲基-4-嘧啶)-乙酮 | 4-acetyl-2-methylpyrimidine | 67860-38-2 | C7H8N2O |
| 1-(2-氯苄基)六氢嘧啶 | 1-(2-Chlorobenzyl)hexahydropyrimidine | 898808-61-2 | C11H15ClN2 |
| 1-(2-氯嘧啶-5-基)甲胺 | (2-chloropyrimidin-5-yl)methanamine | 933685-83-7 | C5H6ClN3 |
| 1-(2-氯嘧啶-5-基)乙酮 | 1-(2-chloropyrimidin-5-yl)ethanone | 110100-00-0 | C6H5ClN2O |
| 1-(2-氯嘧啶-4-基)乙酮 | 1-(2-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)ethan-1-one | 1312535-78-6 | C6H5ClN2O |
| 1-(2-氯-5-甲基嘧啶-4-基)乙酮 | 1-(2-Chloro-5-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)ethanone | 1416351-95-5 | C7H7ClN2O |
| 1-(2-氨基-5-嘧啶)-乙酮 | 1-(2-amino-pyrimidin-5-yl)-ethanone | 124491-42-5 | C6H7N3O |
| 1-(2-氨基-4-嘧啶)乙酮 | 4-Acetyl-2-aminopyrimidine | 106157-82-8 | C6H7N3O |
| 1-(2-嘧啶基)哌啶-4-胺 | tert-butyl (1-(pyrimidin-2-yl)piperidin-4-yl)carbamate | 412355-81-8 | C9H14N4 |
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