环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团(即C-O-C三元环)的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3,其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中,并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O,它具有高度反应性,能够参与多种类型的反应,例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质,环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体,也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域环氧化物的合成方法多样,包括但不限于:
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3,4-二氯-1,2-环氧-丁烷 | 1,2-dichloro-3,4-epoxybutane | 3491-32-5 | C4H6Cl2O |
| 3,3-二甲基-环氧乙烷羧酸甲酯 | methyl 2,3-epoxy-3-methylbutyrate | 5584-70-3 | C6H10O3 |
| 3,3-二甲基-1,2-环氧丁烷 | 1,2-epoxy-3,3-dimethylbutane | 2245-30-9 | C6H12O |
| 3,3-二乙基-2-氧杂环丁烷甲酰胺 | 3,3-diethyloxetane-2-carboxamide | 127565-56-4 | C8H15NO2 |
| 3,3,3,-三氟-2-(三氟甲基)-1,2-氧化丙烯 | 2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)oxirane | 31898-68-7 | C4H2F6O |
| 3,10-二氧杂三环[7.1.0.02,4]癸烷 | Octan-1,2-7,8-diepoxid | 277-86-1 | C8H12O2 |
| 2-苯基环氧乙烷-1-羧酸甲酯 | methyl 3-Phenylglycidate | 37161-74-3 | C10H10O3 |
| 2-羧基环氧乙烷乙酸 | Itaconate epoxide | 94853-87-9 | C5H6O5 |
| 2-癸基-3-(5-甲基己基)环氧乙烷 | cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyl-octadecane | 35898-62-5 | C19H38O |
| 2-甲酰基-2-乙基环氧乙烷 | 2-Formyl-2-ethyloxirane | 69046-84-0 | C5H8O2 |
| 2-甲氧基乙基缩水甘油醚 | 3-(2-Methoxyethoxy)propene 1,2-epoxide | 13483-49-3 | C6H12O3 |
| 2-甲基缩水甘油酸甲酯 | methyl 2-methyl-2-oxiranecarboxylate | 58653-97-7 | C5H8O3 |
| 2-甲基环氧乙烷-2-羧酸 | 2-methyloxirane-2-carboxylic acid | 38649-35-3 | C4H6O3 |
| 2-甲基环氧乙烷-2-甲醛 | 2-methyl-2,3-epoxypropanal | 52788-68-8 | C4H6O2 |
| 2-甲基环氧乙烷-2-甲腈 | 2-methyl-2-oxiranecarbonitrile | 37447-61-3 | C4H5NO |
| 2-甲基-3-苯基环氧乙烷-2-羧酸 | Sodium;2-methyl-3-phenyloxirane-2-carboxylic acid | 5449-12-7 | C10H10NaO3+ |
| 2-甲基-3-戊基环氧乙烷 | 2,3-epoxyoctane | 3234-26-2 | C8H16O |
| 2-甲基-2-丙烯酸与1,3-丁二烯、氯甲基环氧乙烷、4,4’-(1-甲基亚乙基)双[酚]和2-丙烯腈的聚合物 | Buta-1,3-diene;2-(chloromethyl)oxirane;4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol;2-methylprop-2-enoic acid;prop-2-enenitrile | 68492-68-2 | C29H36ClNO5 |
| 2-甲基-2-丙烯酸与(氯甲基)环氧乙烷和4,4'-(1-甲基亚乙基)双酚的聚合物 | 2-(Chloromethyl)oxirane;4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol;2-methylprop-2-enoic acid | 36425-15-7 | C22H27ClO5 |
| 2-甲基-2-(三氯甲基)环氧乙烷 | 2-methyl-2-trichloromethyl-oxirane | 16387-26-1 | C4H5Cl3O |
| 2-甲基-2-(1-乙氧基乙烯基)环氧乙烷 | 2-methyl-2-(1-ethoxyvinyl)oxirane | 103144-71-4 | C7H12O2 |
| 2-甲基-2,3-环氧基-1-丙醇 | 2-methylglycidol | 872-30-0 | C4H8O2 |
| 2-甲基-1-氧杂螺[2.7]癸烷 | 2-methyl-1-oxaspiro<2.7>decane | 28256-66-8 | C10H18O |
| 2-甲基-1-氧杂螺[2.5]辛烷-2-羧酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-methyl-1-oxaspiro[2,5]octane-2-carboxylate | 31045-09-7 | C11H18O3 |
| 2-甲基-1-氧杂螺[2.4]庚烷-2-羧酸 | 2-Methyl-1-oxaspiro[2.4]heptane-2-carboxylic acid | 455935-81-6 | C8H12O3 |
| 2-甲基-1-氧杂螺[2.4]庚烷-2-甲腈 | 2-methyl-1-oxaspiro[2.4]heptane-2-carbonitrile | 1052176-06-3 | C8H11NO |
| 2-甲基-1-氧杂螺[2.4]庚烷 | 2-methyl-1-oxaspiro<2.4>heptane | 28256-63-5 | C7H12O |
| 2-甲基-1-氧杂-螺[2.6]壬烷 | 2-methyl-1-oxaspiro[2.6]nonane | 28256-65-7 | C9H16O |
| 2-甲基-1-氧杂-螺[2.5]辛烷 | 2-methyl-1-oxaspiro[2.5]octane | 17328-74-4 | C8H14O |
| 2-甲基-1,2,3,4-二环氧丁烷 | 2-methyl-2,2'-bioxirane | 6341-85-1 | C5H8O2 |
| 2-环氧乙烷羧酸2-苯基乙酯 | Oxiranecarboxylic acid, 2-phenylethyl ester | 68892-14-8 | C11H12O3 |
| 2-环己基环氧乙烷 | Cyclohexyloxirane | 3483-39-4 | C8H14O |
| 2-环己基-5-[(1-环己基)-甲基]-四氢呋喃 | 2-cyclohexyl-5-[(1-cyclohexyl)-methyl]-tetrahydrofuran | 1024708-82-4 | C17H30O |
| 2-环己基-2-甲基环氧乙烷 | 2-cyclohexyl-2-methyloxirane | 25910-98-9 | C9H16O |
| 2-环丙基-环氧乙烷 | vinylcyclopropane oxide | 21994-19-4 | C5H8O |
| 2-环丙基-1-氧杂螺[2.2]戊烷 | 2-Cyclopropyl-1-oxaspiro[2.2]pentane | 87639-53-0 | C7H10O |
| 2-烯丙基-1-氧杂螺[2.4]庚烷 | 2-Prop-2-enyl-1-oxaspiro[2.4]heptane | 119681-02-6 | C9H14O |
| 2-溴甲基-1-氧杂螺[2.3]己烷 | 2-bromomethyl-1-oxaspiro[2.3]hexane | 229330-48-7 | C6H9BrO |
| 2-溴-3,4-环氧-1-丁烯 | (1-bromo-vinyl)-oxirane | 6005-78-3 | C4H5BrO |
| 2-氯甲基-3-甲氧基甲基环氧乙烷 | 2-chloromethyl-3-methoxymethyl-oxirane | 100791-96-6 | C5H9ClO2 |
| 2-氯-3-(氯甲基)环氧乙烷 | cis-1,3-dichloropropene epoxide | 66826-72-0 | C3H4Cl2O |
| 2-氯-3,4-环氧-1-丁烯 | rac-(1-chloroethenyl)oxirane | 3132-77-2 | C4H5ClO |
| 2-氯-2-(氯甲基)环氧乙烷 | 2-Chloro-2-(chloromethyl)oxirane | 7803-96-5 | C3H4Cl2O |
| 2-氯-2-(氯甲基)-3-甲基环氧乙烷 | 2-Chloro-2-(chloromethyl)-3-methyloxirane | 187399-76-4 | C4H6Cl2O |
| 2-氯-2-(二甲氧基甲基)-3-甲基环氧乙烷 | 2-Chloro-2-dimethoxymethyl-3-methyl-oxirane | 108365-84-0 | C6H11ClO3 |
| 2-氯-2-(二乙氧基甲基)-3-甲基环氧乙烷 | 2-chloro-2-(diethoxymethyl)-3-methyloxirane | 175983-09-2 | C8H15ClO3 |
| 2-氨基甲酰-3-(1-羟基-2-甲基丙基)-3-甲基环氧乙烷-2-羧酸甲酯 | 1-Carbamoyl-2,4-dimethyl-1,2-epoxy-3-hydroxy-1-(methoxycarbonyl)pentane | 142438-73-1 | C10H17NO5 |
| 2-氨基甲酰-3,3-二甲基-2-环氧乙烷羧酸 | 2-carbamoyl-3,3-dimethyl-oxiranecarboxylic acid | 89464-55-1 | C6H9NO4 |
| 2-氟-2-(1,1,2,2,2-五氟乙基)-3,3-双(三氟甲基)环氧乙烷 | perfluoro-2,3-epoxy-2-methylpentane | 788-67-0 | C6F12O |
| 2-异丙基-2-甲基环氧乙烷 | 2,3-dimethyl-1,2-epoxybutane | 72221-03-5 | C6H12O |