嘧啶类化合物
嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物，与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键，表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水，碱性较弱，并且不易发生亲电取代反应；仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应，而不具备硝化或磺化的能力，但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中，如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内，有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基：尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶；其中，在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶，而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶，并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外，许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料，嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物，例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时，它们也是农药的重要组成部分，包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外，作为染料的原料，具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性，已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5,5'-二甲基-2,2'-联嘧啶 | 5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyrimidine | 935267-14-4 | C10H10N4 |
|
| 5,2'-二氯-2,3'-二嘧啶 | 2',5-Dichloro-2,3'-bipyridine | 942206-20-4 | C10H6Cl2N2 |
|
| 4H-吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-酮 | 4H-Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-one | 29274-23-5 | C6H5N3O |
|
| 4.5-二甲基嘧啶-2-甲腈 | 4,5-Dimethylpyrimidine-2-carbonitrile | 114969-77-6 | C7H7N3 |
|
| 4-（N，N-二甲基氨基）-2-氯嘧啶 | 2-chloro-N,N-dimethylpyrimidin-4-amine | 31058-81-8 | C6H8ClN3 |
|
| 4-苯氧基-6-氯嘧啶 | 4-chloro-6-phenoxypyrimidine | 124041-00-5 | C10H7ClN2O |
|
| 4-苯基嘧啶-2-胺 | 4-phenylpyrimidin-2-amine | 2305-87-5 | C10H9N3 |
|
| 4-苯基嘧啶 | 4-phenylpyrimidine | 3438-48-0 | C10H8N2 |
|
| 4-苯基-2-羟基嘧啶 | 4-phenylpyrimidin-2(1H)-one | 38675-31-9 | C10H8N2O |
|
| 4-苯基-2-甲硫基嘧啶 | 2-(methylsulfanyl)-4-phenylpyrimidine | 56734-10-2 | C11H10N2S |
|
| 4-苯基-2-氯嘧啶 | 2-chloro-4-phenylpyrimidine | 13036-50-5 | C10H7ClN2 |
|
| 4-苯基-2-巯基嘧啶 | 4-phenyl-pyrimidine-2-thiol | 60414-59-7 | C10H8N2S |
|
| 4-苯基-2-嘧啶乙胺 | 2-(4-phenylpyrimidin-2-yl)ethan-1-amine | 886367-92-6 | C12H13N3 |
|
| 4-苯基-2-(三氟甲基)嘧啶 | 6-phenyl-2-trifluoromethylpyrimidine | 1261456-29-4 | C11H7F3N2 |
|
| 4-苯基 嘧啶-5-羧酸乙酯 | ethyl 4-phenylpyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 100724-16-1 | C13H12N2O2 |
|
| 4-苄氧甲基-6-氯嘧啶 | 4-(benzyloxymethyl)-6-chloropyrimidine | 914802-11-2 | C12H11ClN2O |
|
| 4-苄氧基-6-氯嘧啶 | 4-(benzyloxy)-6-chloropyrimidine | 405930-65-6 | C11H9ClN2O |
|
| 4-苄氧基-2-氯嘧啶-5-硼酸频哪酯 | 4-(Benzyloxy)-2-chloro-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyrimidine | 1073354-22-9 | C17H20BClN2O3 |
|
| 4-苄氧基-2-氯嘧啶 | 4-(benzyloxy)-2-chloropyrimidine | 108381-28-8 | C11H9ClN2O |
|
| 4-苄氧基-2-氯-5-羟基嘧啶 | 4-(Benzyloxy)-2-chloropyrimidin-5-ol | 885952-28-3 | C11H9ClN2O2 |
|
| 4-苄基-2,6-二氯嘧啶 | 4-benzyl-2,6-dichloropyrimidine | 796095-89-1 | C11H8Cl2N2 |
|
| 4-肼基-6-羟基嘧啶 | 6-hydrazinopyrimidin-4-ol | 29939-37-5 | C4H6N4O |
|
| 4-肼基-5-甲基噻吩基嘧啶 | 5-Methyl-4-hydrazino-thieno<2,3-d>pyrimidin | 19786-56-2 | C7H8N4S |
|
| 4-肼-2,6-二甲基嘧啶 | 4-hydrazinyl-2,6-dimethylpyrimidine | 14331-56-7 | C6H10N4 |
|
| 4-羟甲基嘧啶 | pyrimidin-4-ylmethanol | 33581-98-5 | C5H6N2O |
|
| 4-羟基吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶 | 7-deazahypoxanthine | 3680-71-5 | C6H5N3O |
|
| 4-羟基-6-甲氧基甲基-2-甲基硫代嘧啶 | 6-[(methyloxy)methyl]-2-(methylthio)-4(1H)-pyrimidinone | 68087-13-8 | C7H10N2O2S |
|
| 4-羟基-6-甲基嘧啶 | 6-methyl-3H-pyrimidin-4-one | 3524-87-6 | C5H6N2O |
|
| 4-羟基-6-巯基吡唑(3,4-D)嘧啶 | 6-thioxo-1,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo<3,4-d>pyrimidin-4-one | 24521-76-4 | C5H4N4OS |
|
| 4-羟基-6-三氟甲基嘧啶 | 6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-ol | 1546-78-7 | C5H3F3N2O |
|
| 4-羟基-5-碘嘧啶 | 5-iodopyrimidin-4(3H)-one | 4349-07-9 | C4H3IN2O |
|
| 4-羟基-5-甲氧基嘧啶 | 5-methoxy-4(3H)-pyrimidinone | 695-87-4 | C5H6N2O2 |
|
| 4-羟基-5-氰基嘧啶 | 3,4-Dihydro-4-oxopyrimidin-5-carbonitril | 4774-34-9 | C5H3N3O |
|
| 4-羟基-5-嘧啶甲酸甲酯 | 6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid methyl ester | 4774-35-0 | C6H6N2O3 |
|
| 4-羟基-5-嘧啶甲酸乙酯 | ethyl 3,4-dihydro-4-oxopyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 4786-52-1 | C7H8N2O3 |
|
| 4-羟基-5-嘧啶乙酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-(6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidin-5-yl)acetate | 6214-46-6 | C8H10N2O3 |
|
| 4-羟基-2-苯基嘧啶-5-羧酸 | 1,6-dihydro-6-oxo-2-phenylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid | 56406-26-9 | C11H8N2O3 |
|
| 4-羟基-2-苯基嘧啶-5-甲酸乙酯 | ethyl 6-oxo-2-phenyl-1,6-dihydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 55613-22-4 | C13H12N2O3 |
|
| 4-羟基-2-苯基嘧啶 | 2-phenyl-4-hydroxypyrimidine | 33643-94-6 | C10H8N2O |
|
| 4-羟基-2-硝基嘧啶 | 2-Nitro-4-hydroxy-pyridin | 101654-28-8 | C5H4N2O3 |
|
| 4-羟基-2-甲基噻吩[2,3-D]嘧啶 | 2-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ol | 21582-51-4 | C7H6N2OS |
|
| 4-羟基-2-巯基-5-甲基嘧啶 | 5-methyl-2-thiouracil | 636-26-0 | C5H6N2OS |
|
| 4-羟基-2-三氟甲基嘧啶 | 2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-ol | 1546-80-1 | C5H3F3N2O |
|
| 4-羟基-2-(甲硫基)嘧啶-5-羧酸 | 4-hydroxy-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid | 397308-78-0 | C6H6N2O3S |
|
| 4-羟基-2-(三氟甲基)嘧啶-5-甲酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-(trifluoromethyl)-1,6-dihydro-6-oxopyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 343-67-9 | C8H7F3N2O3 |
|
| 4-羟基-2,6-二甲基-5-嘧啶乙酸 | (2,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-pyrimidin-5-yl)-acetic acid | 5536-40-3 | C8H10N2O3 |
|
| 4-羟基-1-苯基吡唑并[3,4-D]嘧啶 | 1-phenyl-1,5-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-one | 21314-17-0 | C11H8N4O |
|
| 4-碘苯乙醇 | 4-iodophenethyl alcohol | 52914-23-5 | C8H9IO |
|
| 4-碘-6-甲氧基嘧啶 | 4-iodo-6-methoxypyrimidine | 161489-05-0 | C5H5IN2O |
|
| 4-碘-5-嘧啶胺 | 5-amino-4-iodopyrimidine | 942067-98-3 | C4H4IN3 |
|
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