环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团(即C-O-C三元环)的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3,其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中,并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O,它具有高度反应性,能够参与多种类型的反应,例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质,环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体,也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域环氧化物的合成方法多样,包括但不限于:
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | [(2S)-2-(2-methylprop-2-enyl)oxiran-2-yl]methanol | 791123-31-4 | C7H12O2 |
| —— | isocaryophyllene diepoxide | 60479-15-4 | C15H24O2 |
| —— | trans-6,7-epoxydodecane | 92943-15-2 | C12H24O |
| —— | 5-allyloxy-2-methyl-1-pentene oxide | 107761-98-8 | C9H16O2 |
| —— | 1-Cyclooctyloxy-2,3-epoxypropan | 21324-95-8 | C11H20O2 |
| —— | methyl (2R,3S)-3-[(4S)-8-methoxy-4,8-dimethylnonyl]-3-methyloxirane-2-carboxylate | 1352303-72-0 | C17H32O4 |
| —— | methyl (2R,3S)-3-[(4R)-6-(3,3-dimethyloxiran-2-yl)-4-methylhexyl]-3-methyloxirane-2-carboxylate | 1352303-81-1 | C16H28O4 |
| —— | [(2S,3R)-3-dodec-11-enyloxiran-2-yl]methanol | 158977-93-6 | C15H28O2 |
| —— | (2S,3S)-3-((2,6-dimethoxy-1-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-yl)methyl)-2-methyl-2-(4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)oxirane | 1415456-09-5 | C23H36O3 |
| —— | 1-Cycloheptyloxy-2,3-epoxypropan | 21324-94-7 | C10H18O2 |
| —— | (2S)-2-benzyl-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid ((3R)-tetrahydro-furan-3-yl)amide | 910539-78-5 | C14H17NO3 |
| —— | (2S)-2-benzyl-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid benzylamide | 910539-76-3 | C17H17NO2 |
| —— | 4,7,8-trimethyl-1-oxaspiro<2.5>oct-4-ene | 74146-75-1 | C10H16O |
| —— | (2R,5E)-2,12-epoxycaryophyll-5-ene | 88395-50-0 | C15H24O |
| —— | 1-(3-chloropropoxy)-2,3-epoxypropane | 211736-98-0 | C6H11ClO2 |
| —— | 1-(2-chloro-1-chloromethyl)ethoxy-2,3-epoxypropane | 23916-49-6 | C6H10Cl2O2 |
| —— | (R)-2-(2-methylallyl)oxirane | 916228-08-5 | C6H10O |
| —— | 2-(8-chlorooctyl)oxirane | 185559-27-7 | C10H19ClO |
| —— | 3-[(4R)-4-methyl-1-oxaspiro[2.5]octan-4-yl]propanenitrile | 218898-56-7 | C11H17NO |
| —— | ethyl (2R,3R)-5-methyl-2,3-oxirane-hexanoate | 869012-79-3 | C9H16O3 |
| —— | 2-Fluoro-3-[3-fluoro-2,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)oxiran-2-yl]-2,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)oxirane | 165749-30-4 | C8F14O2 |
| —— | 2-({2-[2-(Dodecylsulfanyl)ethoxy]ethoxy}methyl)oxirane | 102013-66-1 | C19H38O3S |
| —— | 2,5-dimethylhex-2,4-diene diepoxide | 1004-69-9 | C8H14O2 |
| —— | 1,2;3,4-diepoxy-pentane | 48086-15-3 | C5H8O2 |
| —— | (2R)-2-methyl-2-(4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)oxirane | 138944-69-1 | C9H16O |
| —— | (+/-)-<i>threo</i>-2,3-epoxy-valeric acid | 5699-62-7 | C5H8O3 |
| —— | 2-(1-Bromoethenyl)-1-oxaspiro[2.6]nonane | 1196720-43-0 | C10H15BrO |
| —— | (4E)-(2R,7R)-1-tert-Butoxy-2,4-dimethyl-7,8-epoxy-4-octene | 130767-24-7 | C14H26O2 |
| —— | 3,4-epoxynon-1-ene | 77192-31-5 | C9H16O |
| —— | (2R,4R)-1,2-epoxy-4,8-dimethylnonane | 130626-03-8 | C11H22O |
| —— | (2S)-2-[[(2R,3R)-2,3-bis(methoxymethoxy)-4-[(2S)-2-(methoxymethoxy)dodecoxy]butoxy]methyl]oxirane | 670748-83-1 | C25H50O9 |
| —— | (2S)-2-[[(2S,3S)-2,3-bis(methoxymethoxy)-4-[(2S)-2-(methoxymethoxy)dodecoxy]butoxy]methyl]oxirane | 670748-81-9 | C25H50O9 |
| —— | 2-(9-Methoxynonyl)oxirane | 111903-70-9 | C12H24O2 |
| —— | 2-(3-Methylbut-3-en-1-yn-1-yl)oxirane | 89524-87-8 | C7H8O |
| —— | (Z)-2-tert-Butyl-2,3-dichloroxiran | 91524-20-8 | C6H10Cl2O |
| —— | Ethyl trans-3-isopropyloxirane-2-carboxylate | 52945-83-2 | C8H14O3 |
| —— | (2S)-isopropenyloxirane | 154961-92-9 | C5H8O |
| —— | (2R,3S)-2,3-epoxy-4-oxo-dodecanamide | 17397-90-9 | C12H21NO3 |
| —— | humulene-1,2-epoxide | 882187-46-4 | C15H24O |
| —— | (1RS,4RS,6SR,10SR)-5,11-dioxatricyclo<8.1.0.0<sup>4,6</sup>>undecane | 87020-58-4 | C9H14O2 |
| —— | 1,6-dimethyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hept-3-ene | 57338-10-0 | C8H12O |
| —— | 1,2-dimethyl-1,3,5-cyclohexatriene 1,2-oxide | 73654-32-7 | C8H10O |
| —— | 1-oxaspiro[2.13]hexadecane | 96278-20-5 | C15H28O |
| —— | 1-oxaspiro[2.14]heptadecane | 96278-21-6 | C16H30O |
| —— | 1-oxaspiro[2.15]octadecane | 96278-22-7 | C17H32O |
| —— | 1-oxa-spiro[2.7]decane-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester | 33475-39-7 | C12H20O3 |
| —— | 5,5,7-trimethyl-1-oxa-spiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester | 60234-72-2 | C13H22O3 |
| —— | ethyl 4-methyl-1-oxaspiro[2.5]octane-2-carboxylate | 73040-01-4 | C11H18O3 |
| —— | 1,4-Bis(2,3-epoxypropoxy)but-2-ene | 13416-97-2 | C10H16O4 |
| —— | ethyl trans-3-pentyl-1-oxirane-2-carboxylate | 91664-25-4 | C10H18O3 |