环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团(即C-O-C三元环)的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3,其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中,并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O,它具有高度反应性,能够参与多种类型的反应,例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质,环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体,也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域环氧化物的合成方法多样,包括但不限于:
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | (2R,3R)-3-[2-(tert-Butyl-dimethyl-silanyloxy)-ethyl]-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester | 124459-93-4 | C12H24O4Si |
| —— | 83807-45-8 | C21H40O2 | |
| —— | 3-ethyl-oxiranecarbonitrile | 21432-22-4 | C5H7NO |
| —— | (2R,3S)-(-)-3-(1,1-dimethylethyl)oxiranemethanol | 125514-82-1 | C7H14O2 |
| —— | 2-[2-[1-(1-cyclohexylpropoxy)ethoxy]ethoxymethyl]oxirane | 98934-90-8 | C16H30O4 |
| —— | 1-(1-methyl-2-glycidoxyethyl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane | 1567764-85-5 | C10H24O3Si2 |
| —— | 2-[2-(1-Isopropylsulfanyl-ethoxy)-ethoxymethyl]-oxirane | 106701-94-4 | C10H20O3S |
| —— | methyl cis-2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-5-<2-(trimethylsilyl)-ethynyl>tetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylate | 114057-59-9 | C15H26O3Si |
| —— | (2R,3S)-2,3-epoxy-4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-butanoic acid ethyl ester | 478916-47-1 | C12H24O4Si |
| —— | 1643949-36-3 | C21H39NO3S | |
| —— | lithium;7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hept-2-en-2-olate | 77326-18-2 | C6H7O2*Li |
| —— | (2S,3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,6-dimethyl-5-heptenyl iodide | 80287-13-4 | C9H15IO |
| —— | (2R,3S)-3-phenethyl-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid benzylamide | 485809-22-1 | C18H19NO2 |
| —— | trimethyl-[2-(3-methylbutyl)-3-prop-2-enyloxiran-2-yl]silane | 85052-10-4 | C13H26OSi |
| —— | allyl cis-2,3-epoxypentyl ether | 94513-15-2 | C8H14O2 |
| —— | (2S,3S)-2-(2-bromoethyl)-3-ethenyloxirane | 1200831-30-6 | C6H9BrO |
| —— | (2S,3R)-2-(iodomethyl)-3-tetradecyloxirane | 1233497-18-1 | C17H33IO |
| —— | 4-(1-tert-butoxyethyl)-2,2,3,3,5-pentamethyl-2,3-dihydrofuran | 87337-75-5 | C15H28O2 |
| —— | (2R,3S)-3-<(R)-1-hydroxyethyl>-2-(2-methylbut-2-enoyl)oxirane-2-carboxamide | 239100-58-4 | C10H15NO4 |
| —— | (2R,3R)-2,3-epoxy-2,6-dimethyl-5-heptenyl iodide | 80232-51-5 | C9H15IO |
| —— | 2,4-O-Benzylidene-D-glucaric acid-1-ethylester-6-amide | 14790-85-3 | C15H19NO7 |
| —— | trans (4R,5R)-4,5-epoxynonane | 221180-24-1 | C9H18O |
| —— | (2S,3R)-8-methyl-2,3-epoxynonan-1-al | 127526-37-8 | C10H18O2 |
| —— | 2-(4-Methyl-pent-2-ynyl)-oxirane | 10288-16-1 | C8H12O |
| —— | (+/-)-8<i>r</i>,9<i>t</i>-epoxy-1,4,4,8-tetramethyl-cycloundec-1<i>t</i>-ene | 23333-77-9 | C15H26O |
| —— | 2-(2,3-dibromopropoxymethyl)oxetane | 115845-55-1 | C7H12Br2O2 |
| —— | [3-(3-Chloromethyl-oxiranyl)-2-methyl-propyl]-triethyl-silane | 67263-37-0 | C13H27ClOSi |
| —— | (-)-(S)-2,3-epoxy-2-methyltridecane | 117326-83-7 | C14H28O |
| —— | α-Methyl-α,β-epoxy-cyclohexylidenessigsaeure-t-butylester | 93428-09-2 | C13H22O3 |
| —— | <3-(2,3-Epoxy-propyloxy)-propyl>-tributyl-stannan | 41784-39-8 | C18H38O2Sn |
| —— | (1S,6R,7S,9R)-8,10-dioxatricyclo[4.3.1.07,9]deca-2,4-diene | 41988-60-7 | C8H8O2 |
| —— | 12-oxatricyclo<8.3.2.0<sup>11,13</sup>>pentadec-14-ene | 128706-48-9 | C14H22O |
| —— | (2R,3S)-3-(4-phenyl-butyl)-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid methylamide | 485809-28-7 | C14H19NO2 |
| —— | N-methoxy-N-methyl (2S,3S)-2-carbamoyl-3-<(R)-1-hydroxyethyl>oxirane-2-carboxamide | 239100-55-1 | C8H14N2O5 |
| —— | 3-Methylene-11-oxa-tricyclo[4.4.2.0<sup>1,6</sup>]dodecane | 91781-70-3 | C12H18O |
| —— | [(2S,3S)-((2Z,5Z)-3-Octa-2,5-dienyl)-oxiranyl]-methanol | 107740-69-2 | C11H18O2 |
| —— | Dimethoxy{3-[(oxiran-2-yl)methoxy]propyl}silane | 128171-48-2 | C8H18O4Si |
| —— | Methoxy{3-[(oxiran-2-yl)methoxy]propyl}silane | 93079-96-0 | C7H16O3Si |
| —— | [(2R,3S)-((2Z,5Z)-3-Undeca-2,5-dienyl)-oxiranyl]-methanol | 206268-75-9 | C14H24O2 |
| —— | 2-allyloxy-3,4-epoxy-2,4-dimethyl-pentane | 99978-16-2 | C10H18O2 |
| —— | 2-<2-(2,3-epoxypent-4-enyloxy)ethoxy>ethanol | 147526-43-0 | C9H16O4 |
| —— | (3,3-dimethyl-oxiranylmethyl)-trimethyl-silane | 65181-04-6 | C8H18OSi |
| —— | 1,2-epoxy-2-methylundecane | 136423-80-8 | C13H26O |
| —— | 2,3-epoxy-N,N-diethyl-3-phenylpropanamide | 96650-00-9 | C13H17NO2 |
| —— | (2R,3R,6R)-2,3-epoxy-2,6,8-trimethylnonan-1-ol | 153924-66-4 | C12H24O2 |
| —— | ((2<i>R</i>)-5ξ,6<i>t</i>-dimethoxy-[1,4]dioxan-2<i>r</i>-yl)-methanol | 98429-55-1 | C7H14O5 |
| —— | ((1R,2S,4S,5S)-4-Dimethylaminomethyl-3,6-dioxa-bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-ylmethyl)-dimethyl-amine | 78135-91-8 | C10H20N2O2 |
| —— | tridecalino-18-crown-6 | 104049-01-6 | C36H60O6 |
| —— | (2R,3S,4R)-epoxy-4-methylhex-5-en-1-ol | 108867-43-2 | C7H12O2 |
| —— | (2S,3R)-1-iodo-2,3-epoxypentadecane | 150990-69-5 | C15H29IO |