环氧化物
环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团（即C-O-C三元环）的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3，其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中，并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O，它具有高度反应性，能够参与多种类型的反应，例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质，环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体，也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域- 医药与生物科学：一些天然存在的环氧化合物如环氧树脂（epoxides）具有抗癌、抗炎等活性。通过结构改造和修饰可以开发出新型的药物分子。
- 材料科学：环氧化合物在聚合物化学中非常重要，常被用作合成热固性树脂的重要成分，这些树脂广泛用于涂料、粘合剂等领域。
- 精细化工：环氧化物是许多精细化学品制备的关键中间体。通过与各种化合物进行开环或加成反应可合成多种有价值的化学品。
环氧化物的合成方法多样，包括但不限于：
- 氧化还原反应
- 亲核加成反应（如使用过氧化氢）
- 光化学反应
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
相关化合物
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | (4R,5R)-2-tert-Butyl-[1,3]dioxolane-4,5-dicarboxylic acid diamide | 515870-54-9 | C9H16N2O4 |
| —— | ((2S,3S)-2-Methyl-3-{2-[(2R,3R)-3-methyl-3-(2-trimethylsilanyl-ethoxymethoxymethyl)-oxiranyl]-ethyl}-oxiranyl)-methanol | 852238-64-3 | C16H32O5Si |
| —— | 2-Allyloxymethyl-3-propyl-oxirane-2-carbonitrile | 59991-92-3 | C10H15NO2 |
| —— | 2-[2-Methoxy-1-methyl-2-(3-methylsulfanyl-propylsulfanyl)-ethyl]-3-methyl-oxirane | 58202-99-6 | C11H22O2S2 |
| —— | diethyl (2R,3R)-2,3-O-((E)-crotylidene)tartrate | 115275-07-5 | C12H18O6 |
| —— | <i>trans</i>-2-methyl-3-(1-methyl-prop-2-ynyl)-oxirane | 59627-31-5 | C7H10O |
| —— | 2-{1-chloromethyl-2-[3-(1-methyl-silolan-1-yl)-allyloxy]-ethoxymethyl}-oxirane | 40973-27-1 | C14H25ClO3Si |
| —— | rel-(3S,4S,5R)-3,4-epoxy-4,7-dimethyl-1,6-dioxaspiro<4,5>dec-7-ene | 117320-25-9 | C10H14O3 |
| —— | Glycidyl-<2-(2-vinylmercapto-aethylmercapto)-aethyl>aether | 86047-54-3 | C9H16O2S2 |
| —— | 2,8-Dimethyl-1,4,6,7-tetraoxa-spiro<4.4>nonan | 23645-46-7 | C7H12O4 |
| —— | (E)-6-(3,3-Dimethyl-oxiranyl)-4-methyl-hex-3-enenitrile | 59664-58-3 | C11H17NO |
| —— | 2-[2-(2-Allylsulfanyl-ethoxy)-ethoxymethyl]-oxirane | 106702-03-8 | C10H18O3S |
| —— | spiro[adamantane-2,3'-oxirane]-2'-carbonyl chloride | 89848-86-2 | C12H15ClO2 |
| —— | (S)-2-((methoxymethoxy)methyl)oxirane | 183961-34-4 | C5H10O3 |
| —— | 2,3-Epoxy-3,4-dimethyl-2-cyan-pentan | 98425-96-8 | C8H13NO |
| —— | (2S,4R,5S)-4,5-Diisopropyl-2-((1R,2R,3S,4S)-3-methyl-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-yl)-[1,3]dioxolane | 199122-26-4 | C17H28O2 |
| —— | (E)-2-(hept-1-en-1-yl)-2-methyloxirane | 1342297-70-4 | C10H18O |
| —— | methyl 3,3-dimethyloxetane-2-carboxylate | 20967-50-4 | C7H12O3 |
| —— | tert-butyl-dimethyl-[(E)-3-[3-methyl-3-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)oxiran-2-yl]prop-2-enoxy]silane | 114736-19-5 | C18H34O2Si |
| —— | methyl (2S,3R)-3-[(E)-6-[(2S)-3,3-dimethyloxiran-2-yl]-4-methylhex-3-enyl]-3-methyloxirane-2-carboxylate | 1196980-49-0 | C16H26O4 |
| —— | (E)-2-Methyl-2-(oct-2-enyl)oxirane | 325829-24-1 | C11H20O |
| —— | 3-Allyl-3-methyl-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid methoxy-methyl-amide | 209806-34-8 | C9H15NO3 |
| —— | 3-methyl-5-propyl-2,3-dihydro-furan | 90112-36-0 | C8H14O |
| —— | (2R,3R,5Z)-1-iodo-2,3-epoxyoct-5-ene | 105228-33-9 | C8H13IO |
| —— | Tributyl-{(Z)-3-[(1R,2S)-2-(3-[1,3]dioxepan-2-yl-propyl)-cyclohexyloxy]-allyl}-stannane | 130829-92-4 | C29H56O3Sn |
| —— | (3Ξ)-<i>D</i>-3,4-anhydro-apiose | 89364-39-6 | C5H8O4 |
| —— | 2-(tert-Butyl-dimethyl-silanyloxy)-3-methyl-3-propyl-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester | 141352-30-9 | C14H28O4Si |
| —— | 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-1-oxa-spiro[2.5]octane | 94718-81-7 | C15H28O |
| —— | [(4S)-2,2-dimethyl-4-(2-methylsulfanylethyl)-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]-[(2S,3R)-3-tetradecyloxiran-2-yl]methanone | 1643949-37-4 | C25H47NO3S |
| —— | 5,5-dimethyl-cis-2,3-epoxycyclohexanol | 38309-46-5 | C8H14O2 |
| —— | (4S,5R),(E)-5,9-dimethyl-4,5-epoxy-2,8-decadien-1-ol | 128443-01-6 | C12H20O2 |
| —— | (2R,3S)-2-(iodomethyl)-3-[(1R)-1-(methoxymethoxy)but-3-ynyl]oxirane | 1197419-42-3 | C9H13IO3 |
| —— | [(2S,3R)-3-cyclohexyloxiran-2-yl]-[(2R,4S)-2-(2-methylsulfanylethyl)-4-propan-2-yl-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]methanone | 1285721-23-4 | C18H31NO3S |
| —— | Ethyl L-3-trans-benzylcarbamoyloxirane-2-carboxylate | 192815-63-7 | C13H15NO4 |
| —— | (6'R,1''RS)-(2Z)-2-[6'-(1''-methyloxiranyl)tetrahydropyran-3'-ylidene]ethanol | 337971-09-2 | C10H16O3 |
| —— | 2-Chlor-2,3-epoxy-buttersaeure-methylester | 28942-43-0 | C5H7ClO3 |
| —— | epoxy-4,5 methyl-5 hexanenitrile | 114041-98-4 | C7H11NO |
| —— | 2,5-Bis(trimethylsilyl)bicyclo<4.2.0>octa-1(6),3-diene | 145708-70-9 | C14H26Si2 |
| —— | β,β-Pentamethylen-glycidsaeure-amid | 24446-47-7 | C8H13NO2 |
| —— | Oxirane-2,2-dicarboxylic acid butyl ester methyl ester | 114406-54-1 | C9H14O5 |
| —— | (2S,3S,6R)-2,3-epoxy-2,6-dimethyloctanal | 150311-82-3 | C10H18O2 |
| —— | (2R)-2-[(1S)-1-chlorohexyl]oxirane | 110822-66-7 | C8H15ClO |
| —— | 1-Methyl-1-<3-chlor-2-(2,3-epoxy-propyloxy)-propyl>-1-sila-cyclopentan | 30038-52-9 | C11H21ClO2Si |
| —— | 2-cyclohexyl-1-oxa-spiro[2.5]octane | 130987-47-2 | C13H22O |
| —— | 3,6-Diacetoxy-2,5-dipentyl-1,4-dioxan | 1099-07-6 | C18H32O6 |
| —— | [(2R,5S)-2,5-ditert-butyl-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]methanol | 130399-42-7 | C14H28O3 |
| —— | (E)-3-[(2R,3R)-3-Methyl-3-(4-methyl-pent-3-enyl)-oxiranyl]-prop-2-en-1-ol | 745020-35-3 | C12H20O2 |
| —— | methyl (2S,3S)-2,3-epoxy-tridecanoate | 269411-15-6 | C14H26O3 |
| —— | 1.4-Dideuterio-1.4-epoxy-cyclohexan | 91447-83-5 | C6H10O |
| —— | [(2S,3S)-((E)-3-Oct-5-en-2-ynyl)-oxiranyl]-methanol | 107643-27-6 | C11H16O2 |
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