环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团(即C-O-C三元环)的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3,其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中,并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O,它具有高度反应性,能够参与多种类型的反应,例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质,环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体,也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域环氧化物的合成方法多样,包括但不限于:
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | cis-1,1-Dimethoxy-4-heneicosene 4,5-epoxide | 90913-51-2 | C23H46O3 |
| —— | 2-Brom-2,3-epoxy-4-methyl-pentansaeure-methylester | 27227-97-0 | C7H11BrO3 |
| —— | (1'R,2r,4'S,4a'S,8a'R)-5-methoxy-5-methyl-1',4',4a',5',6',7',8',8a'-octahydro-5H-spiro[[1,3,4]oxadiazole-2,9'-[1,4]methanonaphthalene] | 1103940-55-1 | C14H20N2O2 |
| —— | (4S,5S)-4,5-epoxydodecane | 1000070-22-3 | C12H24O |
| —— | (2S,3S)-2-Heptyl-3-isopropyl-oxirane | 77262-51-2 | C12H24O |
| —— | 2-epoxy-3-(2-chloro-2,2-difluoroethoxy)propane | 1300731-44-5 | C5H7ClF2O2 |
| —— | (S)-(-)-2-diazo-1-oxyranyl-ethanone | 294212-36-5 | C4H4N2O2 |
| —— | 2-{1-chloromethyl-2-[3-(1-methyl-silolan-1-yl)-propoxy]-ethoxymethyl}-oxirane | 38033-35-1 | C14H27ClO3Si |
| —— | 1300731-48-9 | C5H7F3O2 | |
| —— | (1S,7R)-12-Oxa-tricyclo[5.4.1.0<sup>1,7</sup>]dodecane | 40330-76-5 | C11H18O |
| —— | (2S,3R)-6-bromo-2,3-epoxyhexanol | 185953-51-9 | C6H11BrO2 |
| —— | (S)-(1-oxaspiro[2.5]octan-2-yl)methanol | 868960-72-9 | C8H14O2 |
| —— | 2-Pentyl-5-(hept-1-inyl)-4,5-dihydro-furan-4-ol | 1220-07-1 | C16H26O2 |
| —— | ethyl N-isoamyl-2,3-epoxysuccinamate | 74557-15-6 | C11H19NO4 |
| —— | 4-methyl-4-propionyloxy-2-trichloromethyl-[1,3]dioxolane | 37663-86-8 | C8H11Cl3O4 |
| —— | ((S)-2,2-dimethyl-4-(2-(methylthio)ethyl)oxazolidin-3-yl)((2S,3R)-3-(4-hydroxybutyl)oxiran-2-yl)methanone | 1438398-98-1 | C15H27NO4S |
| —— | opt.-akt. 2-Carbamoyl-2,3-epoxy-3-methyl-pentansaeure | 1459-82-1 | C7H11NO4 |
| —— | (1S,2R,4S,5R)-2,4-Bis-bromomethyl-3,6-dioxa-bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane | 32739-55-2 | C6H8Br2O2 |
| —— | (2Z)-Epoxy-4,5-penten-2-ol | 73885-74-2 | C5H8O2 |
| —— | 2,3-Epoxy-2-dimethoxymethyl-3-phenylpropionsaeuremethylester | 27579-32-4 | C13H16O5 |
| —— | 2,3;4,5-diepoxy-2,4-dimethyl-decane | 100250-23-5 | C12H22O2 |
| —— | 2,3;4,5-diepoxy-2,4-dimethyl-heptane | 99182-82-8 | C9H16O2 |
| —— | (2S,3S)-3-tert-Butyl-2-chloro-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid | 90012-63-8 | C7H11ClO3 |
| —— | 2,3;4,5-diepoxy-2,4-dimethyl-hexane | 25287-02-9 | C8H14O2 |
| —— | (2S,3S)-2-Chloro-3-isopropyl-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid | 90012-62-7 | C6H9ClO3 |
| —— | 2-[2-ethoxy-5-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-[1,3]dioxolan-4-yl]-ethanol | 870460-35-8 | C9H18O5 |
| —— | 1,6:3,4-bis-O-(tetraisopropyldisiloxane-1,3-diyl)-myo-inositol | 123270-13-3 | C30H64O8Si4 |
| —— | iso-tetragermane | 14097-09-7 | Ge4H10 |
| —— | 2-((Z)-10-bromodec-2-enyl)-3-(Z)-pent-2-enyl-oxirane | 641613-16-3 | C17H29BrO |
| —— | (2S,3S)-2-((Z)-Oct-2-enyl)-3-vinyl-oxirane | 80335-92-8 | C12H20O |
| —— | 2-((2Z,5Z)-13-bromotrideca-2,5-dienyl)-3-ethyl oxirane | 641613-17-4 | C17H29BrO |
| —— | 3,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)-2-oxiranylidene dicyanide | 2066-54-8 | C6F6N2O |
| —— | 2-(7-bromoheptyl)-3-(2Z,5Z)-octa-2,5-dienyl-oxirane | 641613-15-2 | C17H29BrO |
| —— | 2S,3S-epoxy-5Z-undecen-1-ol | 80374-67-0 | C11H20O2 |
| —— | (Z)-4-((2R,3R)-3-((Z)-oct-2-en-1-yl)oxiran-2-yl)but-3-en-1-ol | 78606-76-5 | C14H24O2 |
| —— | (2S,3R)-2-(buta-1,3-dien-1-yl)-3-((Z)-oct-2-en-1-yl)oxirane | 76745-27-2 | C14H22O |
| —— | (2S,3R,5Z)-cis-2,3-epoxy-5-undecen-1-ol | 86421-16-1 | C11H20O2 |
| —— | 2-(R),3-(S)-epoxy-cis-5-undecenal | 76793-15-2 | C11H18O2 |
| —— | (2S,3S)-((Z)-3-Oct-2-enyl)-oxirane-2-carbaldehyde | 80374-68-1 | C11H18O2 |
| —— | ((+/-)-trans)-Methyl 3-<2-(8-phenyloctyl)phenyl>oxiranecarboxylate | 108082-09-3 | C24H30O3 |
| —— | (2R,3R)-2-((Z)-4-((2-methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)but-1-en-1-yl)-3-((Z)-oct-2-en-1-yl)oxirane | 78606-75-4 | C18H32O3 |
| —— | trans-1-methylthio-2,3-epoxyheptane | —— | C8H16OS |
| —— | rac-(cis)-2-(2,5-octadiynyl)-3-nonyloxirane | —— | C19H30O |
| —— | (R)-3-tert-butyl-2,2-dimethyloxirane | —— | C8H16O |
| —— | 2,2-dichloro-3,3-dimethyloxirane | —— | C4H6Cl2O |
| —— | 2-hexyl-1,2-epoxyoctane | —— | C14H28O |
| —— | 2-pentyl glycidyl ether | —— | C8H16O2 |
| —— | (3R,4S,5S)-3,4-epoxy-5-methyl-1-heptene | —— | C8H14O |
| —— | (3S,4R,5S)-3,4-epoxy-5-methyl-1-heptene | —— | C8H14O |
| —— | Z,Z-(3R,4S)-cis-3,4-epoxy-6,9-heptadecadiene | —— | C17H30O |