嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物,与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键,表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水,碱性较弱,并且不易发生亲电取代反应;仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应,而不具备硝化或磺化的能力,但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中,如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内,有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基:尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶;其中,在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶,而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶,并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外,许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料,嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物,例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时,它们也是农药的重要组成部分,包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外,作为染料的原料,具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性,已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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(5-氟-嘧啶-2-基)-乙酸 | (5-Fluoropyrimidin-2-yl)acetic acid | 1196145-38-6 | C6H5FN2O2 |
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(4-羟基-2-疏基嘧啶-5-基)乙酸乙酯 | 2-Thiouracil-5-essigsaeure-aethylester | 29571-39-9 | C8H10N2O3S |
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(4-甲基嘧啶-2-基)甲胺 | (4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)methanamine | 933682-85-0 | C6H9N3 |
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(4-甲基-2-苯基-5-嘧啶基)甲醇 | (4-methyl-2-phenyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methanol | 342405-27-0 | C12H12N2O |
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(4-甲基-2-嘧啶基)甲醇 | (4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)methanol | 142650-13-3 | C6H8N2O |
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(4-氯-6-甲基嘧啶-2-基)二甲基胺 | (4-chloro-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-dimethylamine | 5734-62-3 | C7H10ClN3 |
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(4-氯-5-甲基-嘧啶-2-基)异丙基胺 | (4-Chloro-5-methyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-isopropyl-amine | 1289388-02-8 | C8H12ClN3 |
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(4-氯-2-甲基磺酰基-嘧啶-5-基)-甲醇 | (4-chloro-2-(methylthio)pyrimidin-5-yl)methanol | 1044145-59-6 | C6H7ClN2OS |
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(4-氧代-6,7-二氢-4H,5H-环戊二烯并[4,5]噻吩并[2,3-D]嘧啶-3-基)-乙酸 | 2-(4-Oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3H-cyclopenta[4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)acetic acid | 371206-03-0 | C11H10N2O3S |
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(4-嘧啶-5-苯基)甲醇 | 4-pyrimidin-5-yl-phenyl-methanol | 198084-13-8 | C11H10N2O |
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(4-嘧啶-2-苯基)甲醇 | (4-(pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)methanol | 100806-78-8 | C11H10N2O |
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(4-[3-(二甲基氨基)丙氧基]苯基)甲醇 | [4-[3-(dimethylamino)propoxy]phenyl]methanol | 426831-08-5 | C12H19NO2 |
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(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)肼 | 2-Hydrazino-4,6-dimethoxy-pyrimidin | 13223-30-8 | C6H10N4O2 |
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(3嘧啶-2吡啶)甲醇 | (3-(pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)methanol | 892502-12-4 | C11H10N2O |
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(3-羟基甲基吡啶-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯 | 2-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino-3-hydrohymethyl pyridine | 877593-11-8 | C11H16N2O3 |
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(3-氯二苯-4-基)胺.HCL | 3'-chloro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-amine | 5748-36-7 | C12H10ClN |
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(3-氨基-4-氯苯基)甲醇 | (3-amino-4-chlorophenyl)methanol | 104317-94-4 | C7H8ClNO |
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(3-嘧啶-5-苯基)甲醇 | (3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)methanol | 852180-75-7 | C11H10N2O |
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(3-(5-溴嘧啶-2-基)苯基)甲醇 | (3-(5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl)methanol | 1092568-90-5 | C11H9BrN2O |
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(2Z,6E)-3,7,11-三甲基十二碳-2,6,10-三烯-1-醇 | (2Z,6E)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trien-1-ol | 3790-71-4 | C15H26O |
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(2S)-(1-四氢嘧啶-2-酮)-3-甲基丁酸 | (S)-tetrahydro-α-(1-methylethyl)-2-oxo-1(2H)-pyrimidineacetic acid | 192725-50-1 | C9H16N2O3 |
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(2E)-3-(2-氨基嘧啶-5-基)丙烯酸 | (E)-3-(2-aminopyrimidin-5-yl)acrylic acid | 335030-80-3 | C7H7N3O2 |
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(2-甲基嘧啶-4-基)甲胺 | (2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)methanamine | 22454-79-1 | C6H9N3 |
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(2-氯嘧啶-5-基)甲醇 | (2-chloropyrimidin-5-yl)methanol | 1046816-75-4 | C5H5ClN2O |
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(2-氯嘧啶-4-基)甲醇 | (2-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)methanol | 34953-87-2 | C5H5ClN2O |
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(2-氯-嘧啶-4-甲基)-环丙胺 | N-((2-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)methyl)cyclopropanamine | 1289386-31-7 | C8H10ClN3 |
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(2-氨基-4,6-二甲基-5-嘧啶基)乙酸 | (2-Amino-4,6-dimethyl-5-pyrimidinyl)acetic acid | 933687-60-6 | C8H11N3O2 |
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(2-氨基-3-甲基-3H-咪唑-4-基)-甲醇 | (2-amino-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methanol | 885281-27-6 | C5H9N3O |
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(2,6-二氯-嘧啶-4-基)-二甲胺 | 4-dimethylamino-2,6-dichloropyrimidine | 117077-93-7 | C6H7Cl2N3 |
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(2,6-二氯-4-嘧啶)-苯胺 | 2,4-dichloro-6-(phenylamino)pyrimidine | 28230-47-9 | C10H7Cl2N3 |
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(2,4,6-三氯-嘧啶-5-基)-乙酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-(2,4,6-trichloropyrimidin-5-yl)acetate | 889944-72-3 | C8H7Cl3N2O2 |
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(1R,2R)-反式-N-Boc-1,2-环戊烷二胺 | tert-butyl ((1R,2R)-2-aminocyclopentyl)carbamate | 1016971-66-6 | C10H20N2O2 |
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(11bR)-2-(环己基羰基)-1,2,3,6,7,11B-六氢-4H-吡嗪并[2,1-a]异喹啉-4-酮 | (R)-praziquantel | 57452-98-9 | C19H24N2O2 |
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—— | 2-(5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl)propan-2-ol | 1193244-89-1 | C7H9BrN2O |
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—— | 4,6-Diamino-2-methylpyrimidine-5-thiol | 52514-03-1 | C5H8N4S |
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—— | 5-Bromo-2-butoxypyrimidine | 1215206-57-7 | C8H11BrN2O |
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—— | 6-[(2-Methoxyethoxy)amino]-5-methylpyrimidin-2(1H)-one | 244105-55-3 | C8H13N3O3 |
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—— | 4-(pyrimidin-4-yl)benzaldehyde | 210115-39-2 | C11H8N2O |
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—— | 2',7'-difluorofluorescein-5-carboxylic acid | 195136-52-8 | C21H10F2O7 |
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—— | 5,6-diamino-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione;sulfate | 42965-55-9 | C4H6N4O6S-2 |
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—— | 5,6-Diaminouracil semisulfate | 63981-35-1 | C8H14N8O8S |
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—— | Pyrimidin-4(5h)-one | 51953-17-4 | C4H4N2O |
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—— | 5-Diazo-uracil | 2435-76-9 | C4H2N4O2 |
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—— | (5-bromo-pyrimidin-2-yl)-tert-butyl-amine | 14001-72-0 | C8H12BrN3 |
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—— | Sodium N-(2,6-dimethyl-4-pyrimidinyl)sulphanilamidate | 2462-17-1 | C12H14N4NaO2S+ |
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—— | 4-(4-methyl-2-pyrimidinyl)benzaldehyde | 433920-95-7 | C12H10N2O |
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—— | 4-chloro-2-(chloromethyl)pyrimidine | 3842-28-2 | C5H4Cl2N2 |
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—— | 4-hydroxy-5-chloro-6-(1-fluoroethyl)pyrimidine | 227184-12-5 | C6H6ClFN2O |
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—— | 6-(1-fluoroethyl)-5-iodo-4-pyrimidone | 438449-92-4 | C6H6FIN2O |
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—— | 5-chloro-2-cyclopropyl-1,6-dihydro-6-oxo-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid | 858956-26-0 | C8H7ClN2O3 |
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