嘧啶类化合物
嘧啶类化合物是一类分子结构中含有两个氮原子的六元杂环化合物，与哒嗪和吡嗪互为同分异构体。由于其分子中存在共轭双键，表现出独特的紫外光谱特性。这类化合物易溶于水，碱性较弱，并且不易发生亲电取代反应；仅在5-位可以进行溴化反应，而不具备硝化或磺化的能力，但容易经历亲核取代反应。
嘧啶及其衍生物广泛存在于自然界中，如磺胺嘧啶、巴比妥酸以及维生素B1等。在核酸分子内，有三种重要的嘧啶类碱基：尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶；其中，在DNA中主要包含胞嘧啶与胸腺嘧啶，而在RNA中则主要含有胞嘧啶及尿嘧啶，并且在某些特定的核酸中还可能发现少量的嘧啶修饰碱基。此外，许多药物分子如磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄氨嘧啶和6-巯基嘌呤等都含有嘧啶环。
作为重要的医药原料，嘧啶及其衍生物被用于生产多种药物，例如维生素B1、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺异二甲嘧啶及磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶等。同时，它们也是农药的重要组成部分，包括二嗪农、嘧啶醇、灭瘟素、除草定、喃啶草、鼠立死、环菌灵、甲菌定、乙菌定、磺嘧菌灵、比嗪农、抗蚜威、乙基虫螨磷、虫螨磷、多氧霉素等。此外，作为染料的原料，具有三卤化嘧啶核结构的化合物因其与纤维之间的良好反应性，已成为一种备受关注的反应染料。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1-(4-三氟甲基嘧啶-2-基)哌嗪 | 2-(piperazin-1-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine | 179756-91-3 | C9H11F3N4 |
|
| 1-(4-三氟甲基-嘧啶-2-基)-哌啶-4-醇 | 1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)piperidin-4-ol | 401930-07-2 | C10H12F3N3O |
|
| 1-(4-三氟甲基)嘧啶-2-基哌啶-4-羰酰氯 | 1-(4-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-piperidine-4-carbonyl chloride | 306934-79-2 | C11H11ClF3N3O |
|
| 1-(3-羟基丙基)-1H-咪唑 | 3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)propan-1-ol | 51390-23-9 | C6H10N2O |
|
| 1-(3-(苄氧基)苯基)-3-(二甲基氨基)-2-甲基-1-丙酮 | 1-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropan-1-one | 41489-62-7 | C19H23NO2 |
|
| 1-(2-羟基乙氧基)甲基-5-甲基尿嘧啶 | 1-<(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl>thymine | 68724-11-8 | C8H12N2O4 |
|
| 1-(2-羟乙基)嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-酮 | 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)uracil | 936-70-9 | C6H8N2O3 |
|
| 1-(2-羟乙基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲醛 | 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde | 1082065-98-2 | C6H8N2O2 |
|
| 1-(2-甲硫基嘧啶-4-)乙酮 | 1-(2-(methylthio)pyrimidin-4-yl)ethanone | 496863-48-0 | C7H8N2OS |
|
| 1-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)乙胺 | 1-(2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)ethanamine | 1071435-99-8 | C7H11N3 |
|
| 1-(2-甲基-4-嘧啶)-乙酮 | 4-acetyl-2-methylpyrimidine | 67860-38-2 | C7H8N2O |
|
| 1-(2-氯苄基)六氢嘧啶 | 1-(2-Chlorobenzyl)hexahydropyrimidine | 898808-61-2 | C11H15ClN2 |
|
| 1-(2-氯嘧啶-5-基)甲胺 | (2-chloropyrimidin-5-yl)methanamine | 933685-83-7 | C5H6ClN3 |
|
| 1-(2-氯嘧啶-5-基)乙酮 | 1-(2-chloropyrimidin-5-yl)ethanone | 110100-00-0 | C6H5ClN2O |
|
| 1-(2-氯嘧啶-4-基)乙酮 | 1-(2-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)ethan-1-one | 1312535-78-6 | C6H5ClN2O |
|
| 1-(2-氯-5-甲基嘧啶-4-基)乙酮 | 1-(2-Chloro-5-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)ethanone | 1416351-95-5 | C7H7ClN2O |
|
| 1-(2-氨基-5-嘧啶)-乙酮 | 1-(2-amino-pyrimidin-5-yl)-ethanone | 124491-42-5 | C6H7N3O |
|
| 1-(2-氨基-4-嘧啶)乙酮 | 4-Acetyl-2-aminopyrimidine | 106157-82-8 | C6H7N3O |
|
| 1-(2-嘧啶基)哌啶-4-胺 | tert-butyl (1-(pyrimidin-2-yl)piperidin-4-yl)carbamate | 412355-81-8 | C9H14N4 |
|
| 1-(2-嘧啶基)哌啶-4-甲酸乙酯 | 1-pyrimidin-2-ylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester | 111247-60-0 | C12H17N3O2 |
|
| 1-(2-嘧啶)哌啶-4-甲醇 | (1-(pyrimidin-2-yl)piperidin-4-yl)methanol | 111247-61-1 | C10H15N3O |
|
| 1-(2,4,6-三甲基苯)-1,3-丁烷二酮 | mesitoylacetone | 6450-57-3 | C13H16O2 |
|
| 1,7-二氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl 1,7-diazaspiro[3.5]nonane-1-carboxylate | 1216936-29-6 | C12H22N2O2 |
|
| 1,6-二氢-5-羟基-1-甲基-2-[1-甲基-1-[(苄氧基羰基)氨基]乙基]-6-氧代-4-嘧啶甲酸甲酯 | methyl 2-(2-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)propan-2-yl)-5-hydroxy-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidine-4-carboxylate | 888504-27-6 | C18H21N3O6 |
|
| 1,6-二氢-2-甲基-6-氧代-5-嘧啶甲腈 | 2-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile | 27058-54-4 | C6H5N3O |
|
| 1,5-己二醇 | hexane-1,5-diol | 928-40-5 | C6H14O2 |
|
| 1,5-双(5-硝基-2-呋喃基)-1,4-戊二烯-3-氨基腙盐酸盐 | umckalin | 43053-62-9 | C11H10O5 |
|
| 1,5-二氢-4H-吡咯并[3,2-D]嘧啶-4-酮 | 9-deazahypoxanthine | 5655-01-6 | C6H5N3O |
|
| 1,5,6,7-四氢环戊并[d]嘧啶-4-酮 | 6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidin-4-ol | 5661-01-8 | C7H8N2O |
|
| 1,4-二氢噻吩并[3,2-D]嘧啶-4-酮 | 3H-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-one | 16234-10-9 | C6H4N2OS |
|
| 1,4-二氢-2-甲巯基-4-氧代-5-嘧啶甲酸乙酯 | ethyl 4-hydroxy-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 53554-29-3 | C8H10N2O3S |
|
| 1,4,5,6-四氢-2-嘧啶羧酸 | 1,4,5,6-Tetrahydropyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid | 129578-99-0 | C5H8N2O2 |
|
| 1,3-双(2-羟基乙基)尿嘧啶 | 1,3-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-uracil | 711-66-0 | C8H12N2O4 |
|
| 1,3-二甲基脲嘧啶 | 1,3-dimethyluracil | 874-14-6 | C6H8N2O2 |
|
| 1,3-二甲基胸腺嘧啶 | 1,3-dimethylthymine | 4401-71-2 | C7H10N2O2 |
|
| 1,3-二甲基尿嘧啶-5-甲醛 | 1,3-dimethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-pyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde | 4869-46-9 | C7H8N2O3 |
|
| 1,3-二甲基-6-氨基脲嘧啶 | 6-Amino-1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid | 6642-31-5 | C6H9N3O2 |
|
| 1,3-二甲基-6-(2-羟乙基)氨基脲嘧啶 | 6-(2-hydroxyethylamino)-1,3-dimethylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dion | 5770-44-5 | C8H13N3O3 |
|
| 1,3-二甲基-5-硝基尿嘧啶水合物 | 1,3-dimethyl-5-nitrouracil | 41613-26-7 | C6H7N3O4 |
|
| 1,3-二甲基-5-氟尿嘧啶 | 1,3-dimethyl-5-fluorouracil | 3013-92-1 | C6H7FN2O2 |
|
| 1,3-二甲基-2,4-二氧代-1,2,3,4-四氢嘧啶-5-甲酸 | 1,3-dimethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid | 4869-45-8 | C7H8N2O4 |
|
| 1,3-二氧代异吲哚啉-2-氨基甲酸叔丁酯 | N-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)phthalimide | 34387-89-8 | C13H14N2O4 |
|
| 1,3-二氢噻吩[3,2-D]嘧啶-2,4-二酮 | 1H-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-2,4-dione | 16233-51-5 | C6H4N2O2S |
|
| 1,3-二乙基胸腺嘧啶 | 1,3-diethylthymine | 21472-93-5 | C9H14N2O2 |
|
| 1,3-二乙基-5-亚硝基-6-氨基脲嘧啶 | 6-amino-1,3-diethyl-5-nitroso-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione | 89073-60-9 | C8H12N4O3 |
|
| 1,3-二乙基-5,6-二氨基尿嘧啶 | 5,6-diamino-1,3-diethyluracil | 52998-22-8 | C8H14N4O2 |
|
| 1,3-二丙基-6-氨基脲嘧啶 | 6-amino-1,3-dipropyluracil | 41862-14-0 | C10H17N3O2 |
|
| 1,3,6-三甲基-5-溴尿嘧啶 | 5-bromo-1,3,6-trimethyluracil | 15018-59-4 | C7H9BrN2O2 |
|
| 1,3,5-三嗪-2,4,6-三胺,N,N'''-1,2-乙二基二[N-[3-[[4,6-二[丁基(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)氨基]-1,3,5-三嗪-2-基]氨基]丙基]-N,N''-二丁基-N,N''-二(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)- | 2-aminopyrimidine | 109-12-6 | C4H5N3 |
|
| 1,3,4-三甲基尿嘧啶 | 1,3,6-trimethyluracil | 13509-52-9 | C7H10N2O2 |
|
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