环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团(即C-O-C三元环)的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3,其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中,并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O,它具有高度反应性,能够参与多种类型的反应,例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质,环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体,也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域环氧化物的合成方法多样,包括但不限于:
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | 4-(but-3-yn-1-yl)-1-oxaspiro[2.5]octane | 308281-40-5 | C11H16O |
| —— | barekoxide | 145458-09-9 | C20H34O |
| —— | (1R,2S,4S,7R)-5-fluoro-3,8-dioxa-tricyclo[5.1.0.0<sup>2,4</sup>]oct-5-ene | 900791-88-0 | C6H5FO2 |
| —— | (1S,2S,4S,7S)-1-methyl-3,8-dioxa-tricyclo[5.1.0.0<sup>2,4</sup>]oct-5-ene | 900791-99-3 | C7H8O2 |
| —— | (2S,3R)-2-Chloromethyl-3-((Z)-nonadec-10-enyl)-oxirane | 439140-28-0 | C22H41ClO |
| —— | 2,3-Oxiranedicarboxylic acid, disodium salt | 36169-25-2 | C4H2Na2O5 |
| —— | (S)-2-(2-methyloxiran-2-yl)ethanol | 263763-72-0 | C5H10O2 |
| —— | <1S,2R,5R,6S,14R>-1,2,6-trimethyl-9-methylene-6-oxiranylbicyclo<3.3.1>nonane | 234078-09-2 | C15H24O |
| —— | threo-3-chloro-1,2-epoxypropane | 52066-41-8 | C4H7ClO |
| —— | 1-cyclopentyl-1-methoxy-oxirane | 5623-75-6 | C8H14O2 |
| —— | 2,5,8,11,14,17-hexaoxaspiro<2.15>octadecane | 122948-34-9 | C12H22O6 |
| —— | trans-3-ethyl-3-phenyloxiranecarboxylic acid ethyl ester | 60860-46-0 | C13H16O3 |
| —— | methyl (2R,3R)-3-[(6R)-2,2,4,4-tetra(propan-2-yl)-1,3,5,2,4-trioxadisilepan-6-yl]oxirane-2-carboxylate | 211299-93-3 | C18H36O6Si2 |
| —— | 2-Chloro-3,3-bis-trifluoromethyl-oxirane-2-carbonyl fluoride | 130760-24-6 | C5ClF7O2 |
| —— | 9-oxa-dispiro[3.0.3.1]nonane | 37677-06-8 | C8H12O |
| —— | (2S,3S,6S)-2,3-epoxy-2,6,8-trimethylnonan-1-ol | 153828-18-3 | C12H24O2 |
| —— | (E)-2,3-diethyl-2-methyloxirane | 14102-57-9 | C7H14O |
| —— | 2,3-epoxy-3-methyl-5-phenyl-valeric acid ethyl ester | 92864-70-5 | C14H18O3 |
| —— | {(2R,3R)-3-[5-(2-Methoxy-ethoxymethoxy)-pent-3-ynyl]-oxiranyl}-methanol | 157021-21-1 | C12H20O5 |
| —— | 1-chloro-3,4-epoxy-(1E)-butene | 127488-94-2 | C4H5ClO |
| —— | (2R,3S)-2-Heptyl-3-(2-propynyl)oxirane | 664981-02-6 | C12H20O |
| —— | (6S,7R)-6,7-epoxytetradeca-1,3-diyne | 187266-19-9 | C14H20O |
| —— | Glycidyloxypropyltrimethylsilane | 107814-75-5 | C9H20O2Si |
| —— | (2S,3R)-2,3-dimethyloxirane-2-carbaldehyde | 358750-37-5 | C5H8O2 |
| —— | 2-(Decylsulfanylmethyl)oxirane | 93248-13-6 | C13H26OS |
| —— | 2-(1,2-Epoxycyclododecyl)propen | 134670-89-6 | C15H26O |
| —— | 2,2-dicyclohexyl-oxirane | 408525-42-8 | C14H24O |
| —— | trans-α,β-epoxyhexanoic acid | —— | C6H10O3 |
| —— | diethyl cis-2,3-epoxysuccinate | 1035202-66-4 | C8H12O5 |
| —— | (R)-2-(4-bromobutyl)-2-methyloxirane | 121416-55-5 | C7H13BrO |
| —— | (7R,8S)-7,8epoxy-2-methyloctadecane-4-yne | 1356192-77-2 | C19H34O |
| —— | meso-11,12-epoxydocosane | 61759-34-0 | C22H44O |
| —— | 3-(5-methoxy-3-methyl-pentyl)-2,2-dimethyl-oxirane | 38595-13-0 | C11H22O2 |
| —— | glycidyl ether of cyclohexane-1,4-dimethanol | 46354-03-4 | C11H20O3 |
| —— | tert-butyl allene oxide | 51211-86-0 | C7H12O |
| —— | (S)-2-propyloxiranemethanol | 106948-06-5 | C6H12O2 |
| —— | [(2R)-2-propan-2-yloxiran-2-yl]methanol | 92735-38-1 | C6H12O2 |
| —— | 2-chloromethyl-2-isopropyloxirane | 1026206-49-4 | C6H11ClO |
| —— | (R)-5-((2R,3R)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methyloxiran-2-yl)-3-methylpentanenitrile | 1394044-98-4 | C10H17NO2 |
| —— | (+/-)trans-3-phenyloxirane carboxylic acid sodium salt | 25957-39-5 | C9H7O3*Na |
| —— | (2R,3S)-3-tert-butyloxirane-2-carboxylic acid | 96096-76-3 | C7H12O3 |
| —— | 2-(Methoxymethyl)-2-methyloxirane | 37459-10-2 | C5H10O2 |
| —— | sodium β-phenyl-β-methylglycidate | 25957-43-1 | C10H9O3*Na |
| —— | 3-methyl-3-phenyl-oxiranecarboxylic acid 4a,6a-dimethyl-tetrahydro-1,4-dioxa-6b-aza-cyclopenta[<i>cd</i>]pentalen-2a-ylmethyl ester | 60204-84-4 | C20H25NO5 |
| —— | (+)-3-methyl-3-phenyl-oxiranecarboxylic acid | 5669-15-8 | C10H10O3 |
| —— | ethyl (E)-3-methyl-3-phenylglycidate | 77-83-8 | C12H14O3 |
| —— | (-)-(2S,3R)-1-capryloxy-2,3-epoxy-8-methylnonane | 1427215-24-4 | C18H36O2 |
| —— | 2,3-epoxy-8-methyl-1-nonanol | 115937-04-7 | C10H20O2 |
| —— | [(2S,3S)-3-(5-Methyl-hexyl)-oxiranyl]-methanol | 133575-32-3 | C10H20O2 |
| —— | Sodium (-)-(2R,3S)-E-3-phenyl oxirane-2-carboxylate | 129939-41-9 | C9H7O3*Na |