环氧化物
环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团（即C-O-C三元环）的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3，其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中，并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O，它具有高度反应性，能够参与多种类型的反应，例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质，环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体，也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域- 医药与生物科学：一些天然存在的环氧化合物如环氧树脂（epoxides）具有抗癌、抗炎等活性。通过结构改造和修饰可以开发出新型的药物分子。
- 材料科学：环氧化合物在聚合物化学中非常重要，常被用作合成热固性树脂的重要成分，这些树脂广泛用于涂料、粘合剂等领域。
- 精细化工：环氧化物是许多精细化学品制备的关键中间体。通过与各种化合物进行开环或加成反应可合成多种有价值的化学品。
环氧化物的合成方法多样，包括但不限于：
- 氧化还原反应
- 亲核加成反应（如使用过氧化氢）
- 光化学反应
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
相关化合物
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | 4-methyl-2,5-diphenyl-[1,3]dioxolane-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester | 40707-69-5 | C19H20O4 |
| —— | (3-(((R)-oxiran-2-yl)methoxy)propyl)(3-(((S)-oxiran-2-yl)methoxy)propyl)dipropylstannane | 51077-65-7 | C18H36O4Sn |
| —— | (E)-3-ethyl-5-((2R,3S)-3-ethyl-3-methyloxiran-2-yl)pent-2-en-1-ol | 1389395-05-4 | C12H22O2 |
| —— | 1-Ethoxycarbonyl-1,2-epoxy-2-methyl-heptan | 91213-97-7 | C11H20O3 |
| —— | 4-tert-Butyl-2,2-dimethyl-1-oxaspiropentan | 56798-97-1 | C10H18O |
| —— | 2-(1-Cyclopropyl-ethoxymethyl)-oxirane | 90941-27-8 | C8H14O2 |
| —— | 1,4-dimethyl-7-oxabicyclo<2.2.1>heptane-2-endo-carbonitrile | 128359-64-8 | C9H13NO |
| —— | 2,3-epoxy-tetradecanoic acid-(2-ethyl-hexyl ester) | 102885-17-6 | C22H42O3 |
| —— | 1,4-dimethyl-7-oxabicyclo<2.2.1>heptane-2-exo-carbonitrile | 128359-39-7 | C9H13NO |
| —— | (4aα,8aβ,9aβ,10aα)-1,4,4a,5,8,8a,9a,10a-Octahydrodispiro<anthracen-9,2':10,2''-bisoxiran> | 56234-60-7 | C16H20O2 |
| —— | (2S,3R)-2-(tert-Butyl-dimethyl-silanyloxy)-3-pentyl-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester | 141352-26-3 | C15H30O4Si |
| —— | 3.3-Dibrom-2-trifluormethyl-propylenoxyd | 666-11-5 | C4H3Br2F3O |
| —— | 2,4,4,8,8-Pentamethyl-1-oxa-spiro[2.5]octane | 56051-21-9 | C12H22O |
| —— | 2-Ethyl-2-methyl-3-n-hexyl-oxiran | 56051-26-4 | C11H22O |
| —— | 3-cyclohexyloxirane-2-carbaldehyde | 1414943-27-3 | C9H14O2 |
| —— | 1,2-Epoxy-2,4-dimethyl-5-triaethylsilyl-pentan | 18419-04-0 | C13H28OSi |
| —— | 2-oxiranyl-2-propenyltrimethylsilane | 158143-22-7 | C8H16OSi |
| —— | sodium a-phenylglycidate | 24568-17-0 | C9H7O3*Na |
| —— | (E)-3-[(1S,2S,3R,4R)-3-((2S,3S)-3-Hydroxymethyl-oxiranyl)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-yl]-propenol | 187841-48-1 | C13H18O3 |
| —— | 4.5-Epoxy-2-methyl-1-hexen | 58283-91-3 | C8H14O |
| —— | (Z)-4-((2S,3S)-3-Decyl-oxiranyl)-but-3-en-1-ol | 96720-16-0 | C16H30O2 |
| —— | 2-pentyl-3-propenyl-oxirane | 99977-72-7 | C10H18O |
| —— | (2S,3R)-3-(4-phenyl-butyl)-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester | 502690-30-4 | C14H18O3 |
| —— | 2,2-bis-(1-methyl-allyl)-oxirane | 58283-73-1 | C10H16O |
| —— | 4,4,4-Trifluor-2,3-epoxy-buttersaeure-ethylester | 673-87-0 | C6H7F3O3 |
| —— | 2-(3,3-Dichloro-allyloxymethyl)-oxirane | 28897-36-1 | C6H8Cl2O2 |
| —— | N'-[(S)-1-((4S,5S)-4,5-Bis-isopropoxymethyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-yl)-pentyl]-N,N-dimethyl-hydrazine | 202479-80-9 | C18H38N2O4 |
| —— | (2R,3S)-3-((S)-1-Hydroxy-ethyl)-2-((E)-2-methyl-undec-2-enoyl)-oxirane-2-carbonitrile | 762288-52-8 | C17H27NO3 |
| —— | Ethyl L-3-trans-(2-phenylethylcarbamoyl)oxirane-2-carboxylate | 192815-59-1 | C14H17NO4 |
| —— | (2S-trans)-3-octyloxiranemethylchloride | 132437-19-5 | C11H21ClO |
| —— | 2-Chlor-4.5.5-trifluor-2-methyl-4-trifluormethyl-1.3-dioxolan | 344308-79-8 | C5H3ClF6O2 |
| —— | 2-Chloromethyl-3-((E)-hex-2-enyl)-oxirane | 42322-70-3 | C9H15ClO |
| —— | (4S,5S),(Z)-5,9-dimethyl-4,5-epoxy-2,8-decadien-1-ol | 114736-19-5 | C18H34O2Si |
| —— | (2,3-dibutyloxiran-2-yl)-trimethylsilane | 104925-80-6 | C13H28OSi |
| —— | (R)-2-Hexadecyl-oxirane-2-carbaldehyde | 852525-45-2 | C19H36O2 |
| —— | 2-tert-butyl-1,4-dioxaspiro<2.2>pentane | 131864-28-3 | C7H12O2 |
| —— | (+/-)-3,3-diethyl-oxetane-2<i>r</i>,4<i>t</i>-dicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester | 100053-73-4 | C11H18O5 |
| —— | 2,5:3,4-dianhydro-1,6-dideoxy-6-(dimethylamino)-D-allitol | 100778-22-1 | C8H15NO2 |
| —— | 5-Oxaspiro[3.5]nonane-6-carboxylic acid | 1864480-39-6 | C9H14O3 |
| —— | 3,3-Dicyano-2-methyl-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester | 105092-74-8 | C8H8N2O3 |
| —— | (2S,3S)-2-Hydroxymethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)oxirane | 82290-66-2 | C6H12O2 |
| —— | 2,trans-3,trans-5,cis-6-Tetramethyl-1,4-dioxan | 42464-21-1 | C8H16O2 |
| —— | 1,2-epoxy-4-butyl-4-octanol | 66946-46-1 | C12H24O2 |
| —— | <i>cis</i>-2-butyl-3-chloro-oxirane | 21947-79-5 | C6H11ClO |
| —— | 2-Diazo-1-(S)-1-oxa-spiro[2.4]hept-2-yl-ethanone | 76504-47-7 | C8H10N2O2 |
| —— | Acetic acid 2-cyano-3-phenyl-oxiranylmethyl ester | 140666-65-5 | C12H11NO3 |
| —— | 3,6-dibutyl-[1,4]dioxane-2,5-diol | 2052-95-1 | C12H24O4 |
| —— | (1RS,2RS,3SR,4SR)-1-dimethoxymethyl-7-oxabicyclo<2.2.1>hept-2-ene-2-exo,3-exo-dimethanol | 107452-86-8 | C11H18O5 |
| —— | N,N-dimethyl-cis-2,3-epoxy-4-hydroxy-trans,trans-7,10-dodecadienamide | 80663-15-6 | C14H23NO3 |
| —— | 1,1-Dichlor-3,3,4,4,5,5-heptafluorpenten-(1)-epoxid | 30448-54-5 | C5HCl2F7O |
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